鞬

鞬 U+97AC, 鞬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97AC ← 鞫 [U+97AB] CJK Unified Ideographs 鞭 → [U+97AD]

Translingual

Han character

鞬 (Kangxi radical 177, 革+9, 18 strokes, cangjie input 廿十弓大手 (TJNKQ), four-corner 4504₄, composition ⿰革建)

1. a leather case for bow and arrow

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1390, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42934
• Dae Jaweon: page 1904, character 28
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4341, character 5
• Unihan data for U+97AC

Baekje

Etymology

Probably inflecting stem *k(j)ə- + gerundive *-n, the latter being attested as Old Korean 隱 (*-n).

Connected to Middle Korean 하 (ha-, “to be many, to be great”), Old Korean *흐그 (*huku-) > Middle Korean 크〮 (khú, “to be large”).

Adjective

鞬 (*k(j)ə-n) (Nihon Shoki 琨 or コニ or コ)

1. big, great

Reconstruction notes

Attested as 鞬 (MC kjon) in Book of Zhou, as part of a compound word.

Attested primarily in compounds as コニ (*koni) or sometimes コ (*ko) in kana glosses to the Nihon Shoki. コニ (*koni) may be a transcription of *k(j)ə-n because Old Japanese lacked coda *-n, or alternatively a transcription of the sequence *k(j)ə-n i "the great one"; compare Middle Korean 크〮니〮 (khún í, “id.”). Also attested in the original text as 琨 (MC kwon).

Perhaps also attested as 近 (MC gj+nX|gj+nH), an element in the titles of several Baekje kings: 近肖古王 (Geun-Chogo-wang), 近仇首王 (Geun-Gusu-wang), etc. These titles are also attested in forms that lack 近, showing that it is a separate, detachable element.

Derived terms

• 鞬吉支 (*kən-kici, “king (of Baekje)”)

References

• John Bentley (2000) “New Look at Paekche and Korean: Data from Nihon shoki”, in Language Research‎^[1], volume 36, number 2, Seoul National University, pages 417—443
• Alexander Vovin (2013) “From Koguryo to T'amna”, in Korean Linguistics‎^[2], volume 15, number 2, John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 222—240

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (建) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
犍	*ɡran, *kan
騝	*ɡran, *kan
鍵	*ɡran, *ɡranʔ, *ɡanʔ
揵	*ɡran, *kanʔ
鞬	*kan
腱	*kan, *ɡans
湕	*kanʔ
建	*kans
旔	*kans
楗	*ɡanʔ
健	*ɡans

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kan) : semantic 革 + phonetic 建 (OC *kans).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		鞬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiān (jian¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gin¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jian
    • Wade–Giles: chien¹
    • Yale: jyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jian
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gin¹
    • Yale: gīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kiːn⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjon

Rime
Character	鞬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	元 (65)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居言切
Baxter	kjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐn/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐn/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɐn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨan/
Li Rong	/kiɐn/
Wang Li	/kĭɐn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kɨ̯ɐn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gin1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kan/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鞬
Reading #	1/1
No.	6214
Phonetic component	建
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	𢳚
Old Chinese	/*kan/

Definitions

鞬

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 弓鞬
• 櫜鞬
• 鞬服

 

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		鞬

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jiàn (jian⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄢˋ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jiàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jiàn
    • Wade–Giles: chien⁴
    • Yale: jyàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiann
    • Palladius: цзянь (czjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Definitions

鞬

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), B05631
• “鞬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

鞬

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. quiver on a horse
2. store

Readings

• On (unclassified): けん (ken)、こん (kon)、ごん (gon)
• Kun: ゆみぶくろ (yumibukuro)

Korean

Hanja

鞬 • (geon) (hangeul 건, revised geon, McCune–Reischauer kŏn, Yale ken)

1. a leather case for bow and arrow
2. bundle