U+77DC, 矜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77DC

[U+77DB]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+77DD]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 110, +4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹人戈弓 (NHOIN), four-corner 18227, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 822, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23852
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1233, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2764, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+77DC

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Corrupted from , which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic (spear) + phonetic (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part (jīn).

Etymology 1

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trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (28)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter king
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kiŋ/
Li
Rong
/kiəŋ/
Wang
Li
/kĭəŋ/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ki̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ging1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jīn jīn
Middle
Chinese
‹ king › ‹ king ›
Old
Chinese
/*k-riŋ/ (dialect: *k-r- > k-, *-iŋ > MC -ing) /*k-riŋ/
English pity (v.) boastful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 6631
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kɯŋ/

Definitions

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  1. to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad.
simp. #
alternative forms 𥎊

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Initial () (30) (30)
Final () (44) (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Baxter gin gj+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiɪn/ /ɡɨn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡᵚin/ /ɡɨn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡien/ /ɡiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gjin/ /gɨn/
Li
Rong
/ɡjĕn/ /ɡiən/
Wang
Li
/ɡǐĕn/ /ɡĭən/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/gi̯ĕn/ /gi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qín qín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
kan4 kan4
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qín
Middle
Chinese
‹ gin ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɡriŋ/
English kind of lance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
No. 6629 6630
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
𥎊
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrɯn/ /*ɡɯn/
Notes 𥎊 𥎊

Definitions

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  1. handle of a spear

Etymology 3

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trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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  1. Alternative form of  / (guān, old man with no wife)
  2. Alternative form of (guān, to be ill)

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. pride
  2. respect

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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(geung, geun) (hangeul , , revised geung, geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)

  1. pity
  2. feel sorry for
  3. show sympathy for
  NODES
Note 4