Wiktionary

討

See also: 讨
討 U+8A0E, 討
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8A0E
← 訍
[U+8A0D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 訏 →
[U+8A0F]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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討 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜口木戈 (YRDI), four-corner 04600, composition ⿰訁寸)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1147, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35231
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1614, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3940, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+8A0E

Chinese

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trad. 討
simp. 讨

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 討
Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Transcribed ancient scripts
 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *tʰuːʔ) : abbreviated phonetic 肘 (OC *tkuʔ) + semantic 言.

Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) : 言 (“speech”) + 寸 (“hand”) – rectify.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 討
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 豪 (89)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他浩切
Baxter thawX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑuX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑuX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰawX/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑuX/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑuX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑuX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tǎo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		tou2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 討
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tǎo
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thawX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[t]ʰˁuʔ/
English examine; denounce

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 討
Reading # 1/1
No. 12374
Phonetic
component 		討
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		討
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰuːʔ/
Notes 疑肘聲

Definitions

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討

  1. to send armed forces to suppress
  2. to denounce; to condemn
  3. to examine; to discuss
    商討／商讨  ―  shāngtǎo  ―  to discuss
  4. to ask for; to beg
    討飯吃／讨饭吃  ―  tǎo fàn chī  ―  to beg for food
    討回公道／讨回公道  ―  tǎohuígōngdào  ―  to seek justice
    討鈔票／讨钞票 [Shanghainese]  ―  5thau 5tshau-phiau5 [Wugniu]  ―  to beg for money
    雞母扒糞掃，無事討事做。 [Eastern Min, trad.]
    鸡母扒粪扫，无事讨事做。 [Eastern Min, simp.]
    Giĕ-mō̤ bà bóng-só̤, mò̤-dâi tō̤-dâi có̤. / [kie⁵⁵⁻⁵³ mo³³ pa⁵³ puŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ (s-)nɔ²¹³ mo⁵³⁻²¹ (t-)lɑi²⁴² tʰo³³⁻⁵⁵ (t-)lɑi²⁴² t͡sɔ²¹³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
    Have nothing else to do.
  5. to invite
    討人喜歡／讨人喜欢  ―  tǎo rén xǐhuān  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    討人厭／讨人厌  ―  tǎo rén yàn  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  6. to marry
  7. (Zhao'an Hakka) to want
  8. (Zhao'an Hakka) to be about to

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 找 (“to look for, to seek, to search for”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 求, 尋, 覓1
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 找, 尋找, 尋覓
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 找
Taiwan 找
Chengde 找
Chifeng 找
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 找
Heihe 找
Qiqihar 找
Harbin 找
Jiamusi 找
Baicheng 找
Changchun 找
Tonghua 找
Shenyang 找
Jinzhou 找
Malaysia 找
Singapore 找
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 找
Tangshan 找
Cangzhou 找
Baoding 找
Shijiazhuang 找
Lijin 找
Jinan 找
Jiaoliao Mandarin Dalian 找
Dandong 找
Yantai 找
Yantai (Muping) 找
Qingdao 找
Zhucheng 找
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 尋, 找
Lingbao 尋
Jining 找
Wanrong 尋
Linfen 尋
Shangqiu 找, 尋
Yuanyang 尋
Zhengzhou 找
Xinyang 找
Baihe 找
Xi'an 尋, 找
Baoji 找, 尋
Tianshui 找, 尋
Xining 尋
Xuzhou 找
Fuyang 找
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 找
Lanzhou 找
Dunhuang 找
Hami 找
Ürümqi 找
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 找
Nanchong 找
Dazhou 找
Hanyuan 找
Xichang 找
Zigong 找
Chongqing 找
Wuhan 找, 尋
Yichang 找
Xiangyang 找
Tianmen 找, 尋
Guiyang 找
Zunyi 找
Bijie 找
Liping 找
Zhaotong 找
Dali 找
Kunming 找
Mengzi 尾
Guilin 找
Liuzhou 找
Changde 找
Hanzhong 找
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 找
Yangzhou 找
Lianyungang 找
Lianshui 找
Nantong 找
Anqing 找
Wuhu 找
Hefei 找
Hong'an 找
Cantonese Guangzhou 搵2
Hong Kong 搵2
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 搵2
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 尋
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 搵2
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 搵2
Macau 搵2
Guangzhou (Panyu) 搵2
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 搵2
Guangzhou (Conghua) 搵2
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 搵2
Foshan 搵2
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 搵2
Foshan (Shunde) 搵2
Foshan (Sanshui) 搵2
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 搵2
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 搵2
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 搵2
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 搵2
Zhuhai (Doumen) 搵2
Jiangmen (Baisha) 搵2
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 搵2
Taishan 搵2, 搵3
Kaiping (Chikan) 搵2, 搵3
Enping (Niujiang) 搵2
Heshan (Yayao) 搵2
Dongguan 搵2
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 尋, 搵2
Qingyuan 搵2
Fogang 搵2
Yingde (Hanguang) 搵2
Yangshan 搵2
Shaoguan 搵2
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 搵2
Renhua 搵2
Lechang 搵2
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 搵2
Sihui 搵2
Guangning 搵2
Deqing 搵2
Huaiji 搵2
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 搵2
Yunfu 搵2
Xinxing 搵2
Luoding 搵2
Yunan (Pingtai) 搵2
Yangjiang 搵2
Xinyi 搵2
Lianjiang 搵2
Wuchuan (Wuyang) 尋
Nanning 搵2
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 搵2
Penang (Guangfu) 搵2
Singapore (Guangfu) 搵2
Gan Nanchang 尋, 找
Lichuan 尋
Pingxiang 尋
Hakka Meixian 尋
Xingning 尋
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 尋
Huidong (Daling) 尋
Dongguan (Qingxi) 尋
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 尋
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 搵2
Heyuan (Bendihua) 尋
Zijin 尋
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 尋
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 尋
Liannan 尋
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 尋
Jiexi 尋
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 尋
Changting 尋
Wuping 尋
Wuping (Yanqian) 尋
Wuping (Pingyu) 尋
Liancheng 尋
Ninghua 尋
Yudu 尋
Ningdu 尋
Ruijin 尋
Shicheng 尋
Shangyou (Shexi) 尋
Tonggu (Sandu) 尋
Ganzhou (Panlong) 尋
Dayu 尋
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 尋
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 尋
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 尋
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 尋
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 尋
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 尋
Hong Kong 尋
Yangxi (Tangkou) 搵2, 跟
Yangchun (Sanjia) 搵2
Xinyi (Sihe) 跟
Xinyi (Qianpai) 跟
Gaozhou (Xindong) 跟
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 跟
Huazhou (Xin'an) 跟
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 跟
Lianjiang (Qingping) 跟
Mengshan (Xihe) 尋
Luchuan 尋
Senai (Huiyang) 尋
Huizhou Jixi 尋
Shexian 尋
Jin Taiyuan 尋, 找
Yangyuan 找, 尋
Datong 尋
Xinzhou 尋
Lüliang (Lishi) 尋
Changzhi 找, 尋
Linhe 找, 尋
Jining 找
Hohhot 找, 尋
Erenhot 找
Pingshan 找
Zhangjiakou 找
Handan 找
Linzhou 找
Suide 尋
Northern Min Jian'ou 撈
Songxi 撈
Zhenghe 撈
Jianyang 撈
Wuyishan 撈
Pucheng (Shibei) 撈
Eastern Min Fuzhou 討, 尋
Fuzhou (Changle) 討
Fuqing 討
Yongtai 討
Gutian 討, 撈
Pingnan 撈
Fu'an 揣
Ningde 尋
Xiapu 揣
Zherong 揣
Shouning 撈
Zhouning 揣
Fuding 揣
Matsu 討
Singapore (Fuqing) 討
Southern Min Xiamen 揣, 覓1
Xiamen (Tong'an) 揣
Quanzhou 揣, 覓1
Jinjiang 揣
Shishi 揣
Yongchun 揣
Zhangzhou 揣, 覓1
Zhao'an 揣
Taipei 揣
New Taipei (Sanxia) 揣
Kaohsiung 揣
Yilan 揣
Changhua (Lukang) 揣
Taichung 揣
Tainan 揣
Hsinchu 揣
Kinmen 揣
Penghu (Magong) 揣
Penang (Hokkien) 揣
Singapore (Hokkien) 揣
Manila (Hokkien) 揣
Longyan 揣
Datian 揣
Chaozhou 揣
Shantou 揣
Shantou (Chenghai) 揣
Shantou (Chaoyang) 揣
Jieyang 揣
Haifeng 揣
Bangkok (Teochew) 揣
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 揣
Singapore (Teochew) 揣
Leizhou 覓3
Wenchang 覓3, 揣
Haikou 覓3
Singapore (Hainanese) 覓3
Puxian Min Putian 揣
Central Min Yong'an 撈
Sanming (Sanyuan) 撈
Sanming (Shaxian) 撈
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 搵2
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 搵2
Wu Shanghai 尋
Shanghai (Chongming) 尋
Suzhou 尋
Kunshan 尋
Taicang 尋
Qidong 尋
Haimen (Sijia) 尋
Danyang 尋
Jingjiang 找
Huzhou 尋
Hangzhou 尋
Hangzhou (Xiaoshan) 尋
Tonglu (Wusheng) 尋
Zhuji 尋
Shengzhou 尋
Ningbo 尋
Cixi 尋
Wenzhou 尋
Jinhua 尋
Xiang Changsha 尋
Loudi 尋
Shuangfeng 尋
Dialectal synonyms of 要 (“to want (to do something)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 欲1
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 要, 欲1
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 要
Taiwan 要, 想
Malaysia 要
Singapore 要
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 要
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 要
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 要
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 要
Wuhan 要
Guilin 要
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 要
Hefei 要
Cantonese Guangzhou 要, 想
Hong Kong 要, 想
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 愛
Yangjiang 愛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 要, 想, 愛
Singapore (Guangfu) 要, 想
Gan Nanchang 要
Hakka Meixian 愛
Longmen (Luxi; Bendihua) 愛
Wuhua (Meilin) 愛
Zijin 愛
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 愛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 愛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 愛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 愛
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 愛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 愛, 討
Kuching (Hepo) 愛
Jin Taiyuan 要
Northern Min Jian'ou 讓
Eastern Min Fuzhou 欲3
Southern Min Xiamen 欲3
Quanzhou 欲3
Jinjiang 欲3
Zhangzhou 欲3
Taipei 欲3
New Taipei (Sanxia) 欲3
Kaohsiung 欲3
Yilan 欲3
Changhua (Lukang) 欲3
Taichung 欲3
Tainan 欲3
Hsinchu 欲3
Kinmen 欲3
Penghu (Magong) 欲3
Penang (Hokkien) 愛
Singapore (Hokkien) 愛, 欲3
Manila (Hokkien) 欲3, 愛
Medan (Hokkien) 愛
Chaozhou 愛
Shantou 愛
Haifeng 愛
Singapore (Teochew) 愛
Wenchang 欲3
Qionghai 欲3
Singapore (Hainanese) 欲3
Wu Shanghai 要
Suzhou 要
Wenzhou 愛
Lishui 樂
Xiang Changsha 要
Shuangfeng 要

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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討

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to chastise

Readings

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 討 (MC thawX).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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  • (to attack; to subjugate; etc.):
  • (to discuss; to debate; etc.):
    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tʰo̞(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [토(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

討 (eumhun 칠 토 (chil to))

  1. hanja form? of 토 (“to attack; to destroy”)
  2. hanja form? of 토 (“to subjugate; to subdue”)
  3. hanja form? of 토 (“to discuss; to debate”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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討: Hán Nôm readings: thảo

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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