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Translingual
editHan character
edit衝 (Kangxi radical 144, 行+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹人竹土弓 (HOHGN), four-corner 21104, composition ⿴行重 or ⿲彳重亍)
Derived characters
editRelated characters
edit- 冲 (Simplified Chinese) - Note: also the simplified form of 沖
References
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1110, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34069
- Dae Jaweon: page 1574, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 843, character 2
- Unihan data for U+885D
Chinese
edittrad. | 衝 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 冲* | |
alternative forms | 𧘂 |
Glyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 衝 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
撞 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
幢 | *rdoːŋ, *rdoːŋs |
橦 | *rdoːŋ, *doːŋ, *tjoŋ |
噇 | *rdoːŋ |
𩪘 | *rdoːŋ |
艟 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
憧 | *rdoːŋs, *tʰjoŋ |
畽 | *tʰoːnʔ, *tʰuːnʔ |
董 | *toːŋʔ |
蕫 | *toːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
箽 | *toːŋʔ |
懂 | *toːŋʔ |
湩 | *toːŋs, *tuːŋʔ, *toŋs |
曈 | *tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ |
童 | *doːŋ |
僮 | *doːŋ |
瞳 | *doːŋ |
罿 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
犝 | *doːŋ |
潼 | *doːŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
穜 | *doːŋ, *doŋ |
動 | *doːŋʔ |
慟 | *doːŋs |
堹 | *toŋs |
諥 | *toŋs |
蹱 | *tʰoŋ, *tʰoŋs, *tjoŋ |
重 | *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs |
緟 | *doŋ, *doŋs |
蝩 | *doŋ |
褈 | *doŋ, *tʰjoŋ |
鐘 | *tjoŋ, *tjoŋ |
鍾 | *tjoŋ |
籦 | *tjoŋ |
種 | *tjoŋʔ, *tjoŋs |
腫 | *tjoŋʔ |
踵 | *tjoŋʔ |
歱 | *tjoŋʔ |
喠 | *tjoŋʔ, *tʰjoŋʔ |
偅 | *tjoŋs |
衝 | *tʰjoŋ |
揰 | *tʰjoŋs |
尰 | *djoŋʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰjoŋ) : semantic 行 + phonetic 重 (OC *doŋ, *doŋʔ, *doŋs).
Pronunciation 1
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cung1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûng
- Eastern Min (BUC): chṳ̆ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1tshon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chong
- Wade–Giles: chʻung1
- Yale: chūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
- Palladius: чун (čun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung1
- Yale: chūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung1
- Guangdong Romanization: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cung1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chṳ̆ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰyŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chhiong - literary;
- cheng - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: tsyhowng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tʰoŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tʰjoŋ/
Definitions
edit衝
- to go straight ahead; to rush; to charge; to dash
- to clash; to collide
- 梁麗可以衝城,而不可以窒穴,言殊器也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE
- Liánglì kěyǐ chōng chéng, ér bù kěyǐ zhì xué, yán shū qì yě. [Pinyin]
- A battering ram may be used against the wall of a city, but it cannot be employed to stop up a hole - the uses of implements are different.
梁丽可以冲城,而不可以窒穴,言殊器也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- thoroughfare; important place
Synonyms
edit- (to collide):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 撞 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 撞 |
Taiwan | 撞 | |
Malaysia | 撞 | |
Singapore | 撞 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 碰, 撞 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 撞 |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 撞 |
Wuhan | 闖, 撞 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 撞 |
Hefei | 撞, 鏨 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 撞 |
Hong Kong | 撞 | |
Yangjiang | 揰, 撞 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 撞 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 鄧, 撞 |
Hakka | Meixian | 撞 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 撞, 碰 |
Northern Min | Jian'ou | 摏 |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 㨂, 碰 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 衝, 挵 |
Quanzhou | 衝, 挵 | |
Zhangzhou | 衝, 挵 | |
Tainan | 衝, 挵 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 挵 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 挵 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 衝, 挵 | |
Chaozhou | 撞 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 撞, 挵 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 撞 |
Wenzhou | 撞 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 撞, 摜 |
Shuangfeng | 撞 |
Compounds
edit- 一衝一撞 / 一冲一撞
- 一飛衝天 / 一飞冲天
- 俯衝 / 俯冲 (fǔchōng)
- 價值衝突 / 价值冲突
- 六衝 / 六冲
- 厭難折衝 / 厌难折冲
- 反衝力 / 反冲力 (fǎnchōnglì)
- 大衝 / 大冲 (dàchōng)
- 天剋地衝 / 天克地冲
- 左衝右突 / 左冲右突 (zuǒchōngyòutū)
- 怒氣衝衝 / 怒气冲冲
- 怒髮衝冠 / 怒发冲冠 (nùfàchōngguān)
- 折衝 / 折冲 (zhéchōng)
- 折衝厭難 / 折冲厌难
- 折衝樽俎 / 折冲樽俎 (zhéchōngzūnzǔ)
- 折衝禦侮 / 折冲御侮
- 撞陣衝軍 / 撞阵冲军
- 東衝西突 / 东冲西突
- 梯衝 / 梯冲
- 橫衝直撞 / 横冲直撞 (héngchōngzhízhuàng)
- 沖神 / 冲神
- 沖罐 / 冲罐
- 渠衝 / 渠冲
- 猛衝 / 猛冲
- 緩衝 / 缓冲 (huǎnchōng)
- 緩衝區 / 缓冲区 (huǎnchōngqū)
- 緩衝地帶 / 缓冲地带
- 脈衝 / 脉冲 (màichōng)
- 脈衝式 / 脉冲式
- 脈衝星 / 脉冲星 (màichōngxīng)
- 艨衝 / 艨冲
- 蒙衝 / 蒙冲
- 衝冠 / 冲冠
- 衝冠髮怒 / 冲冠发怒
- 衝出 / 冲出
- 衝刺 / 冲刺 (chōngcì)
- 衝剋 / 冲克
- 衝力 / 冲力 (chōnglì)
- 衝勁 / 冲劲
- 衝動 / 冲动 (chōngdòng)
- 衝卵 / 冲卵
- 衝口 / 冲口
- 衝口而出 / 冲口而出 (chōngkǒu'érchū)
- 衝口而發 / 冲口而发
- 衝堅陷陣 / 冲坚陷阵
- 衝州撞府 / 冲州撞府
- 衝心 / 冲心
- 衝摐 / 冲𪭢
- 衝撞 / 冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
- 衝擊 / 冲击 (chōngjī)
- 衝擊波 / 冲击波 (chōngjībō)
- 衝數 / 冲数
- 衝斷層 / 冲断层
- 衝殺 / 冲杀 (chōngshā)
- 衝決 / 冲决 (chōngjué)
- 衝波激浪 / 冲波激浪
- 衝波逆折 / 冲波逆折
- 衝浪 / 冲浪 (chōnglàng)
- 衝激 / 冲激
- 衝然 / 冲然
- 衝犯 / 冲犯
- 衝破 / 冲破 (chōngpò)
- 衝程 / 冲程
- 衝突 / 冲突 (chōngtū)
- 衝蓯 / 冲苁
- 衝要 / 冲要
- 衝量 / 冲量 (chōngliàng)
- 衝鋒 / 冲锋 (chōngfēng)
- 衝鋒槍 / 冲锋枪 (chōngfēngqiāng)
- 衝鋒陷陣 / 冲锋陷阵 (chōngfēngxiànzhèn)
- 衝陷 / 冲陷 (chōngxiàn)
- 衝頭陣 / 冲头阵
- 衝風 / 冲风
- 要衝 / 要冲 (yàochōng)
- 角色衝突 / 角色冲突
- 首當其衝 / 首当其冲 (shǒudāngqíchōng)
- 髮上衝冠 / 发上冲冠
- 髮踊衝冠 / 发踊冲冠
Descendants
edit- → Vietnamese: xông
Pronunciation 2
edittrad. | 衝 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 冲* | |
alternative forms | 凌 Hokkien |
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cung3
- Eastern Min (BUC): cháe̤ng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5tshon
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chòng
- Wade–Giles: chʻung4
- Yale: chùng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chonq
- Palladius: чун (čun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung3
- Yale: chung
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung3
- Guangdong Romanization: cung3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cháe̤ng
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔyŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- chhiòng - literary;
- chhèng - vernacular;
- chhiāng - ("to encounter").
Definitions
edit衝
- to face
- to punch; to stamp
- powerful; vigorous
- pungent; (of smell) strong
- towards; at; to
- in view of
- (Hokkien) to rise; to go up; to soar; to ascend
- (Hokkien, of smoke or water) to discharge; to gush; to burst out; to spout
- (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to scent; to odorize; to infuse with the scent of another
- (Hokkien) domineering; arrogant
- (Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) to collide; to impact; to run into; to hit
- (Hokkien) to bump into; to encounter; to meet accidentally
- (Hokkien, cooking) to simmer
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to generate; to yield; to produce (a certain result)
Synonyms
edit- (to encounter):
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 遇, 碰, 遭 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 遇, 碰 |
Malaysia | 遇, 碰 | |
Singapore | 遇, 碰 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 遇, 撞 |
Hong Kong | 遇, 撞 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 遇, 撞 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 遇 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 遇, 撞 |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 拄, 撞, 衝, 磅 |
Quanzhou | 拄, 撞, 衝 | |
Zhangzhou | 拄, 衝 | |
Tainan | 拄, 撞, 磅 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 拄 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 拄 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 拄, 遇 | |
Chaozhou | 遇, 堵 | |
Shantou | 遇 | |
Jieyang | 遇, 堵 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 堵 | |
Wu | Shanghai | 碰 |
Compounds
editJapanese
editKanji
edit衝
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Readings
edit- Go-on: しゅ (shu)←しゆ (syu, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)←しよう (syou, historical)
- Kun: つく (tsuku, 衝く)
Noun
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 衝 (MC tsyhowng).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 쵸ᇰ (Yale: chyong) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 츙 (chyung) (Yale: chyung) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰuŋ]
- Phonetic hangul: [충]
Hanja
edit衝 (eumhun 찌를 충 (jjireul chung))
Compounds
editCompounds
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit衝: Hán Nôm readings: xung, giong, tông, xong, xông, xúng
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading しゆ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading しよう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading つ・く
- Japanese lemmas
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