股

See also: 脵

股 U+80A1, 股 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80A1 ← 肠 [U+80A0] CJK Unified Ideographs 肢 → [U+80A2]

Translingual

Han character

股 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月竹弓水 (BHNE), four-corner 7724₇, composition ⿰⺼殳)

Derived characters

• 𦜴, 𨵐

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 974, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29284
• Dae Jaweon: page 1426, character 7
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2051, character 7
• Unihan data for U+80A1

Chinese

trad.		股
simp. #		股

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 股
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (股) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
股	*klaːʔ
羖	*klaːʔ

Originally written 夃 (OC *kaːʔ, “thigh”), according to 趙平安. Later the 夃 component came to be written 殳, and a 肉 component was added, making the modern form an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klaːʔ) : semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 夃 (OC *kaːʔ, “thigh”).

Shuowen incorrectly considered it Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *klaːʔ) : semantic 肉 (“body”) + phonetic 殳 (OC *djo, “action”) – the hips as an active part of the body.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gǔ (gu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gu²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kú
• Eastern Min (BUC): gū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gou³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): kó͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gou²

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): gu²
• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵ku

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gǔ
    • Wade–Giles: ku³
    • Yale: gǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
    • Palladius: гу (gu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gu²
    • Yale: gú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kú
    • Hakka Romanization System: gu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gu³
    • Sinological IPA: /ku³¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔu⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɔu³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kó͘
    • Tâi-lô: kóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kor
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔ⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gou²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kóu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kou⁵²/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: gu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁵ku
    • MiniDict: ku^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²ku
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ku³⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: kuX

Rime
Character	股
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	公戸切
Baxter	kuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuoX/
Pan Wuyun	/kuoX/
Shao Rongfen	/koX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɔX/
Li Rong	/koX/
Wang Li	/kuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuoX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gu2

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷˤaʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*klaːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	股
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kuX ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷˁaʔ/
English	thigh
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	股
Reading #	1/1
No.	4311
Phonetic component	股
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	古
Old Chinese	/*klaːʔ/

Definitions

股

1. thigh; haunches
2. (historical, geometry) longer leg of a non-isosceles right triangle

   勾股定理  ―  gōugǔdìnglǐ  ―  Pythagorean theorem

3. lowest-level administrative unit, translated as "section" or "subsection", ranked below 科 (kē)
4. ply (of a strand or rope)
5. share; proportion
6. (finance) share; stock (Classifier: 隻／只 c)
7. Classifier for shares in a company.
8. Classifier for air, smoke, smells or scent.

   • 歷史的天空閃爍幾顆星；人間一股英雄氣在馳騁縱橫。 [MSC, trad.]
     历史的天空闪烁几颗星；人间一股英雄气在驰骋纵横。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1994, 王健 Wang Jian (lyricist), 谷建芬 Gu Jianfen (composer), "The Sky of History"《歷史的天空》

     Lìshǐ de tiānkōng shǎnshuò jǐ kē xīng; rénjiān yī gǔ yīngxióng qì zài chíchěng zònghéng. [Pinyin]

     In the sky of history blink a few stars; in the human world gallops a heroic spirit hither and thither.

9. Classifier for strength, forces.
10. (often derogatory) Classifier for groups of people.
11. Classifier for long winding things like hair, ropes, roadway, streams, etc.

Synonyms

• (thigh):

Dialectal synonyms of 大腿 (“thigh”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		髀
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		大腿, 股
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	大腿
	Taiwan	大腿
	Harbin	大腿
	Singapore	大腿
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	大腿
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	大腿
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	大腿
	Xining	大腿
	Xuzhou	大腿
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	大腿
	Ürümqi	大腿
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	大腿
	Wuhan	大腿, 大胯
	Guilin	大腿
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	大腿
	Yangzhou	大腿
Cantonese	Guangzhou	大髀
	Hong Kong	大髀
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	大髀
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	大髀
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	大髀
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	大髀
	Macau	大髀
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	大髀
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	大髀
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	大髀
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	大髀
	Foshan	大髀
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	大髀
	Foshan (Shunde)	大髀
	Foshan (Sanshui)	大髀
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	大髀
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	大髀
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	大髀
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	大髀
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	大髀
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	大髀
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	大髀
	Taishan	大髀
	Kaiping (Chikan)	大髀
	Enping (Niujiang)	大髀
	Heshan (Yayao)	大髀
	Dongguan	大髀
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	大髀
	Qingyuan	大髀
	Fogang	大髀
	Yingde (Hanguang)	大腳髀
	Yangshan	大髀
	Lianshan (Butian)	大腿
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	大腿
	Shaoguan	大髀
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	大腿
	Renhua	大腳髀
	Lechang	大腿
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	大髀
	Sihui	大髀
	Guangning	大髀
	Deqing	大髀
	Huaiji	大腿
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	大腿
	Yunfu	大髀
	Xinxing	大髀
	Luoding	大髀
	Yunan (Pingtai)	大髀
	Yangjiang	大腿, 大髀
	Xinyi	大髀
	Maoming (Xinpo)	大髀
	Lianjiang	大髀
	Nanning	大髀
	Wuzhou	大髀
	Yulin	大髀, 大腿
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	大腿
	Guiping	大腿
	Mengshan (Xihe)	大腳
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	大腿
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	大腿
	Baise	大髀
	Bobai	大腿
	Lingshan	大腿
	Pubei	大腿
Qinzhou	大腿
Beihai	大腿
Ningming	大髀
Hengzhou	大腿
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	大腿
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	大髀
Yangon (Taishan)	大髀
Mandalay (Taishan)	髀
Gan	Nanchang	大腿
	Lichuan	大腿
	Pingxiang	大腿
Hakka	Meixian	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Dabu (Xihe)	大腳髀
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	大髀
	Huiyang	大髀
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	大髀
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	大髀
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	大腳髀
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	大髀
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	大腳髀, 腳髀, 大裸髀
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	大腳髀, 腳髀
	Hong Kong	大髀
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	大腳髀
	Senai (Huiyang)	大髀
	Singkawang	大髀, 腳髀
Huizhou	Jixi	大腿
Jin	Taiyuan	大腿
	Xinzhou	大腿
Northern Min	Jian'ou	大腿
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	跤腿
Southern Min	Xiamen	大腿
	Jinjiang	跤大腿
	Yongchun	頂肚
	Zhangzhou	大跤腿
	Zhao'an	大腿
	Tainan	大腿
	Singapore (Hokkien)	大腿
	Chaozhou	大跤腿, 跤腿
	Shantou	大跤腿, 大腿
	Shantou (Chenghai)	大跤腿
	Jieyang	跤大腿
	Haifeng	大跤腿
	Bangkok (Teochew)	大腿
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	大腿
	Leizhou	跤腿
	Wenchang	跤腿
	Haikou	大腿
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	跤腿
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	大腿
Shehua	Fu'an	大腿
	Fuding	大髀
	Luoyuan	大髀
	Sanming	大髀
	Shunchang	大髀
	Hua'an	腳腿
Wu	Shanghai	大腿, 大髈, 大腳髈
	Shanghai (Chongming)	大腿
	Suzhou	大髈
	Danyang	大腿, 大髈髈
	Jinhua	大腿
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	肚腿
Xiang	Hengyang	大腳把子

• (stock):

edit

• 份股 (feng³ gu²) (Jin)
• 株式 (zhūshì) (rare)
• 股份 (gǔfèn)
• 股子 (gǔzi)
• 股票 (gǔpiào)

 

Coordinate terms

• 勾 (gōu)

Compounds

• 一屁股 (yīpìgu)
• 一股 (yīgǔ)
• 一股勁兒 / 一股劲儿
• 一股腦兒 / 一股脑儿 (yīgǔnǎor)
• 七股 (Qīgǔ)
• 乾股 / 干股 (gāngǔ)
• 二股絃 / 二股弦
• 二頭股肌 / 二头股肌
• 五股 (Wǔgǔ)
• 仙股 (xiāngǔ)
• 光屁股
• 入股 (rùgǔ)
• 八股 (bāgǔ)
• 八股文 (bāgǔwén)
• 八股文章
• 刺股
• 刺股懸梁
• 剪子股
• 割股 (gēgǔ)
• 募股 (mùgǔ)
• 勾股 (gōugǔ)
• 叉股子話 / 叉股子话
• 合股 (hégǔ)
• 商股
• 報屁股 / 报屁股
• 墊股 / 垫股
• 大股東 / 大股东
• 夾屁股 / 夹屁股
• 如在股掌
• 子推割股
• 官股
• 小型股
• 屁股
• 屁股沉
• 屁股眼 (pìguyǎn)
• 平均股價 / 平均股价
• 引錐刺股 / 引锥刺股
• 心膂股肱
• 懸梁刺股 (xuánliángcìgǔ)
• 懸頭刺股 / 悬头刺股
• 成長股 / 成长股
• 打屁股 (dǎ pìgǔ)
• 投機股 / 投机股
• 扭股兒糖 / 扭股儿糖
• 招股 (zhāogǔ)
• 拆股 (chāigǔ)
• 控股公司 (kònggǔ gōngsī)
• 握股公司
• 擦屁股 (cā pìgǔ)
• 擰成一股 / 拧成一股
• 普通股
• 東京股市 / 东京股市
• 毫子股
• 汗洽股慄 / 汗洽股栗
• 沉屁股
• 港股 (gǎnggǔ)
• 濠賭股 / 濠赌股 (háodǔgǔ)
• 火燒屁股 / 火烧屁股
• 炒股票
• 特別股 / 特别股
• 狗顛屁股 / 狗颠屁股
• 猴子屁股
• 現金股利 / 现金股利
• 紅底股 / 红底股 (hóngdǐgǔ)
• 紅籌股 / 红筹股 (hóngchóugǔ)
• 細價股 / 细价股 (xìjiàgǔ)
• 績優股 / 绩优股 (jìyōugǔ)
• 美股 (měigǔ)
• 翻股
• 老八股
• 股份 (gǔfèn)
• 股份公司 (gǔfèn gōngsī)
• 股價 / 股价 (gǔjià)
• 股價指數 / 股价指数 (gǔjià zhǐshù)
• 股兒 / 股儿
• 股利 (gǔlì)
• 股匪
• 股友社
• 股員 / 股员
• 股子 (gǔzi)
• 股市 (gǔshì)
• 股息 (gǔxī)
• 股息股利
• 股慄 / 股栗
• 股戰 / 股战
• 股掌 (gǔzhǎng)
• 股掌之上 (gǔ zhǎng zhī shàng)
• 股本 (gǔběn)
• 股東 / 股东 (gǔdōng)
• 股東大會 / 股东大会 (gǔdōng dàhuì)
• 股東權益 / 股东权益
• 股栗
• 股權 / 股权 (gǔquán)
• 股災 / 股灾 (gǔzāi)
• 股癬 / 股癣 (gǔxuǎn)
• 股票 (gǔpiào)
• 股票價值 / 股票价值
• 股票分割
• 股票市場 / 股票市场 (gǔpiào shìchǎng)
• 股票股利
• 股肱 (gǔgōng)
• 股肱之力
• 股肱耳目
• 股金 (gǔjīn)
• 股長 / 股长 (gǔzhǎng)
• 股關節 / 股关节
• 股關節炎 / 股关节炎
• 股骨 (gǔgǔ)
• 腹股溝 / 腹股沟 (fùgǔgōu)
• 菸屁股 / 烟屁股
• 藍籌股 / 蓝筹股 (lánchóugǔ)
• 蘇秦刺股 / 苏秦刺股
• 認股 / 认股
• 資產股 / 资产股
• 跟屁股
• 退股
• 釵股 / 钗股
• 錐股 / 锥股
• 離股兒 / 离股儿
• 零股交易

 

References

• “股”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• Tian Miao's "A Formal System of the Gougu Method" in The History of Mathematical Proof in Ancient Traditions, pp. 386–7.

Japanese

Kanji

股

(Jōyō kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• もも肉(にく), 股(もも)肉(にく), 腿(もも)肉(にく) (momoniku): the meat of the leg, round, ham
• 股(もも)引(ひき), 股(もも)引(ひ)き, もも引(ひ)き (momohiki): close fitting trousers, working trousers

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)
• Kan-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
• Kun: また (mata, 股, Jōyō)、もも (momo, 股)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
股
また Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
胯 叉 俣

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *mata. Cognate with Miyako 股 (また, mata), Okinawan 股 (また, mata).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) また [màtáꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [ma̠ta̠]

Noun

股(また) • (mata) 

1. (anatomy) crotch, the space between the thighs
2. fork in a tree, river, and so on

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
股
もも Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
腿

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) もも [móꜜmò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mo̞mo̞]

Noun

股(もも) • (momo) 

1. thigh
2. (anatomy, generally attributive) femoral, relating to the thigh or femur
   • 1998, Health and Welfare Statistics Association, Health and Welfare Statistics in Japan, page 195:

     K41 Femoral Hernia 大腿〈股〉ヘルニア

     K41 Thigh (femoral) hernia

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 股 (MC kuX). Recorded as Middle Korean 고〯 (kwǒ) (Yale: kwǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ko̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [고]

Hanja

Wikisource

股 (eumhun 넓적다리 고 (neopjeokdari go))

1. hanja form^? of 고 (“thigh”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 고간 (股間, gogan)
• 고관절 (股關節, gogwanjeol, “(anatomy) coxa; hip joint”)
• 고동맥 (股動脈, godongmaek, “(anatomy) femoral artery”)
• 고정맥 (股靜脈, gojeongmaek, “(anatomy) femoral vein”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

股: Hán Nôm readings: cổ, cỗ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.