生死存亡

Chinese

		to live and die; life-and-death	to live or die; life or death
trad. (生死存亡)		生死	存亡
simp. #(生死存亡)		生死	存亡
Literally: “to live or die, exist or perish”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shēngsǐcúnwáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄥ ㄙˇ ㄘㄨㄣˊ ㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sang¹ sei² cyun⁴ mong⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shēngsǐcúnwáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄥ ㄙˇ ㄘㄨㄣˊ ㄨㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shengsǐhcúnwáng
    • Wade–Giles: shêng¹-ssŭ³-tsʻun²-wang²
    • Yale: shēng-sž-tswún-wáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shengsyytswenwang
    • Palladius: шэнсыцуньван (šɛnsycunʹvan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰu̯ən³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sang¹ sei² cyun⁴ mong⁴
    • Yale: sāng séi chyùhn mòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sang¹ sei² tsyn⁴ mong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: seng¹ séi² qun⁴ mong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐŋ⁵⁵ sei̯³⁵ t͡sʰyːn²¹ mɔːŋ²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: sraeng|sraengH sijX dzwon mjang

Rime
Character	生	生	死	存	亡
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	生 (21)	生 (21)	心 (16)	從 (15)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	庚 (109)	庚 (109)	脂 (17)	魂 (55)	陽 (106)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	II	II	III	I	III
Fanqie	所庚切	所敬切	息姊切	徂尊切	武方切
Baxter	sraeng	sraengH	sijX	dzwon	mjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʃˠæŋ/	/ʃˠæŋH/	/sˠiɪX/	/d͡zuən/	/mʉɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʃᵚaŋ/	/ʃᵚaŋH/	/sᵚiX/	/d͡zuon/	/mʷiɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ʃaŋ/	/ʃaŋH/	/siɪX/	/d͡zuən/	/miuɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʂaɨjŋ/	/ʂaɨjŋH/	/sjiX/	/d͡zwən/	/muaŋ/
Li Rong	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋH/	/sjiX/	/d͡zuən/	/miuaŋ/
Wang Li	/ʃɐŋ/	/ʃɐŋH/	/siX/	/d͡zuən/	/mĭwaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʂɐŋ/	/ʂɐŋH/	/siX/	/d͡zʱuən/	/miwaŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēng	shèng	sǐ	cún	wáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sang1	sang3	si2	cyun4	mong4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sreŋ|sreŋ|sreŋ  sijʔ  [dz]ˤə[n]  maŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ|sreŋs  hljiʔ  zluːn  maŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	生	生	生	死	存	亡
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3	1/1	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēng	shēng	shēng	sǐ	cún	wáng
Middle Chinese	‹ sræng ›	‹ sræng ›	‹ srjæng ›	‹ sijX ›	‹ dzwon ›	‹ mjang ›
Old Chinese	/*sreŋ/ (MC srj- > sr-; or *s.reŋ ?)	/*sreŋ/	/*sreŋ/ (or *s.reŋ ?)	/*sijʔ/	/*[dz]ˁə[n]/	/*maŋ/
English	bear, be born; live	fresh, raw	bear, be born; live	die (v.)	exist	flee; disappear; die
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	生	生	死	存	亡
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1	1/1	1/1
No.	11312	11322	12006	1905	12662
Phonetic component	生	生	死	存	亡
Rime group	耕	耕	脂	文	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0	2	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	生	生	死	存	亡
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*sreŋs/	/*hljiʔ/	/*zluːn/	/*maŋ/

Idiom

生死存亡

1. life or death; survival or extinction

   關係到人類的生死存亡 [MSC, trad.]
   关系到人类的生死存亡 [MSC, simp.]

   guānxì dào rénlèi de shēngsǐcúnwáng [Pinyin]

   to concern the survival of the human race

2. matter of life and death; critical moment

   生死存亡的關頭／生死存亡的关头  ―  shēngsǐcúnwáng de guāntóu  ―  crucial juncture