Wiktionary

身

身 U+8EAB, 身
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8EAB
← 躪
[U+8EAA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 躬 →
[U+8EAC]
⾝ U+2F9D, ⾝
KANGXI RADICAL BODY
← ⾜
[U+2F9C] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾞ →
[U+2F9E]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character

edit
See images of
Radical 158 身

身 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹難竹 (HXH), four-corner 27400)

  1. Kangxi radical #158, ⾝.

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1237, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38034
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1709, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3807, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+8EAB

Chinese

edit
trad. 身
simp. # 身
2nd round simp. ⿻㇒力
alternative forms 𡰬
𨊘

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character 身
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (身) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
身 *qʰjin
銵 *kʰriːŋ

Pictogram (象形) : from a pictograph of a pregnant woman. See also the reversed version 㐆. Unrelated to 射.

Etymology 1

edit

STEDT relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *sja-n ~ *sin (“flesh; animal; body”), but recent Old Chinese reconstructions would not support this etymology.

Because 身 is used as a phonetic for 仁 (OC *niŋ) in excavated texts, Baxter and Sagart (2012, 2014) reconstruct the initial as nasal. This would allow for a comparison to Tibetan སྙིང (snying, “heart”), Japhug tɯsni (“heart”) (Baxter and Sagart, 2012; Zhang, Jacques and Lai, 2019), which are from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-n(j)i-k/ŋ (“heart; mind; brain”).

Pronunciation

edit
Note:
  • sin - literary;
  • sian - vernacular (as classifier).
Note:
  • sing1 - Chaozhou, Shantou;
  • sêng1 - Jieyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 身
Mandarin Beijing /ʂən⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂən⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʂən²¹/
/sən²¹/
Jinan /ʂẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʃə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂən²⁴/
Xi'an /ʂẽ²¹/
Xining /ʂə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʂə̃n³¹/
Ürümqi /ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /sən⁵⁵/
Chengdu /sən⁵⁵/
Guiyang /sen⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʂə̃⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʂən³¹/
Hefei /ʂən²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /səŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʂəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /səŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /sən⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /sen³³/
Wenzhou /saŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /ɕian¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʂən³³/
Xiangtan /sən³³/
Gan Nanchang /sɨn⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /sən⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ʃen²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɐn⁵³/
Nanning /sɐn⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /sɐn⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /sin⁵⁵/
/sian⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /siŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /seiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /siŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /tin²³/
Rime
Character 身
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 書 (26)
Final (韻) 眞 (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 失人切
Baxter syin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɕiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɕin/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɕjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɕin/
Li
Rong 		/ɕiĕn/
Wang
Li 		/ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		shēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		san1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 身
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		shēn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ syin ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n̥i[ŋ]/
English body; self

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 身
Reading # 1/1
No. 11247
Phonetic
component 		身
Rime
group 		眞
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		申
Old
Chinese 		/*qʰjin/
Notes 甲金文象人鼓其腹，
表其身有孕，非申聲

Definitions

edit

身

  1. (anatomy) body
  2. (figurative) body; main part
  3. pregnancy
  4. oneself
  5. in person; personally
  6. I; me
  7. life; one's (entire) life
  8. social status
  9. moral character
  10. Classifier for suits of clothes.
  11. (literary or Southern Min, Puxian Min) Classifier for statues, dolls, puppets.
  12. (Southern Min) Classifier for silkworms.
  13. (Cantonese, idiomatic) Classifier for beatings.

Synonyms

edit
Dialectal synonyms of 身體 (“body”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 身體
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 身體, 身子
Taiwan 身體
Chifeng 身體, 身子
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 身體
Harbin 身體, 身子
Shenyang 身體, 身子
Singapore 身體
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 身子
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 身子
Tangshan 身體, 身子
Cangzhou 身子, 身子骨兒
Baoding 身子
Shijiazhuang 身子
Jinan 身體, 身子
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 身體, 身子
Qingdao 身子, 身板骨兒
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 身體, 身子
Zhengzhou 身
Xi'an 身體, 身子
Xining 身體, 身子
Xuzhou 身子, 身體
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 身子
Lanzhou 身子, 體子
Ürümqi 身體, 身子
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 身體
Chongqing 身體, 身子
Wuhan 身體, 身子
Guiyang 身體, 身子
Kunming 身體, 身子
Guilin 身子, 身體
Liuzhou 身子, 身體
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 身體, 身子
Yangzhou 身子
Nantong 身子
Hefei 身體, 身子
Cantonese Guangzhou 身, 身子
Hong Kong 身
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 身體
Macau 身
Guangzhou (Panyu) 身
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 身
Guangzhou (Conghua) 身
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 身
Foshan 身
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 身
Foshan (Shunde) 身
Foshan (Sanshui) 身
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 身
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 身
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 身
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 身
Zhuhai (Doumen) 身
Jiangmen (Baisha) 身
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 身
Taishan 身
Kaiping (Chikan) 身
Enping (Niujiang) 身
Heshan (Yayao) 身體
Dongguan 身, 身體
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 身
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 身
Qingyuan 身
Fogang 身
Yingde (Hanguang) 身
Yangshan 身
Lianshan (Butian) 身體
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 身
Shaoguan 身
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 身體
Renhua 身
Lechang 身
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 身
Sihui 身體
Guangning 身體, 身
Deqing 身
Huaiji 身
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 身
Yunfu 身
Xinxing 身
Luoding 身
Yunan (Pingtai) 身
Yangjiang 身體, 身子
Xinyi 身
Maoming (Xinpo) 身
Lianjiang 身
Beihai 身體
Sanya (Yanglan; Maihua) 身體
Singapore (Guangfu) 身
Gan Lichuan 身體
Hakka Meixian 身仔, 身體
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 身體
Dongguan (Qingxi) 完身
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 完身
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 身
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 身體, 完身
Wuhua (Huacheng) 身體
Wuhua (Changbu) 完身
Wuhua (Mianyang) 完身
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 身
Jiexi 膚身
Luhe 身體
Yudu 身體
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 圓身
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 圓身
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 膴身
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 圓身, 圍身
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 膴身
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 膴身
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 膚身
Singkawang 膚身
Huizhou Jixi 身體
Shexian 身體
Jin Taiyuan 身體, 身子
Xinzhou 身子, 身體, 身得, 身坯得
Linhe 身子
Jining 身體
Hohhot 身體, 身子
Zhangjiakou 身體, 身子
Handan 身體, 身子
Eastern Min Fuzhou 身, 身體
Fuzhou (Changle) 身
Fuqing 身體
Yongtai 完身
Gutian 完身
Pingnan 完身
Fu'an 完身
Ningde 完身
Xiapu 完身
Zherong 身體
Shouning 完身, 身體
Zhouning 完身
Fuding 身體
Southern Min Xiamen 身軀
Xiamen (Tong'an) 身軀
Quanzhou 身軀
Zhangzhou 身軀
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 渾身, 渾軀
Zhao'an 身體
Taipei 身軀
New Taipei (Sanxia) 身軀
Kaohsiung 身軀
Yilan 身軀
Changhua (Lukang) 身軀
Taichung 身軀
Taichung (Wuqi) 身軀
Tainan 身軀
Taitung 身軀
Hsinchu 身軀
Kinmen 身軀
Penghu (Magong) 身軀
Penang (Hokkien) 身軀
Singapore (Hokkien) 身軀
Manila (Hokkien) 身軀
Pingnan (Shangdu) 身體
Shantou 身體
Leizhou 身軀
Haikou 身體
Puxian Min Fuding (Aoyao) 身軀
Central Min Yong'an 完身
Sanming (Sanyuan) 完身
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 身
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 身
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 身
Wu Shanghai 身體, 身子
Shanghai (Chongming) 身體
Suzhou 身體
Danyang 身體
Hangzhou 身體
Ningbo 身體
Wenzhou 身體
Xiang Changsha 身子
Hengyang 身子

Descendants

edit
Sino-Xenic (身):
  • → Vietnamese: thân (身)

Etymology 2

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Definitions

edit

身

  1. Only used in 身毒 (Juāndú).

Compounds

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit
身

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. body
    Synonym: 体
  2. identity

Readings

edit
  • Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
  • Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
  • Kun: み (mi, 身, Jōyō)、む (mu, 身)、むくろ (mukuro, 身)

Compounds

edit
Compounds

Etymology 1

edit
Kanji in this term
身
み
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *muy. Cognate with 実 (mi, “seed, fruit, offspring”).[1]

Standalone form of mu below. See also the etymology of 神 (kami, kamu).

Compare Korean 몸 (mom, “body”).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

身(み) • (mi) 

  1. a body; (by extension):
    1. the main part of something
      1. the blade of a sword (as opposed to the handle)
      2. meat, flesh (as opposed to skin and bone)
      3. wood (as opposed to the bark)
    2. oneself
    3. one's position, one's social standing, one's circumstances
Derived terms
edit
Derived terms

Etymology 2

edit
Kanji in this term
身
む
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Bound form of mi above, only found in compounds.

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

身(む) • (mu) 

  1. (only in compounds) a body
Derived terms
edit
Derived terms

Etymology 3

edit
Kanji in this term
身
むくろ
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Compound of 身 (mu, “body”, bound form of standalone mi) +‎ くろ (kuro). The derivation of the kuro element is uncertain, but it might be an alteration or ancient form of 幹 (kara, “trunk, main part”).[1]

Alternative forms

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

身(むくろ) • (mukuro) 

  1. a living body
    • 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):
      身體長大
      人(ひと)となり、むくろ長(たか)く大(おお)きにして
      hitotonari, mukuro takaku ōki ni shite
      His personality and body were lofty and great
  2. a dead body, a corpse
    • 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):
      御首(おんくび)は敷皮(しきかは)の上(うえ)に落(お)ちて質(むくろ)は尚(なほ)坐(ざ)せるが如(ごと)し
      onkubi wa shikikawa no ue ni ochite mukuro wa naozaseru ga gotoshi
      The head fell onto the hide rug, and the corpse looked as if it were sitting straight...
  3. a rotten tree trunk
Derived terms
edit

Etymology 4

edit
Kanji in this term
身
しん
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 身 (syin, “body, self”).

Pronunciation

edit

Noun

edit

身(しん) • (shin) 

  1. a body
Usage notes
edit

Seldom used on its own. In isolation, the reading mi is much more common.

Derived terms
edit

References

edit
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

edit

Etymology

edit

From Middle Chinese 身 (MC syin). Recorded as Middle Korean 신 (sin) (Yale: sin) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

edit
Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

身 (eumhun 몸 신 (mom sin))

  1. hanja form? of 신 (“body”)

Compounds

edit
Compounds

References

edit
  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

身: Hán Nôm readings: thân

  1. chữ Hán form of thân (“torso”).

Compounds

edit
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=身&oldid=82826909"
  NODES
Note 8