Wiktionary

茶

See also: 苶 and 荼
茶 U+8336, 茶
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8336
← 茵
[U+8335] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 茷 →
[U+8337]

茶 U+F9FE, 茶
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9FE
← 什
[U+F9FD] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 刺 →
[U+F9FF]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
 

Han character

edit

茶 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿人木 (TOD), four-corner 44904, composition ⿳艹𠆢朩(GV) or ⿳艹𠆢木(HTJK))

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1029, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30915
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1488, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3207, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8336

Chinese

edit
trad. 茶
simp. # 茶
alternative forms 荼
𦯬
𣘻
𣗪
𦹍
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin

edit
Characters in the same phonetic series (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斜 *lja, *laː
茶 *rlaː
荼 *rlaː, *ɦlja, *l'aː
梌 *rlaː, *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
搽 *rlaː
塗 *rlaː, *l'aː
佘 *ɦlja
賒 *hljaː
畬 *hljaː, *la
舍 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
捨 *hljaːʔ
騇 *hljaːʔ, *hljaːs
涻 *hljaːs
稌 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰaːʔ
悇 *l̥ʰaː, *l̥ʰas, *las
庩 *l̥ʰaː
捈 *l̥ʰaː, *l'aː
途 *l'aː
酴 *l'aː
駼 *l'aː
鵌 *l'aː, *la
涂 *l'aː, *l'a
嵞 *l'aː
峹 *l'aː
筡 *l'aː, *l̥ʰa
蒤 *l'aː
徐 *lja
俆 *lja
敘 *ljaʔ
漵 *ljaʔ
除 *l'a, *l'as
篨 *rla
滁 *rla
蒢 *rla
蜍 *ɦlja, *la
鵨 *hljaː
瑹 *hlja
余 *la
餘 *la
艅 *la
狳 *la
雓 *la
悆 *las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *rlaː) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 余 (OC *la).

茶, then slightly modified into a more conservative 茶, originates as a graphical modification of archaic 荼 (*rlaː, “bitter plant”), used for “tea” in classical sources. The modern version is unrelated to the bottom component of 條.

Etymology

edit

As tea may have originated from Sichuan, where the native Yi people speak Loloish languages, Sagart (1999) suggests that the Old Chinese item was possibly originally borrowed from Proto-Loloish *la¹ (“tea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea”). Schuessler (2007) traces its ultimate origin to Proto-Austroasiatic *slaʔ (“leaf”) (in Sidwell's 2024 reconstruction).

Alternatively, Qiu (1988) suggests that it might be a semantic extension of 荼 (*rlaː, “bitter plant”).

Pronunciation

edit
Note:
  • dor2 - vernacular;
  • tâ, ca2 - literary.
Note:
  • tê/têe - vernacular;
  • tâ, chhâ - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 茶
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰa³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
Tianjin /t͡sʰɑ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁴²/
Xi'an /t͡sʰa²⁴/
Xining /t͡sʰa²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵³/
Ürümqi /t͡sʰa⁵¹/
Wuhan /t͡sʰa²¹³/
Chengdu /t͡sʰa³¹/
Guiyang /t͡sʰa²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠³¹/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰɑ²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰa⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰa¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sɑ¹³/
Hohhot /t͡sʰa³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zo²³/
Suzhou /zo¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zɑ²¹³/
Wenzhou /d͡zo³¹/
Hui Shexian /t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
Tunxi /t͡sɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /t͡sa¹³/
Xiangtan /d͡zɒ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sʰɑ²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰa¹¹/
Taoyuan /t͡sʰɑ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰa²¹/
Nanning /t͡sʰa²¹/
Hong Kong /t͡sʰa²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /ta³⁵/
/te³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /ta⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /ta³³/
Shantou (Teochew) /te⁵⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdɛ³¹/
Rime
Character 茶
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 麻 (98)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 宅加切
Baxter drae
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖˠa/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡa/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖaɨ/
Li
Rong 		/ȡa/
Wang
Li 		/ȡa/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		caa4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 茶
Reading # 1/1
No. 15747
Phonetic
component 		余
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		𡨀
Old
Chinese 		/*rlaː/
Notes 俗𣘻字，荼轉註分化字

Definitions

edit

茶

  1. tea (plant, leaves)
    種茶／种茶  ―  zhòng chá  ―  to grow tea
  2. tea (beverage made by infusing tea leaves in hot water) (Classifier: 杯; 壺／壶)
    綠茶／绿茶  ―  lǜchá  ―  green tea
    沏茶  ―  qīchá  ―  to make tea
    一杯茶  ―  yī bēi chá  ―  a cup of tea
  3. certain kinds of beverage or liquid food
    涼茶／凉茶  ―  liángchá  ―  Chinese herb tea
    冬瓜茶  ―  dōngguāchá  ―  winter melon punch
    杏仁茶  ―  xìngrénchá  ―  almond tea
  4. Chinese medicine
    午時茶／午时茶  ―  wǔshíchá  ―  Afternoon Tea
  5. yum cha
    早茶  ―  zǎochá  ―  morning yum cha
    去茶樓飲餐茶 [Cantonese, trad.]
    去茶楼饮餐茶 [Cantonese, simp.]
    heoi3 caa4 lau4 jam2 caan1 caa4 [Jyutping]
    to go yumcha at a dim sum restaurant
  6. (obsolete) a moment (the time it takes to drink a cup of tea)
  7. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Xiang, Wu) boiled or boiling water
    吃茶 [Shanghainese]  ―  7chiq 6zo [Wugniu]  ―  to drink water
  8. a surname

Synonyms

edit
Dialectal synonyms of 茶葉 (“tea leaf”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 茶葉
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 茶葉, 茶
Taiwan 茶葉
Chengde 茶葉
Chifeng 茶葉, 茶
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 茶葉
Heihe 茶葉
Qiqihar 茶葉
Harbin 茶葉
Jiamusi 茶葉, 茶
Baicheng 茶葉
Changchun 茶葉, 茶
Tonghua 茶葉
Shenyang 茶葉, 茶
Jinzhou 茶葉, 茶
Singapore 茶葉
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 茶葉
Tangshan 茶葉, 茶
Cangzhou 茶葉
Baoding 茶葉, 茶
Shijiazhuang 茶葉
Lijin 茶葉, 茶
Jinan 茶, 茶葉
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 茶葉
Dandong 茶葉, 茶
Yantai 茶葉
Yantai (Muping) 茶葉
Qingdao 茶葉
Zhucheng 茶葉
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 茶葉
Lingbao 茶葉兒
Jining 茶葉
Wanrong 茶葉
Linfen 茶葉
Shangqiu 茶葉
Yuanyang 茶
Zhengzhou 茶葉, 茶葉兒
Xinyang 茶葉
Baihe 茶葉, 茶
Xi'an 茶葉兒, 茶葉, 茶
Baoji 茶葉, 茶
Tianshui 茶葉
Xining 茶葉, 茶
Xuzhou 葉子, 茶葉
Fuyang 茶葉, 葉子
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 茶葉, 茶
Lanzhou 茶葉子, 茶葉, 茶
Dunhuang 茶葉
Hami 茶葉
Ürümqi 茶葉子, 茶葉
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 茶, 茶葉
Nanchong 茶葉
Dazhou 茶
Hanyuan 茶葉子
Xichang 茶葉, 茶
Zigong 茶葉兒
Chongqing 茶葉
Wuhan 茶葉
Yichang 茶葉, 茶
Xiangyang 茶葉, 茶
Tianmen 茶葉, 茶
Guiyang 茶葉
Zunyi 茶葉
Bijie 茶葉
Liping 茶葉
Zhaotong 茶葉
Dali 茶葉
Kunming 茶葉, 茶
Mengzi 茶葉
Guilin 茶葉
Liuzhou 茶葉
Jishou 茶葉
Changde 茶葉
Hanzhong 茶葉, 茶
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 茶葉
Yangzhou 茶葉
Lianyungang 茶葉, 茶
Lianshui 茶葉
Nantong 茶葉
Anqing 茶葉
Wuhu 茶葉
Hefei 茶葉
Hong'an 茶葉, 茶
Cantonese Guangzhou 茶葉
Hong Kong 茶葉
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 茶葉
Macau 茶葉
Guangzhou (Panyu) 茶葉
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 茶葉
Guangzhou (Conghua) 茶葉
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 茶葉
Foshan 茶葉
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 茶葉
Foshan (Shunde) 茶葉
Foshan (Sanshui) 茶葉
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 茶葉
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 茶葉
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 茶葉
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 茶葉
Zhuhai (Doumen) 茶葉
Jiangmen (Baisha) 茶葉
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 茶葉
Taishan 茶葉
Kaiping (Chikan) 茶葉
Enping (Niujiang) 茶葉
Heshan (Yayao) 茶葉
Dongguan 茶葉
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 茶葉
Qingyuan 茶葉
Fogang 茶葉
Yingde (Hanguang) 茶葉
Yangshan 茶葉
Lianshan (Butian) 茶葉
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 茶葉
Shaoguan 茶葉
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 茶葉
Renhua 茶葉
Lechang 茶葉
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 茶葉
Sihui 茶葉
Guangning 茶葉
Deqing 茶葉
Huaiji 茶葉
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 茶葉
Yunfu 茶葉
Xinxing 茶葉
Luoding 茶葉
Yunan (Pingtai) 茶葉
Xinyi 茶葉
Lianjiang 茶葉
Nanning 茶葉
Wuzhou 茶葉
Yulin 茶葉
Hepu (Lianzhou) 茶葉
Singapore (Guangfu) 茶葉
Gan Nanchang 茶葉
Lichuan 茶葉
Pingxiang 茶葉
Hakka Meixian 茶葉, 茶米
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 茶葉
Dongguan (Qingxi) 茶葉
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 茶葉
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 茶葉
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 茶葉
Wuhua (Huacheng) 茶葉
Wuhua (Changbu) 茶葉
Wuhua (Mianyang) 茶葉
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 茶葉
Jiexi 茶葉
Luhe 茶葉
Nanjing (Meilin) 茶葉
Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang) 茶米
Changting 茶葉
Longyan (Yongding) 茶葉
Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding) 茶葉
Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding) 茶葉
Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding) 茶葉
Wuping (Zhongshan) 茶葉
Liancheng (Peitian) 茶葉
Liancheng (Juxi) 茶葉
Liancheng (Zhongbao) 茶葉
Liancheng (Laiyuan) 茶箬
Yudu 茶葉
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 茶米
Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian) 茶葉, 茶米
Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian) 茶米
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 茶心
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 茶心
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 茶葉
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 茶心
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 茶米
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 茶米
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 茶米
Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping) 茶心
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 茶米
Luchuan (Daqiao) 茶葉
Singkawang 茶米
Bangkok (Meixian) 茶葉
Bangkok (Fengshun) 茶米
Huizhou Jixi 茶葉
Shexian 茶葉
Jin Taiyuan 茶葉
Yangyuan 茶葉
Datong 茶葉, 茶
Xinzhou 茶葉
Lüliang (Lishi) 茶葉
Changzhi 茶葉, 茶
Linhe 茶葉, 茶
Jining 茶葉, 茶
Hohhot 茶葉, 茶
Erenhot 茶葉, 茶
Pingshan 茶葉, 茶
Zhangjiakou 茶葉
Handan 茶葉
Linzhou 茶葉兒
Suide 茶葉, 茶
Northern Min Jian'ou 茶茗, 茶
Eastern Min Fuzhou 茶箬
Fuzhou (Changle) 茶箬
Fuqing 茶箬
Yongtai 茶箬
Gutian 茶箬
Fu'an 茶米
Ningde 茶米
Shouning 茶米
Zhouning 茶米
Fuding 茶箬
Matsu 茶箬
Singapore (Fuqing) 茶箬
Southern Min Xiamen 茶心, 茶箬, 茶米
Xiamen (Tong'an) 茶心
Quanzhou 茶心, 茶箬
Zhangzhou 茶箬, 茶米
Taipei 茶心, 茶米
New Taipei (Tamsui) 茶心, 茶米, 茶箬
New Taipei (Sanxia) 茶米
New Taipei (Pingxi) 茶米
Kaohsiung 茶心, 茶箬
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 茶心
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 茶心, 茶箬仔
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 茶心, 茶箬仔
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 茶心, 茶箬
Yilan 茶心, 茶米
Yilan (Luodong) 茶心, 茶米
Yilan (Toucheng) 茶心, 茶米
Changhua (Lukang) 茶心
Changhua (Yongjing) 茶箬, 茶米, 茶心
Taichung 茶米
Tainan 茶心
Tainan (Anping) 茶箬, 茶米
Hsinchu 茶米, 茶心
Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng) 茶心
Kinmen 茶心
Penghu (Magong) 茶心
Penghu (Xiyu) 茶心, 茶米, 茶箬
Singapore (Hokkien) 茶箬
Manila (Hokkien) 茶箬
Pingnan (Shangdu) 茶箬
Chaozhou 茶米, 茶香
Shantou 茶米
Jieyang 茶米
Haifeng 茶箬
Leizhou 茶箬 unprocessed, 茶芽 processed
Haikou 茶箬
Puxian Min Putian 茶箬, 茶心
Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang) 茶箬, 茶心
Xianyou 茶箬, 茶心
Central Min Yong'an 茶箬, 茶乾
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 茶箬
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 茶葉
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 茶葉
Wu Shanghai 茶葉
Shanghai (Chongming) 茶葉
Suzhou 茶葉
Danyang 茶葉
Hangzhou 茶葉
Ningbo 茶葉
Wenzhou 茶葉
Jinhua 茶葉
Xiang Changsha 茶葉子, 蝦子 humorous
Loudi 茶
Quanzhou 茶葉
Dialectal synonyms of 茶 (“tea (drink)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 茶, 檟, 蔎, 茗, 荈
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 茶
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 茶
Taiwan 茶
Harbin 茶
Malaysia 茶
Singapore 茶
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 茶
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 茶
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 茶
Wanrong 茶
Xi'an 茶
Xining 茶
Xuzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 茶
Lanzhou 茶
Ürümqi 茶
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 茶
Wuhan 茶
Guiyang 茶
Guilin 茶
Liuzhou 茶
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 茶
Yangzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
Nantong 茶葉茶
Hefei 茶
Cantonese Guangzhou 茶
Hong Kong 茶
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 夷茶
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 茶
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 茶葉茶
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 茶葉茶
Macau 茶
Guangzhou (Panyu) 茶
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 茶
Guangzhou (Conghua) 茶
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 茶
Foshan 茶
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 茶
Foshan (Shunde) 茶
Foshan (Sanshui) 茶
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 茶
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 茶
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 茶
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 茶
Zhuhai (Doumen) 茶
Jiangmen (Baisha) 茶
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 茶
Taishan 茶
Kaiping (Chikan) 茶
Enping (Niujiang) 茶
Heshan (Yayao) 茶
Dongguan 茶
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 茶
Yangjiang 茶
Beihai 茶
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 茶
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 茶
Singapore (Guangfu) 茶
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 茶
Gan Nanchang 茶, 茶葉茶
Lichuan 茶
Pingxiang 茶
Hakka Meixian 茶
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 茶
Dongguan (Qingxi) 茶
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 茶
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 茶
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 茶
Yudu 茶
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 茶
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 茶
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 茶
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 茶
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 茶
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 茶
Hong Kong 茶葉茶
Senai (Huiyang) 茶
Huizhou Jixi 茶
Jin Taiyuan 茶
Northern Min Jian'ou 茶
Eastern Min Fuzhou 茶
Fuqing 茶
Matsu 茶
Singapore (Fuqing) 茶
Southern Min Xiamen 茶
Quanzhou 茶
Zhangzhou 茶
Taipei 茶
New Taipei (Sanxia) 茶
Kaohsiung 茶
Yilan 茶
Changhua (Lukang) 茶
Taichung 茶
Tainan 茶
Hsinchu 茶
Kinmen 茶
Penghu (Magong) 茶
Penang (Hokkien) 茶
Singapore (Hokkien) 茶
Manila (Hokkien) 茶
Chaozhou 茶
Shantou 茶
Shantou (Chenghai) 茶
Shantou (Chaoyang) 茶
Jieyang 茶
Haifeng 茶
Bangkok (Teochew) 茶
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 茶
Singapore (Teochew) 茶
Pontianak (Teochew) 茶
Leizhou 茶
Wenchang 茶
Haikou 茶
Singapore (Hainanese) 茶
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 茶
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 茶
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 茶
Wu Shanghai 茶葉茶
Shanghai (Chongming) 茶葉茶
Suzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
Danyang 茶, 茶葉茶
Hangzhou 茶
Ningbo 茶, 茶葉茶
Wenzhou 茶, 茶葉茶
Jinhua 茶
Xiang Changsha 茶, 茶葉茶
Loudi 茶
Shuangfeng 茶
Hengyang 茶, 開水
Dialectal synonyms of 開水 (“boiled water”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 開水
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 開水
Taiwan 開水
Harbin 開水
Malaysia 滾水, 燒水
Singapore 白開水, 開水
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 開水
Jinan 開水
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 開水
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 開水, 滾水
Wanrong 滾水
Xi'an 開水
Xining 開水
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 滾水
Ürümqi 開水, 滾水
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 開水, 滾水
Wuhan 開水
Guiyang 開水
Guilin 開水
Liuzhou 開水
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 開水
Yangzhou 開水, 茶
Xinghua 開水, 滾水, 透水
Hefei 開水
Cantonese Guangzhou 滾水, 茶
Hong Kong 滾水
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 滾水
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 滾水
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 滾水
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 滾水
Macau 滾水
Guangzhou (Panyu) 滾水
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 滾水
Guangzhou (Conghua) 滾水
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 滾水
Foshan 滾水
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 滾水
Foshan (Shunde) 滾水
Foshan (Sanshui) 滾水
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 滾水
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 滾水
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 滾水
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 滾水
Zhuhai (Doumen) 滾水
Jiangmen (Baisha) 滾水
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 滾水
Taishan 滾水
Kaiping (Chikan) 滾水
Enping (Niujiang) 滾水
Heshan (Yayao) 滾水
Dongguan 滾水
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 滾水
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 滾水
Qingyuan 滾水
Fogang 滾水
Yingde (Hanguang) 滾水
Yangshan 滾水
Lianshan (Butian) 滾水
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 滾水
Shaoguan 開水
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 滾水
Renhua 開心水
Lechang 開水
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 滾水
Sihui 滾水
Guangning 滾水
Deqing 滾水
Huaiji 滾水
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 滾水
Yunfu 滾水
Xinxing 滾水
Luoding 滾水
Yunan (Pingtai) 滾水
Yangjiang 滾水
Xinyi 滾水
Maoming (Xinpo) 滾水
Lianjiang 滾水
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 滾水
Nanning 滾水
Wuzhou 滾水
Yulin 滾水
Hepu (Lianzhou) 滾水
Guiping 開水
Mengshan (Xihe) 滾水
Guigang (Nanjiang) 滾水
Beiliu (Tangliao) 滾水
Baise 開水
Bobai 滾水
Lingshan 滾水
Pubei 滾水
Qinzhou 滾水
Beihai 滾水
Ningming 開水
Hengzhou 泡心水
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 開水
Gan Nanchang 開水, 茶
Pengze 滾水
Yanshan (Hekou) 濺水
Lichuan 開水, 茶
Pingxiang 開水, 茶
Hakka Meixian 滾水, 沸水 dated
Xingning 沸水
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 滾水
Huiyang 沸水
Huidong (Daling) 沸水
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 開水
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 沸水
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 沸水
Wuhua (Huacheng) 沸水, 滾水
Wuhua (Changbu) 沸水
Wuhua (Mianyang) 沸水
Heyuan (Bendihua) 滾水
Wengyuan 滾水
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 滾開水
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 滾水
Liannan 滾水
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 滾水
Jiexi 滾水
Luhe 滾水
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 滾水
Changting 滾水
Wuping 滾水
Wuping (Yanqian) 茶, 滾水
Wuping (Pingyu) 滾水
Liancheng 滾湯
Ninghua 滾水
Yudu 開水, 滾湯, 滾水
Ningdu 開水
Ruijin 煎湯
Shicheng 滾水, 煎水
Shangyou (Shexi) 爆水
Tonggu (Sandu) 開水
Ganzhou (Panlong) 開水
Dayu 翻心水
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 滾水
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 滾水
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 滾水
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 滾水
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 滾水
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 滾水
Hong Kong 沸水
Yangxi (Tangkou) 滾水
Yangchun (Sanjia) 滾水
Xinyi (Sihe) 滾水
Xinyi (Qianpai) 滾水
Gaozhou (Xindong) 滾水, 開水
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 滾水
Huazhou (Xin'an) 滾水
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 滾水
Lianjiang (Qingping) 滾水
Mengshan (Xihe) 滾水
Luchuan 滾水
Luchuan (Daqiao) 開水
Beiliu (Tang'an) 開水
Mashan (Pianlian) 開水
Senai (Huiyang) 滾水, 沸水 dated
Singkawang 滾水
Huizhou Jixi 滾水, 開水
Jin Taiyuan 開水, 滾水
Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou) 開水, 熬水
Xinzhou 滾水
Northern Min Jian'ou 滾湯, 開水
Jian'ou (Dikou) 滾湯
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 滾湯
Pucheng (Shibei) 沸水, 茶
Eastern Min Fuzhou 開水, 滾湯
Gutian 開水
Southern Min Xiamen 滾水
Xiamen (Tong'an) 滾水
Quanzhou 滾水
Zhangzhou 滾水
Taipei 白茶, 滾水
New Taipei (Sanxia) 滾水
Kaohsiung 滾水
Yilan 滾水
Changhua (Lukang) 滾水
Taichung 滾水
Tainan 滾水
Hsinchu 滾水
Kinmen 滾水
Penghu (Magong) 滾水
Penang (Hokkien) 滾水
Singapore (Hokkien) 滾水
Manila (Hokkien) 滾水
Pingnan (Shangdu) 開水
Guilin (Biyange) 滾水
Chaozhou 滾水
Shantou 滾水
Shantou (Chenghai) 滾水
Jieyang 滾水
Haifeng 滾水
Leizhou 沸水
Wenchang 沸水
Haikou 沸水
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 沸水
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 滾水
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 開水
Guilin (Liutang, Lingui) 開水
Lingchuan (Sanjie) 開水
Lingchuan (Shuangzhou) 開水
Shehua Fu'an 沸水
Fuding 沸水
Luoyuan 沸水
Sanming 沸水
Shunchang 沸水
Hua'an 沸水
Guixi (Zhangping) 沸水
Cangnan 沸水
Jingning (Hexi) 沸水
Lishui 沸水
Longyou 沸湯
Chaozhou 滾水
Fengshun 滾水
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 開水
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 開水
Luxi (Liangjiatan) 開水
Wu Shanghai 開水, 茶水, 滾水, 滾湯
Shanghai (Chongming) 茶
Suzhou 開水, 茶, 滾水
Danyang 開水, 滾水, 茶
Hangzhou 開水
Ningbo 開水, 滾水, 茶
Wenzhou 開水, 茶湯
Jinhua 開水, 滾湯, 茶
Xiang Changsha 開水, 茶, 滾水子
Loudi 開水, 滾水
Shuangfeng 開水
Hengyang 開水
Quanzhou 開水
Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao) 開水, 滾水

Compounds

edit

Descendants

edit
Sino-Xenic (茶):
  • → Japanese: 茶(ちゃ) (cha) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Okinawan: 茶(ちゃー) (chā)
  • → Korean: 차(茶) (cha)
  • → Vietnamese: trà (茶)

Others:

  • → Cantonese: 嗲 (de1, “to chat”) (via Teochew)
  • →? Cebuano: tsa (via Cantonese)
  • → Classical Persian: چَا (čā) (via Mandarin), چَای (čāy) (via Mandarin, with Persian suffix -y(i) added) (see there for further descendants)
  • → Drung: cha
  • → Dutch: thee (via Hokkien) (see there for further descendants)
  • → English: cha, char (via Cantonese)
  • → Hlai: dhe (via Hainanese)
  • → Khmer: តែ (tae)
  • → Malay: ca (via Cantonese)
  • → Malay: teh (via Hokkien)
    • Indonesian: teh
  • → Mongolian: цай (caj), ᠴᠠᠢ (čai) (via Mandarin)
  • → Portuguese: chá (via Cantonese)
  • → Punjabi: (via Mandarin)
    Gurmukhi script: ਚਾਹ (cāh)
    Shahmukhi script: چاہ (cāh)
  • → Spanish: té (via Hokkien)
    • → Asturian: té
    • → Basque: te
    • → Catalan: te
    • → Galician: té
    • → Navajo: dééh
    • → Occitan: tè
  • → Proto-Tai: *ɟaːᴬ
  • →? Tagalog: tsa (via Cantonese)
  • → Tibetan: ཇ (ja)
  • → Vietnamese: chè (茶, 𦷨)
  • → Yonaguni: さー

References

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit
茶

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. tea

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: じゃ (ja)←ぢや (dya, historical)
  • Kan-on: た (ta)
  • Tō-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
  • Kan’yō-on: ちゃ (cha, Jōyō)

Compounds

edit
Compounds

Etymology

edit
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
 
茶 (cha): a cup of tea.
Kanji in this term
茶
ちゃ
Grade: 2
kan'yōon

From various lects of Middle Chinese 茶 (MC drae). Compare Mandarin 茶 (chá), Hakka 茶 (chhà), Cantonese 茶 (caa4). Doublet of チャイ (chai).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

茶(ちゃ) • (cha) 

  1. tea
    Synonym: 茗 (mei)
  2. Synonym of 茶の木 (cha no ki, “tea plant, Camellia sinensis”)
  3. brown

Usage notes

edit
  • This term is not used on its own in modern Japanese. For the tea sense, this is used either with the honorific prefix お (o-), as お茶(ちゃ) (ocha), or in a compound such as 茎(くき)茶(ちゃ) (kukicha, literally “stem tea”) or 緑(りょく)茶(ちゃ) (ryokucha, “green tea”).
    お茶(ちゃ)はいかがですか。
    Ocha wa ikaga desuka.
    How about some tea? (Would you like some tea?)
  • For the brown sense, this is used with the color suffix 色(いろ) (iro), as in 茶(ちゃ)色(いろ) (chairo, “brown”, literally “tea color”).

Derived terms

edit
Derived terms

Descendants

edit

See also

edit

References

edit
  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Early Mandarin 茶 (*tʂʰaᴸᴸ). Compare Mandarin 茶 (chá), Hakka 茶 (chhà), Cantonese 茶 (caa4).

Pronunciation

edit

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

茶 (eumhun 차 차 (cha cha))

  1. hanja form? of 차 (“tea”)

Usage notes

edit
  • This reading is used as a standalone word to mean "tea."

Compounds

edit
Compounds

Etymology 2

edit

From Middle Chinese 茶 (ɖˠa).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 땅 (Yale: ttà)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 차 (Yale: chà) 다 (Yale: tà)

Pronunciation

edit

Hanja

edit

茶 (eumhun 차 다 (cha da))

  1. (only in compounds) hanja form? of 다 (“tea”)
  2. (only in compounds) hanja form? of 다 (“brown”)

Compounds

edit
Compounds

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

茶: Hán Việt readings: trà[1][2][3][4][5][6]
茶: Nôm readings: trà[1][2][3], chè[1][2][3], chà[1], sà[1], già[1][2], chòe/choè[1][2]

  1. chữ Hán form of trà (“tea”).
  2. Nôm form of chè (“tea”).

References

edit
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Trần (1999).
  5. ^ Nguyễn (1974).
  6. ^ Thiều Chửu (1942).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=茶&oldid=82874285"
  NODES
chat 4
Note 9