盤桓

Chinese

		dish; tray; to build dish; tray; to build; to check; to examine; to transfer; (a measure word used for dishes of food or coils of wire); to coil	surname; Sapindus mukurosi
trad. (盤桓)		盤	桓
simp. (盘桓)		盘	桓
alternative forms		槃桓 磐桓

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pánhuán

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pun⁴ wun⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pánhuán
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pánhuán
    • Wade–Giles: pʻan²-huan²
    • Yale: pán-hwán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: parnhwan
    • Palladius: паньхуань (panʹxuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän³⁵ xu̯än³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pun⁴ wun⁴
    • Yale: pùhn wùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pun⁴ wun⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pun⁴ wun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn²¹ wuːn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: ban hwan

Rime
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	薄官切	胡官切
Baxter	ban	hwan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑn/	/ɦuɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑn/	/ɦʷɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwan/	/ɦwan/
Li Rong	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Wang Li	/buɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱuɑn/	/ɣuɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pán	huán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	pun4	wun4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤan  [ɢ]ʷˤar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːn  ɡʷaːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pán	huán
Middle Chinese	‹ ban ›	‹ hwan ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁan/	/*[ɢ]ʷˁar/
English	tray, basin	pillar; martial-looking
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	盤	桓
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	232	14004
Phonetic component	般	亘
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	槃	桓
Old Chinese	/*baːn/	/*ɡʷaːn/
Notes	籀文槃

Verb

盤桓

1. to walk back and forth; to roam around
2. to spiral around; to circle around
3. to stay; to stop over
4. (figurative) to hesitate; to be indecisive

Synonyms

• (to pace back and forth):

edit

• 彷徨 (pánghuáng)
• 徘徊
• 盤旋 / 盘旋 (pánxuán)
• 走來走去 / 走来走去 (zǒuláizǒuqù)
• 踟躕 / 踟蹰 (chíchú)
• 躑躅 / 踯躅 (zhízhú)

 

• (to stay):

edit

• 停 (tíng)
• 停留 (tíngliú)
• 勾留 (gōuliú)
• 蹲 (figurative)
• 逗 (dòu)
• 逗留 (dòuliú)
• 逋留 (būliú) (literary)
• 駐 / 驻 (zhù) (literary, or in compounds)
• 駐留 / 驻留 (zhùliú)

 

• (to hesitate):

edit

• 反顧 / 反顾 (fǎngù) (literary)
• 彳亍 (chìchù) (literary, figurative)
• 彷徨 (pánghuáng) (figurative)
• 徘徊 (figurative)
• 拿不定主意 (nábùdìng zhǔyì)
• 游移 (yóuyí)
• 猶疑 / 犹疑 (yóuyí)
• 猶豫 / 犹豫 (yóuyù)
• 疑蟯 / 疑蛲 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 膩 / 腻 (nyi⁴) (Sichuanese)
• 躊躇 / 踌躇 (chóuchú)
• 巡巡 (xúnxún) (literary)
• 逡巡 (qūnxún) (literary)
• 遲疑 / 迟疑 (chíyí)

 

Adjective

盤桓

1. (Classical) large

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (盤桓):

• → Korean: 반환(盤桓) (banhwan)