馴鹿

See also: 驯鹿

Chinese

		attain gradually; tame	deer
trad. (馴鹿)		馴	鹿
simp. (驯鹿)		驯	鹿

Wikipedia has an article on:

馴鹿

Sino-Xenic (馴鹿):

トナカイ on Japanese Wikipedia

馴鹿 (tonakai, junroku): a reindeer.

Borrowing from Ainu,^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] either トナッカイ (tonakkai, recorded as Sakhalin dialect),^[4]^[5] or トゥナㇵカィ (tunahkay, listed in contemporary Ainu sources).^[6] The kanji are an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 馴鹿 / 驯鹿 (xùnlù).

馴鹿(となかい) or 馴鹿(トナカイ) • (tonakai)

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as トナカイ. The kanji spelling is also less common in general use.

From Middle Chinese 馴鹿 (MC zwin luwk, “tame, docile + deer”). Compare modern Cantonese readings seon⁴ luk⁶, seon⁴ luk^6-2, Mandarin xùnlù, xúnlù, Korean 순록 (sullok), and Vietnamese tuần lộc.

馴(じゅん)鹿(ろく) • (junroku)

^ “馴鹿”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎^[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)‎^[2], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co., page 450
^ 中級アイヌ語―美幌― (Chūkyū Ainu-go - Bihoro, “Intermediate Ainu: Bihoro”)‎^[3] (in Japanese), Sapporo, Hokkaidō: 財団法人アイヌ文化振興・研究推進機構 (Zaidan Hōjin Ainu Bunka Shinkō / Kenkyū Suishin Kikō, “Foundation for the Advancement, Research, and Promotion of Ainu Culture”), 2011