鸛

See also: 鹳 and ⿰𮥶鳥

鸛 U+9E1B, 鸛 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9E1B ← 鸚 [U+9E1A] CJK Unified Ideographs 鸜 → [U+9E1C]

Translingual

Traditional	鸛
Shinjitai (extended)	⿰𮥶鳥
Simplified	鹳

Han character

鸛 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+18, 29 strokes, cangjie input 廿土竹日火 (TGHAF), four-corner 4722₇, composition ⿰雚鳥)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1504, character 39
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47500
• Dae Jaweon: page 2034, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4670, character 22
• Unihan data for U+9E1B

Chinese

trad.		鸛
simp.		鹳
alternative forms		雚

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (雚) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
觀	*koːn, *koːns
灌	*koːns
鸛	*koːns
瓘	*koːns
矔	*koːns, *kroːns
懽	*koːns, *qʰoːn
爟	*koːns
雚	*koːns
罐	*koːns
鑵	*koːns
歡	*qʰoːn
驩	*qʰoːn
貛	*qʰoːn
酄	*qʰoːn
獾	*qʰoːn
讙	*qʰoːn, *qʰon
嚾	*qʰoːns
權	*ɡron
顴	*ɡron
孉	*ɡron
蠸	*ɡron
虇	*kʰonʔ, *kʰons
勸	*kʰons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *koːns) : phonetic 雚 (OC *koːns, “stork”) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”). Originally written 雚.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guàn (guan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gun³
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): guang⁴ / guong⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koàn

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guàn
    • Wade–Giles: kuan⁴
    • Yale: gwàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guann
    • Palladius: гуань (guanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯än⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gun³
    • Yale: gun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gun³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gun³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuːn³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: guang⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuaŋ⁴²/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: guong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuoŋ⁴²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koàn
    • Tâi-lô: kuàn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koaxn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kuan²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kuan⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kuan²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kuan¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kuan²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwanH

Rime
Character	鸛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古玩切
Baxter	kwanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwanH/
Li Rong	/kuɑnH/
Wang Li	/kuɑnH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gun3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qʷˤar-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鸛
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guàn
Middle Chinese	‹ kwanH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.qʷˁar-s/
English	heron
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鸛
Reading #	1/1
No.	4479
Phonetic component	雚
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	貫
Old Chinese	/*koːns/
Notes	同雚見詩經

Definitions

鸛

1. stork
2. crane (Grus japonensis)
3. Used in 鵝鸛／鹅鹳 (éguàn).

Synonyms

• (stork): (Hakka) 鸛鶴／鹳鹤

Compounds

• 白鸛 / 白鹳 (báiguàn)
• 紅鸛 / 红鹳 (hóngguàn)
• 鵝鸛 / 鹅鹳 (éguàn)
• 鸛雀 / 鹳雀 (guànquè)
• 鸛雀樓 / 鹳雀楼
• 鸛骨 / 鹳骨
• 鸛鳥 / 鹳鸟 (guànniǎo)
• 鸛鵝 / 鹳鹅 (guàn'é)
• 鸛鵲 / 鹳鹊
• 鸛鵲樓 / 鹳鹊楼
• 鸛鷤 / 鹳𫛴

 

References

• “鸛”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• William Campbell (1913) A dictionary of the Amoy vernacular spoken throughout the prefectures of Chin-Chiu, Chiang-Chiu and Formosa (in Hokkien), 8th edition, Tainan: Taiwan Church Press, published 1961, →OCLC, page 351.
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “鹳”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 81.

Japanese

Shinjitai (extended)	⿰𮥶鳥
Kyūjitai	鸛

Kanji

鸛

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form ⿰𮥶鳥)

1. stork

Readings

• Go-on: かん (kan)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
• Kan-on: かん (kan)^{←くわん (kwan, historical)}
• Kun: こうのとり (kōnotori, 鸛)^{←こふのとり (kofunotori, 鸛, historical)}

Etymology 1

鸛 (kōnotori): an Oriental stork

Kanji in this term
鸛
こうのとり Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Compound of 鸛 (kō, “Oriental stork”, see below) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 鳥 (tori, “bird”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こーのとり [kòónóꜜtòrì] (Nakadaka – [3])
• (Tokyo) こーのとり [kóꜜònòtòrì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ːno̞to̞ɾʲi]

Noun

鸛(こうのとり) or 鸛(コウノトリ) • (kōnotori) ^{←こふのとり (kofunotori) or コフノトリ (kofunotori)?}

1. Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana)

   Synonym: 鸛鶴 (kōzuru)

2. (by extension) any stork

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コウノトリ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鸛
こう Hyōgai
kun'yomi

/kan/ → /kau/ → /koː/

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) こー [kóꜜò] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ko̞ː]

Noun

鸛(こう) or 鸛(コウ) • (kō) ^{←こふ (kofu) or コフ (kofu)?}

1. Oriental stork (Ciconia boyciana)

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コウ.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 鸛鶴(こうづる) (kōzuru)
• 青嘴(アオハシ)鸛(コウ) (aohashikō, “white-bellied stork (Ciconia abdimii)”)
• 朱嘴(あかはし)鸛(こう) (akahashikō)
• 燕(エン)尾(ビ)鸛(コウ) (enbikō, “maguari stork (Ciconia maguari)”)
• 鞍嘴(クラハシ)鸛(コウ) (kurahashikō)
• 朱(シュ)嘴(バシ)鸛(コウ) (shubashikō, “white stork (Ciconia ciconia)”)
• 白襟(シロエリ)鸛(コウ) (shiroerikō, “Asian woolly-necked stork (Ciconia episcopus)”)
• 朱鷺(トキ)鸛(コウ) (tokikō)
• 鍋鸛(ナベコウ) (nabekō, “black stork (Ciconia nigra)”)
• 禿鸛(ハゲコウ) (hagekō)
• 嘴広(ハシビロ)鸛(コウ) (hashibirokō, “shoebill (Balaeniceps rex)”)

Korean

Hanja

鸛 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)

1. crane (Grus japonensis)
2. stork (Ciconia species)

Vietnamese

Han character

鸛: Hán Việt readings: quán

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