築

See also: 筑

築	U+7BC9, 築 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BC9

← 篈
[U+7BC8]

CJK Unified Ideographs

篊 →
[U+7BCA]

築	U+2F963, 築 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F963

← 篆
[U+2F962]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

䈧 →
[U+2F964]

Translingual

Han character

築 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+10, 16 strokes, cangjie input 竹一弓木 (HMND), four-corner 8890₄, composition ⿱筑木)

Derived characters

𭣊, 𭬬

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 892, character 18
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26298
Dae Jaweon: page 1320, character 28
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2998, character 4
Unihan data for U+7BC9

Unihan data for U+2F963

Chinese

trad.		築
simp.		筑^*

Wikipedia has an article on:

築

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (竹) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
竺	tuːɡ, tuːɡ, *tuɡ
篤	*tuːɡ
竹	*tuɡ
筑	tuɡ, duɡ
築	*tuɡ
茿	*tuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tuɡ) : phonetic 筑 (OC *tuɡ, *duɡ) + semantic 木 (“wood”).

Etymology

According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsuk ~ tsik (“to build”); cognate with Tibetan རྩིག (rtsig, “to build”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *ʔtsukᴴ (“to build”) (whence Burmese ဆောက် (hcauk, “to build”)).

On the other hand, Schuessler (2007) derives this from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *truk, whence also Tibetan རྡུག (rdug, “to conquer; to vanquish”) and Burmese တိုက် (tuik, “to dash against; to bump against”). STEDT derives the Tibetan word from Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m/r-tuk (“cut; knock; pound”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhù, zhú

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄨˋ, ㄓㄨˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zuk¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chuk

(Meixian, Guangdong): zug⁵
Eastern Min (BUC): dé̤ṳk
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): tiok / tio̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): dog⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhù
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhù
  - Wade–Giles: chu⁴
  - Yale: jù
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juh
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zhú
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhú
  - Wade–Giles: chu²
  - Yale: jú
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jwu
  - Palladius: чжу (čžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: zuk¹
  - Yale: jūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: zug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: zug^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʊk̚¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: dé̤ṳk
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tøyʔ²⁴/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiok
  - Tâi-lô: tiok
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diog
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /tiɔk̚⁵/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: tio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diok
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tiɔk̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: dog⁴
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tok
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /tok̚²/

Middle Chinese: trjuwk

Rime
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	張六切
Baxter	trjuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶiuk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk¹

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*truk/

(Zhengzhang): /*tuɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhù
Middle Chinese	‹ trjuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*truk/
English	pound earth, build
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	築
Reading #	1/1
No.	17591
Phonetic component	竹
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	竹
Old Chinese	/*tuɡ/
Notes	說文築聲

Definitions

築

(literary) wooden pestle for pounding dirt
(literary) to pound soil to make it firm; to ram earth
to build; to construct
(literary, or in compounds) house; building
a surname

Synonyms

(to build):

edit

修建 (xiūjiàn)
修築 / 修筑 (xiūzhù)
塑建 (sùjiàn)
建構 / 建构 (jiàngòu) (something abstract)
建築 / 建筑 (jiànzhù) (literally or figuratively)
建設 / 建设 (jiànshè)
建造 (jiànzào)
搭 (Hokkien)
搭建 (dājiàn)
搭蓋 / 搭盖 (dāgài) (a temporary structure)
搭設 / 搭设 (dāshè)
架構 / 架构 (jiàgòu)
構作 / 构作 (gòuzuò)
構建 / 构建 (gòujiàn) (something abstract)
構築 / 构筑 (gòuzhù)
構造 / 构造 (gòuzào)
營造 / 营造 (yíngzào)
版築 / 版筑 (bǎnzhù) (literary)
築造 / 筑造 (zhùzào)
興修 / 兴修 (xīngxiū) (a large project)
興建 / 兴建 (xīngjiàn)
興築 / 兴筑 (xīngzhù) (literary)
起立 (qǐlì)

Compounds

References

“築”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

築

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

fabricate

Readings

Go-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: ちく (chiku, Jōyō)
Kun: きずく (kizuku, 築く, Jōyō)、つく (tsuku, 築く)
Nanori: つい (tsui)、つき (tsuki)、つく (tsuku)、づき (zuki)

Korean

Hanja

築 (eumhun 쌓을 축 (ssa'eul chuk))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

築: Hán Nôm readings: trốc, trúc

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.