U+80BA, 肺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80BA

[U+80B9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+80BB]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
Japan
 
(For Chinese,
skip
stroke 5
and
draw
stroke 9
so as
to cover
both strokes 5 and 9.
)

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 130, +4 in Chinese, 肉+5 in Japanese, 8 strokes in Chinese, 9 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 月十月 (BJB) or 月卜中月 (BYLB), four-corner 75227, composition 巿(GHTKV) or (J))

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 976, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29328
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1428, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2047, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+80BA

Chinese

edit
trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

edit

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *pʰobs) : semantic (meat; flesh) + phonetic 巿 (OC *pub).

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *p-wap (lung).

Pronunciation

edit

Note:
  • Sixian:
    • fi - literary;
    • hi - vernacular.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taiwan:
    • hì - vernacular;
    • hùi - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /fei⁵¹/
Harbin /fei⁵³/
Tianjin /fei⁵³/
Jinan /fei²¹/
Qingdao /fe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /fi³¹²/
Xi'an /fi⁴⁴/
Xining /fɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /fei¹³/
Lanzhou /fei¹³/
Ürümqi /fei²¹³/
Wuhan /fei³⁵/
Chengdu /fei¹³/
Guiyang /fei²²¹³/
Kunming /fei²¹²/
Nanjing /fəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /fe⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /fei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xuei³⁵/
Hohhot /fei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /fi³⁵/
Suzhou /fi⁵¹³/
Hangzhou /fi⁴⁴⁵/
Wenzhou /fei⁴²/
Hui Shexian /fe³²⁴/
Tunxi /fe⁴²/
Xiang Changsha /fei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɸəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /fɨi⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /fi⁵³/
Taoyuan /fui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐi³³/
Nanning /fɐi³³/
Hong Kong /fɐi³³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui²¹/
/hi²¹/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hiɛ²¹²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xi³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /hui²¹³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hui³⁵/
/fɔi³⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (2)
Final () (28)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter phjojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pʰʉɐiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/pʰʷiɐiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/pʰiuɐiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pʰuajH/
Li
Rong
/pʰiuɐiH/
Wang
Li
/pʰĭwɐiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/pʰi̯wɐiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fèi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fai3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fèi
Middle
Chinese
‹ phjojH ›
Old
Chinese
/*pʰo[t]-s/
English lung

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3293
Phonetic
component
巿
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pʰobs/
Notes

Definitions

edit

  1. (anatomy) lung
Synonyms
edit

Compounds

edit

Descendants

edit

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit


BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
pèi
Middle
Chinese
‹ phajH ›
Old
Chinese
/*pʰˁ[a][t]-s/
English dense, luxuriant (foliage)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

edit

  1. Only used in 肺肺.

References

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. lung

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: (ho)
  • Kan-on: はい (hai, Jōyō)
  • Kun: まごころ (magokoro)

Compounds

edit

Etymology 1

edit
Kanji in this term
はい
Grade: 6
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC phjojH)

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

(はい) (hai

  1. (anatomy) lung
Synonyms
edit

Etymology 2

edit
Kanji in this term
ふくふくし
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

/pukupukusi//ɸukuɸusi/.

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): [ɸɯ̟kɯ̟ɸɯ̟kɯ̟ɕi]

Noun

edit

(ふくふくし) (fukufukushi

  1. (obsolete, anatomy) lung
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki, page 68:
      心肺 々音辨 々訓布々久々之
      Heart Lung. Lung pronunciation is divided. Divided reading Pukupukusi.
    • 938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō, volume 2, page 35:
      肺 白虎通云 音廢 布久布久之 [...] 金之精也 色白 [...] 肺藏也 [...]
      Lung. Said to be white tigers pipe. Chinese reading is pai, [otherwise read] Pukupukusi. [...] the metal has been polished. [with the] color white [...] the lungs are hidden.

References

edit
  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Chinese (MC phjojH).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 폥〮 (Yale: phyéy)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 부〮화 (Yale: pwúhwà) 폐〯 (Yale: phyěy)

Pronunciation

edit
  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pʰje̞(ː)] ~ [pʰe̞(ː)]
  • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)/(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 허파 (heopa pye))

  1. hanja form? of (lungs) [noun]

Compounds

edit

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

: Hán Nôm readings: phế, phổi, chị, phễ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
  NODES
design 1
see 1