箏

See also: 筝 and 琴

箏 U+7B8F, 箏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7B8F ← 箎 [U+7B8E] CJK Unified Ideographs 箐 → [U+7B90]

㉇ U+3247, ㉇ CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH KOTO ← ㉆ [U+3246] Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㉈ → [U+3248]

Translingual

Han character

箏 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹月尸木 (HBSD), four-corner 8850₇, composition ⿱𥫗爭)

Derived characters

• 𬘈

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 887, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26133
• Dae Jaweon: page 1315, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): not present, would follow volume 5, page 2984, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7B8F

Chinese

trad.		箏
simp.		筝

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
琤	*sʰraːŋ, *sʰreːŋ
崢	*zraːŋ, *zreːŋ
鬇	*zraːŋ, *zreːŋ
爭	*ʔsreːŋ
箏	*ʔsreːŋ
猙	*ʔsreːŋ, *zeŋʔ
埩	*ʔsreːŋ, *zreːŋ
諍	*ʔsreːŋs
凈	*sʰreːŋ
錚	*sʰreːŋ
棦	*sʰreːŋ
竫	*zreŋʔ
睜	*zeŋʔ
淨	*zeŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ʔsreːŋ) : semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 爭 (OC *ʔsreːŋ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): zhēng (zheng¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄥ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zen¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zang¹ / zaang¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): zang¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): zen¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chên

  (Meixian, Guangdong): zên¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): zeng¹ / ceng¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cáing
• Eastern Min (BUC): cĕng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): cheng / chng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): zêng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tsen
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zen¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jheng
    • Wade–Giles: chêng¹
    • Yale: jēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jeng
    • Palladius: чжэн (čžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: zen¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zen
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zang¹ / zaang¹
    • Yale: jāng / jāang
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzang¹ / dzaang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zeng¹ / zang¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡saːŋ⁵⁵/

Note:

• zang1 - literary (common);
• zaang1 - vernacular (less common).

• (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  • Wiktionary: zang¹
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: zen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chên
    • Hakka Romanization System: zen^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: zen¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sen²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: zên¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sɛn⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: zeng¹ / ceng¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səŋ¹¹/, /t͡sʰəŋ¹¹/

Note: ceng1 - colloquial variant.

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cáing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡saiŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: cĕng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɛiŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cheng
    • Tâi-lô: tsing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zefng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chng
    • Tâi-lô: tsng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zngf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sŋ̍³³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: zêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tseng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡seŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tsen
    • MiniDict: tsen^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tsen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sən⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sən³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tsreang

Rime
Character	箏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	莊 (18)
Final (韻)	耕 (117)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	側莖切
Baxter	tsreang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃˠɛŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂᵚæŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃɐŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂəɨjŋ/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃɛŋ/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃæŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂæŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zang1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ʔsreːŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	箏
Reading #	1/1
No.	17143
Phonetic component	争
Rime group	耕
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	爭
Old Chinese	/*ʔsreːŋ/

Definitions

箏

1. zither

   古箏／古筝  ―  gǔzhēng  ―  guzheng

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (箏):

• → Japanese: 箏(そう) (sō)
• → Korean: 쟁(箏) (jaeng)
• → Vietnamese: tranh (箏)

Compounds

• 古箏 / 古筝 (gǔzhēng)
• 撫箏 / 抚筝
• 放風箏 / 放风筝
• 斷線風箏 / 断线风筝
• 秦箏 / 秦筝 (qínzhēng)
• 箏柱 / 筝柱
• 線斷風箏 / 线断风筝
• 鈿箏 / 钿筝
• 風箏 / 风筝

 

See also

• 琴 (qín)

Japanese

Kanji

箏

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kan-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kun: こと (koto, 箏)

Compounds

• 古(こ)箏(そう) (kosō, “guzheng”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
箏
こと Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
琴 (Japanese zither)

箏 (koto): a koto, a kind of zither.

⟨ko₂to₂⟩ → */kətə/ → /koto/

From Old Japanese.

Possibly derived from a compound of elements 木 (ko, “tree, wood”, combining form) +‎ 音 (oto, “sound”), with the additional medial o dropped by haplology. Compare the development of 這(は)い入(い)る (haiiru) to 入(はい)る (hairu), or 参(まい)入(い)る (maiiru) to 参(まい)る (mairu).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こと [kóꜜtò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞to̞]

Noun

箏(こと) • (koto) 

1. koto: a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng
2. (colloquial) guzheng: a Chinese zither where the koto was based on [since after the Edo period]

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 箏(こと)糸(いと) (kotoito)
• 箏(こと)歌(うた) (kotōta)
• 箏(こと)柱(じ) (kotoji)
• 箏(こと)爪(づめ) (kotozume)
• 琴(こと)の組(くみ) (koto no kumi)
• 歌(うた)箏(ごと) (utagoto)
• 楽(がく)箏(そう) (gakusō)
• 筑(つく)紫(し)箏(ごと) (Tsukushigoto)

Descendants

• English: koto

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
箏
そう Hyōgai
kan'on

/sau/ → /sɔː/ → /soː/

From Middle Chinese 箏 (MC tsreang).

The kan'on reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) そー [sóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [so̞ː]

Noun

箏(そう) • (sō) ^{←さう (sau)?}

1. a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither)

   Synonym: 古箏 (kosō)

Derived terms

• 箏(そう)曲(きょく) (sōkyoku)
• 箏(そう)の琴(こと) (sō no koto)
• 俗(ぞく)箏(そう) (zokusō)

Proper noun

箏(そう) • (Sō) ^{←さう (Sau)?}

1. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
箏
しょう Hyōgai
goon

/ɕau/ → /ɕɔː/ → /ɕoː/

Appears in the Iroha Jiruishō (c. mid-late 12th century).

From Middle Chinese 箏 (MC tsreang). The goon reading, so likely a later borrowing.

Noun

箏(しょう) • (shō) ^{←しやう (syau)?}

1. (possibly obsolete) a guzheng, zheng (Chinese zither), where the koto was based on

Derived terms

• 箏(しょう)の琴(こと) (shō no koto)

See also

• 琴(きん) (kin, “guqin, qin”), another kind of ancient Chinese zither

Korean

Hanja

箏 • (jaeng) (hangeul 쟁, revised jaeng, McCune–Reischauer chaeng, Yale cayng)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Old Japanese

Etymology

Possibly a compound of 木 (ko₂, combining form of ki₂, “tree, wood”) +‎ 音 (oto₂, “sound”), with the additional medial o dropped by haplology or absence of vowel clustering.

Noun

箏 (ko₂to₂) (kana こと)

1. a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng
   • 720, Nihon Shoki, poem 41:

     訶羅怒烏之褒珥椰枳之餓阿摩離虛等珥莵句離訶枳譬句椰由羅能斗能斗那訶能異句離珥敷例多莵那豆能紀能佐椰佐椰

     Karano₁ wo sipo ni yaki₁ si ga amari ko₂to₂ ni tukuri kaki₁pi₁ku ya Yura-no₂-to₁ no₂ to₁naka no₂ ikuri ni puretatu nadu no₂ ki₂ no₂ sayasaya

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants

• Japanese: 箏, 琴 (koto)

Vietnamese

Han character

箏: Hán Việt readings: tranh
箏: Nôm readings: giành, tranh

1. zither (e.g., đàn tranh)

Compounds

• 古箏 (cổ tranh)
• 彈箏 (đàn tranh)
• 風箏 (phong tranh)