自家

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	home; family; ‑ist home; family; ‑ist; ‑er; ‑ian; measure word for stores and schools
simp. and trad. (自家)		自	家

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zìjiā

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄚ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): zi⁴ jia¹

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): зыҗя (zɨži͡a, III-0)
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ gaa¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chhi-kâ / chhṳ-kâ / chhit-kâ / chhì-kâ / chhi̍t-kâ

(Hailu, HRS): cid ga^ˋ / cii^˖ ga^ˋ

(Meixian, Guangdong): ci² ga¹ / ci⁴ ga¹
Jin (Wiktionary): zi³ jia¹
Eastern Min (BUC): cê-gă
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chū-ka
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶zy-ka₁
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr⁵ ga

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìjiā
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄚ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjia
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chia¹
  - Yale: dz̀-jyā
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjia
  - Palladius: цзыцзя (czyczja)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zi⁴ jia¹
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zgia
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹³ t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: зыҗя (zɨži͡a, III-0)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁴⁴ t͡ɕia⁰/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ gaa¹
  - Yale: jih gā
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ gaa¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ ga¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² kaː⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhi-kâ / chhṳ-kâ / chhit-kâ / chhì-kâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: qi ga^ˊ / cii ga^ˊ / qid^ˋ ga^ˊ / qi^ˇ ga^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qi⁴ ga¹ / ci⁴ ga¹ / qid⁵ ga¹ / qi² ga¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi⁵⁵ ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰit̚² ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰi¹¹ ka²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhi-kâ / chhṳ-kâ / chhit-kâ / chhi̍t-kâ
  - Hakka Romanization System: qi ga^ˊ / cii ga^ˊ / qid^ˋ ga^ˊ / qid ga^ˊ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: qi⁴ ga¹ / ci⁴ ga¹ / qid⁵ ga¹ / qid⁶ ga¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi⁵⁵ ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰit̚² ka²⁴/, /t͡sʰit̚⁵ ka²⁴/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: cid ga^ˋ / cii^˖ ga^ˋ
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰit⁵⁻² ka⁵³/, /t͡sʰɨ³³ ka⁵³/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ci² ga¹ / ci⁴ ga¹
  - Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩¹¹ ka⁴⁴/, /t͡sʰz̩⁵³ ka⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: zi³ jia¹
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sz̩⁴⁵ t͡ɕia¹¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cê-gă
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)a⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-ka
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-ka
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxkaf
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶zy-ka₁
  - MiniDict: zy^去 ka^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr-ka₁
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²² ka⁴⁴/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zz̩²³ kɑ¹¹/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zr⁵ ga
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩²¹⁻¹¹ ka̠³/

Middle Chinese: dzijH kae

Rime
Character	自	家
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	麻 (98)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	II
Fanqie	疾二切	古牙切
Baxter	dzijH	kae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪ^H/	/kˠa/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zi^H/	/kᵚa/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪ^H/	/ka/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zi^H/	/kaɨ/
Li Rong	/d͡zi^H/	/ka/
Wang Li	/d͡zi^H/	/ka/
Bernhard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi^H/	/ka/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	jiā
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi⁶	gaa¹

Pronoun

自家

(literary or dialectal) oneself
我自家去買。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
我自家去买。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
Nguāi cê-gă kó̤-mā̤. / [ŋuai³³ t͡si²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)a⁵⁵ kʰo²¹³⁻⁵³ mɛ³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
I will buy it by myself.

跋倒，自家爬起。 [Eastern Min, trad. and simp.]
Buăk-dō̤, cê-gă bà kī>ī. / [puaʔ⁵⁻³³ to³³ t͡si²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(k-)a⁵⁵ pa⁵³ i³³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
If you fall, stand up yourself.

自家個功課好自家做。 [Shanghainese, trad.]
自家个功课好自家做。 [Shanghainese, simp.]
⁶zy-ka₁-gheq₈ ¹kon-khu₅ ⁵hau ⁶zy-ka₁ ⁵tsu [Wugniu]
Do your own homework.

Synonyms

edit

個人 / 个人 (gèrén)
各人 (gèrén) (dialectal)
本人 (běnrén)
本身 (běnshēn) (usually of objects and concepts)
本身人 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
現人 / 现人 (Hokkien)
自個 / 自个 (zìgě) (colloquial)
自己 (zìjǐ)
自我 (zìwǒ)
自身 (zìshēn)

Dialectal synonyms of 自己 (“oneself”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		己, 自己, 自家
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		自己
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	自個兒, 自己個兒, 各個兒, 一個兒
	Taiwan	自己
	Harbin	自家
	Malaysia	自己
	Singapore	自己
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	自家, 自個兒
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	自己
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	自己
	Wanrong	各人
	Xi'an	自個兒, 自己個兒
	Xuzhou	自個兒
Lanyin Mandarin	Ürümqi	自家
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	自家, 各人, 自己
	Wuhan	自家, 自己
	Guiyang	自家
	Guilin	自己
	Liuzhou	自己
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	自簡, 自己
Jianghuai Mandarin	Hefei	自家
Cantonese	Guangzhou	自己
	Hong Kong	自己
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	自己
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	自家
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	自己
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	自己
	Macau	自己
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	自己
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	自己
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	自己
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	自己
	Foshan	自己
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	自己
	Foshan (Shunde)	自己
	Foshan (Sanshui)	自己
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	自己
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	自己
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	自己
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	自己
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	自己
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	自己
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	自己
	Taishan	自己
	Kaiping (Chikan)	自己
	Enping (Niujiang)	自己
	Heshan (Yayao)	自己
	Dongguan	自己
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	自己
	Qingyuan	自己
	Fogang	自己
	Yingde (Hanguang)	自己
	Yangshan	自己
	Lianshan (Butian)	自己
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	自家
	Shaoguan	自己
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	自己
	Renhua	自己
	Lechang	自己
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	自己
	Sihui	自己
	Guangning	自己
	Deqing	自己
	Huaiji	自己
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	自己
	Yunfu	己己
	Xinxing	自己
	Luoding	自己
	Yunan (Pingtai)	自己
	Yangjiang	自己
	Xinyi	自己
	Maoming (Xinpo)	自己
	Lianjiang	自己
	Nanning	自己
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	自家
	Hepu (Shatian)	自己
	Guiping	自己
	Mengshan (Xihe)	自己
	Guigang (Nanjiang)	自己
	Beiliu (Tangliao)	自己
	Baise	自己
	Bobai	自己
	Lingshan	自己
	Pubei	獨家
	Qinzhou	自己
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	自家
Beihai	自己
Beihai (Nankang)	自家
Beihai (Yingpan)	自家
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	自己
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	自己
Ningming	自己
Hengzhou	自己
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	本人
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	自己
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	自己
Singapore (Guangfu)	自己
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	自己
Móng Cái	自己
Gan	Nanchang	自簡
	Lichuan	自家
	Pingxiang	自己, 自家
Hakka	Meixian	自家
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	自家
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	自家
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	自家
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	自家
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	自家
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	自己
	Wengyuan	自家
	Liannan	自己
	Jiexi	自家
	Luhe	自家
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	自家
	Changting	自家
	Wuping (Yanqian)	自家
	Ninghua	自家
	Yudu	自家
	Ningdu	自家
	Tonggu (Sandu)	自家
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	自家
	Dayu	自家
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	自家
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	自家
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	自家
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	自家
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	自家
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	自家
	Hong Kong	自家
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	自家
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	自己
	Xinyi (Sihe)	自家
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	自家
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	自己
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	自家
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	自己
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	自家, 自己
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	自己
	Mengshan (Xihe)	自家
	Luchuan	自家
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	自家
	Mashan (Pianlian)	自家
	Senai (Huiyang)	自家
	Kuching (Hepo)	自家
Huizhou	Jixi	自家
Jin	Taiyuan	自己, 自家
Jin	Xinzhou	自家, 各人
Northern Min	Jian'ou	自自
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	自自
	Songxi	臧自
	Zhenghe	自自
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	自自
	Jianyang	自
	Wuyishan	自
	Pucheng (Shibei)	獨自
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	自家
	Fuzhou (Changle)	自家
	Lianjiang	自家
	Fuqing	自家
	Pingtan	自家
	Yongtai	自家
	Minqing	自家
	Gutian	自家
	Pingnan	自家
	Luoyuan	自家
	Fu'an	自儕
	Ningde	自家
	Shouning	自儕
	Zhouning	自儕
	Fuding	家自
Southern Min	Xiamen	家己
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	家己
	Quanzhou	家己
	Jinjiang	家己
	Nan'an	家己
	Shishi	家己
	Hui'an	家己
	Anxi	家己
	Yongchun	家己
	Dehua	家己
	Zhangzhou	家己
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	家己
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	家己
	Hua'an	家己
	Nanjing	家己
	Pinghe	家己
	Zhangpu	家己
	Yunxiao	家己
	Zhao'an	家己
	Dongshan	家己
	Taipei	家己
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	家己
	Kaohsiung	家己
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	家己
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	家己
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	家己
	Yilan	家己
	Changhua (Lukang)	家己
	Taichung	家己
	Tainan	家己
	Hsinchu	家己
	Kinmen	家己
	Penghu (Magong)	家己
	Penang (Hokkien)	家己
	Singapore (Hokkien)	家己
	Manila (Hokkien)	家己
	Medan (Hokkien)	家己
	Longyan	自家
	Zhangping	家己, 己家
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	己家
	Datian	家己
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	自己
	Chaozhou	家己, 家己儂
	Shantou	家己
	Shantou (Chenghai)	家己
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	家己
	Jieyang	家己
	Lufeng	家己
	Haifeng	家己
	Bangkok (Teochew)	家己
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	家己
	Ho Chi Minh City (Teochew)	家己
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	家己
	Singapore (Teochew)	家己
	Pontianak (Teochew)	家己
	Leizhou	家己
	Wenchang	家己
	Haikou	家己
	Qionghai	家己
	Singapore (Hainanese)	家己
Puxian Min	Putian	家己
Puxian Min	Xianyou	家己
Central Min	Yong'an	你儕
Central Min	Sanming (Shaxian)	家自
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	自家
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	自己
Shehua	Fu'an	自家
	Fuding	自家
	Luoyuan	自家
	Sanming	自家
	Shunchang	自家
	Hua'an	自家
Wu	Shanghai	自家
	Shanghai (Chongming)	自家
	Suzhou	自家
	Wuxi	自家
	Danyang	自家
	Hangzhou	自家
	Ningbo	自家
	Wenzhou	自
	Lishui	自
	Qingyuan	自
	Jinhua	自
Xiang	Changsha	自家
	Loudi	自家
	Shuangfeng	自家, 自己

Derived terms

大自家
自家人 (zìjiārén)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	家
じ Grade: 2	か Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じか [jíꜜkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑika̠]

Noun

自(じ)家(か) • (jika)

one's own house
Synonym: 自宅 (jitaku)
oneself

Derived terms

References

^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	家

Noun

自家 • (jaga) (hangeul 자가)

hanja form^? of 자가

[NHK-1] NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

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