自主

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary
simp. and trad. (自主)		自	主

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìzhǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ zyu²

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chū-chú / chīr-chú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ze⁶ zu²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìzhǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjhǔ
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chu³
    • Yale: dz̀-jǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjuu
    • Palladius: цзычжу (czyčžu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi⁶ zyu²
    • Yale: jih jyú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ dzy²
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ ju²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² t͡syː³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-chú
    • Tâi-lô: tsū-tsú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuxzuo
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡su⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-chú
    • Tâi-lô: tsīr-tsú
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² t͡su⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ze⁶ zu²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ tsú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵²/

Verb

自主

1. to take the initiative; to act autonomously; to have self-determination

   自主創業／自主创业  ―  zìzhǔ chuàngyè  ―  self-employment

Derived terms

• 不由自主 (bùyóuzìzhǔ)
• 獨立自主 / 独立自主 (dúlìzìzhǔ)
• 自主創新 / 自主创新 (zìzhǔ chuàngxīn)
• 自主權 / 自主权 (zìzhǔquán)
• 自主神經系統 / 自主神经系统 (zìzhǔ shénjīng xìtǒng)

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (自主):

• → Japanese: 自主(じしゅ) (jishu)
• → Korean: 자주(自主) (jaju)
• → Vietnamese: tự chủ (自主)

Adjective

自主

1. (medicine, attributive) autonomic

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	主
じ Grade: 2	しゅ Grade: 3
goon	kan'on

Etymology

Appeared in 英和対訳袖珍辞書 (“A Pocket Dictionary of the English and Japanese Language”) of 1862.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) じしゅ [jíꜜshù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑiɕɨ]

Noun

自(じ)主(しゅ) • (jishu) 

1. autonomy, independence

   Synonyms: 自立 (jiritsu), 独立 (dokuritsu)

Antonyms

• 隷(れい)従(じゅう) (reijū, “servility, servitude”)

Derived terms

• 自(じ)主(しゅ)管(かん)理(り) (jishu kanri)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)規(き)制(せい) (jishu kisei)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)権(けん) (jishuken)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)財(ざい)源(げん) (jishu zaigen)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)性(せい) (jishusei)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)占(せん)有(ゆう) (jishu sen'yū)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)的(てき) (jishuteki, “autonomous”)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)独(どく)往(おう) (jishu dokuō)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)トレ (jishu tore)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)法(ほう) (jishuhō)
• 自(じ)主(しゅ)流(りゅう)通(つう)米(まい) (jishu ryūtsūmai)

 

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	主

Noun

自主 • (jaju) (hangeul 자주)

1. hanja form^? of 자주 (“independence; autonomy”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
自	主

Verb

自主

1. chữ Hán form of tự chủ (“to be in possession of oneself; to self-control”).

Adjective

自主

1. chữ Hán form of tự chủ (“independent; self-supporting”).