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Translingual
editHan character
edit畀 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+3, 8 strokes, cangjie input 田一中 (WML), four-corner 60221, composition ⿱田丌)
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 759, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21748
- Dae Jaweon: page 1169, character 17
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2530, character 6
- Unihan data for U+7540
Chinese
editGlyph origin
edit| Historical forms of the character 畀 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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|
|
In the oracle bone script, it was a pictogram (象形) of an arrow with a flat arrowhead (cf. 矢, an arrow) – original character of 錍 (OC *pʰeː, *pe, “arrow with a flat arrowhead”).
In the bronze script, a dot was added to the centre, which later became a short line. The bottom of the glyph eventually corrupted into 廾 or 丌. On the basis of the latter shape, Shuowen erroneously interprets the character as a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pids) : phonetic 甶 (OC *pɯd) + semantic 丌 (“pedestal”).
Etymology 1
edit| simp. and trad. |
畀 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-bəj-n/k (“to give”). Other cognates within the same Sinitic word family include 賓／宾 (bīn, “guest”), 嬪／嫔 (pín, “court lady, palace maid”), 殯／殡 (bìn, “laying a coffin”); outside of Sinitic, cognate with Tibetan སྦྱིན (sbyin, “to give, to bestow”), Burmese ပေး (pe:, “to give”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): bi4
- Eastern Min (BUC): bé
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pi
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bì
- Wade–Giles: pi4
- Yale: bì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bih
- Palladius: би (bi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pi⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bei2 / bei3
- Yale: béi / bei
- Cantonese Pinyin: bei2 / bei3
- Guangdong Romanization: béi2 / béi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pei̯³⁵/, /pei̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Note:
- bei2 - vernacular;
- bei3 - literary.
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ei2
- Sinological IPA (key): /ei⁵⁵/
- Hakka
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bé
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɛi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: pjijH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*pi[t]-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pids/
Definitions
edit畀
- (literary or Cantonese) to give
- 1853, “序言”, in 遐邇貫珍 [Chinese Serial], volume 1, number 1:
- (Cantonese, dated) to use
- (Cantonese, dated or uncommon) to add
- (Cantonese) to pay
- (Cantonese) to allow; to let
- (Cantonese) for
- (Cantonese) to
- (Cantonese) by
Usage notes
edit- In Cantonese, when 畀 is used as a ditransitive verb meaning “to give”, the indirect object usually follows the direct object.
- In a passive-voice sentence in Cantonese, 畀 is always followed by an object and not a verb, unlike Mandarin 被 (bèi) which can be followed by an object or a verb. 人 (jan4) can be used as a dummy object when the doer is not specified.
Synonyms
edit| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 付 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 付 |
| Malaysia | 還, 付 | |
| Singapore | 還, 付 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Guilin | 付 |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 付 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 畀 |
| Hong Kong | 畀 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 畀 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 付 |
| Hakka | Kuching (Hepo) | 還 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 付 |
| Southern Min | Tainan | 付 |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 予 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 還 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 把拉, 還 obsolete | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 付 |
Compounds
editEtymology 2
edit| simp. and trad. |
畀 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
editDefinitions
edit畀
Etymology 3
edit| simp. and trad. |
畀 | |
|---|---|---|
Pronunciation
edit- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pí
- Hakka Romanization System: biˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bi3
- Sinological IPA: /pi³¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
Definitions
edit畀
- (Taiwanese Hakka) Contraction of 分佢.
Japanese
editKanji
edit畀
- to give
Readings
editCompounds
edit- 畀予 (hiyo)
Korean
editHanja
edit畀 (eum 비 (bi))
- to give
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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