See also: and
U+9802, 頂
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9802

[U+9801]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9803]

Translingual

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Han character

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Stroke order
 

(Kangxi radical 181, +2, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一弓一月金 (MNMBC), four-corner 11286, composition )

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1399, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43335
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1915, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4355, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+9802

Chinese

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trad.
simp.
alternative forms 𩠑

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *teːŋʔ) : phonetic (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ) + semantic (head).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-tjaŋ (upper part) (STEDT). The sense damn is a clipping of 頂你個肺顶你个肺 (ding2 nei5 go3 fai3).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • deng2 - vernacular;
  • ding2 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /tiŋ²¹⁴/
Harbin /tiŋ²¹³/
Tianjin /tiŋ¹³/
Jinan /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /tiŋ⁵³/
Xi'an /tiŋ⁵³/
Xining /tiə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /tiŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /tĩn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /tiŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /tin⁴²/
Chengdu /tin⁵³/
Guiyang /tin⁴²/
Kunming /tĩ⁵³/
Nanjing /tin²¹²/
Hefei /tin²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /ti⁵³/ ~事
/tiəŋ⁵³/ ~針
Pingyao /tiŋ⁵³/
/ti⁵³/ ~住
Hohhot /tĩŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /tiŋ³⁵/
Suzhou /tin⁵¹/
Hangzhou /tin⁵³/
Wenzhou /teŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /tiʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /tɛ³¹/
Xiang Changsha /tin⁴¹/
Xiangtan /tin⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /tin²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /tin³¹/
/taŋ³¹/ 山~
Taoyuan /tɑŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /teŋ³⁵/
/tɛŋ³⁵/
Nanning /tɛŋ³⁵/
Hong Kong /tiŋ³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /tiŋ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /tiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /taiŋ²¹/ 头~
/tiaŋ²¹/ ~嘴
Shantou (Teochew) /teŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔdeŋ²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter tengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋX/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋX/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋX/
Li
Rong
/teŋX/
Wang
Li
/tieŋX/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/tieŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dǐng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dǐng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tengX ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋʔ/
English top of the head

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 2386
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋʔ/

Definitions

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  1. top of the head; crown
  2. top; peak
      ―  shāndǐng  ―  mountain top
  3. to carry on the head
  4. to prop up; to support (from below)
  5. to substitute; to replace
  6. to retort; to talk back
  7. to butt; to strike (with the head)
  8. to withstand; to confront
  9. most; exceedingly; best
  10. Classifier for objects with a top, such as hats and palanquins.all nouns using this classifier
    [Cantonese]  ―  loeng5 deng2 mou6-2 [Jyutping]  ―  two hats
    轎子轿子  ―  dǐng jiàozi  ―  a palanquin
  11. (Southern Min) Classifier for vehicles.all nouns using this classifier
  12. (Southern Min) in front; ahead; above; before; previously
  13. (chiefly Mainland China, Internet slang) to "bump" a forum thread to raise its profile; like; upvote
  14. (Cantonese, mildly vulgar) damn!
    唔記得鎖匙出門口 [Cantonese, trad.]
    唔记得锁匙出门口 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ding2! ngo5 m4 gei3 dak1 daai3 so2 si4 ceot1 mun4 hau2! [Jyutping]
    Damn! I’ve forgotten to take my key(s) out!

Synonyms

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Antonyms

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  • (antonym(s) of to upvote): (cǎi)

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic ():
  • Vietnamese: đỉnh ()

Further reading

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. top, peak
  2. to receive

Readings

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Compounds

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Noun

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Kanji in this term
いただき
Grade: 6
kun'yomi

(いただき) (itadaki

  1. the top
    (やま)(いただき)
    yama no itadaki
    the top of a mountain
    (いただき)()
    itadaki ni tatsu
    stand on the top

Antonyms

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Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC tengX). Recorded as Middle Korean 뎌ᇰ (tyeng) (Yale: tyeng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 정수리 (jeongsuri jeong))

  1. hanja form? of (crown or top of the head)
  2. hanja form? of (topmost point; peak)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: đính, đảnh, đỉnh, điếng, đuểnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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