-as
Albanian
editEtymology
editVariant of -at, seen in toponyms such as Qesarat, Kastrat, Dukat, Progonat, Bushat.[1] The [-t] and [-s] are both from similar Proto-Albanian *tāi and Proto-Albanian *tjā. An Illyrian derivation.[2]
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as m (-as m)
- used to form toponyms. -ian
References
editCornish
editEtymology
editPerhaps from Proto-Celtic *-os.
Pronunciation
edit- (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA(key): /-as/
Suffix
edit-as m (plural -asow)
- Forms masculine nouns denoting capacity; -ful
- Forms masculine nouns denoting the result of an action
Derived terms
editReferences
edit- 2020, An Gerlyver Meur, ed. Dr Ken George (3rd edition, pp. 77, 99)
Esperanto
editEtymology
editThe Esperanto suffixes -as, -is, -os, -us are related, and appear to have been inspired by previous language projects:
- This play of vowels is not an original idea of Zamenhof's: -as, -is, -os are found for the three tenses of the infinitive in Faiguet's system of 1765; -a, -i, -o without a consonant are used like Z's -as, -is, -os by Rudelle (1858); Courtonne in 1885 had -am, -im, -om in the same values, and the similarity with Esperanto is here even more perfect than in the other projects, as -um corresponds to Z's -us. —An International Language (1928)
The vowel of -as is likely cognate with the Latin present, as in amat (“s/he loves”), and the corresponding present infinitive amāre, permitting the natural (for a European) -ant ending. i could come from past tense in Latin ami, amisti.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as
- ending of the present tense in verbs.
Finnish
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Finnic *-as, a variant of *-s (adjective-forming suffix), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *-s.
Suffix
edit-as (front vowel harmony variant -äs, linguistic notation -As)
- Forms some adjectives.
- Forms some nouns.
Declension
editInflection of -as (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | -as | -aat | |
genitive | -aan | -aiden -aitten | |
partitive | -asta | -aita | |
illative | -aaseen | -aisiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | -as | -aat | |
accusative | nom. | -as | -aat |
gen. | -aan | ||
genitive | -aan | -aiden -aitten -asten rare | |
partitive | -asta | -aita | |
inessive | -aassa | -aissa | |
elative | -aasta | -aista | |
illative | -aaseen | -aisiin -aihin rare | |
adessive | -aalla | -ailla | |
ablative | -aalta | -ailta | |
allative | -aalle | -aille | |
essive | -aana | -aina | |
translative | -aaksi | -aiksi | |
abessive | -aatta | -aitta | |
instructive | — | -ain | |
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of -as (Kotus type 41/vieras, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
Note that gradation may apply.
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editHungarian
editPronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as
- (adjective-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality"; sometimes referred to as ornative.
- (noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun.
- (number-forming suffix) Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure, cf. the relevant template.
Usage notes
edit- (all senses) Variants:
- -s is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -os is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -as is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -es is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -ös is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
Derived terms
editSee also
editIdo
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Esperanto -as, Latin -ās, French -es, Spanish -as.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as
- desinence of the present tense in verbs
See also
editIrish
editAlternative forms
edit- -eas (after palatal consonants)
Pronunciation
editEtymology 1
editFrom Old Irish -as, from Proto-Celtic *-assus, from Proto-Indo-European *-ad-tus.
Suffix
edit-as m
Declension
edit
|
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editSuffix
edit-as
- Relative ending of first conjugation verbs in the present tense
- Synthetic first person singular ending of first conjugation verbs in the past tense
Latin
editPronunciation
edit- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /aːs/, [äːs̠]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /as/, [äs]
Etymology 1
editBy syncope, from the earlier form -ātis. If Oscan 𐌋𐌞𐌅𐌊𐌀𐌍𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌝𐌔 (lúvkanateís, “Lucanian”, gen. sg.) has a cognate suffix -𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌝𐌔 (-ateís), one can reconstruct Proto-Italic *-ātis.
Suffix
edit-ās
- Used to form gentilic adjectives with the meaning "of/from" a country or place.
Usage notes
editIn an exception to the usual Latin stress rule, Latin words ending in this suffix were generally stressed on the final syllable of their nominative singular forms in -ās because of the aforementioned syncope.
Declension
editThird-declension one-termination adjective.
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masc./fem. | neuter | masc./fem. | neuter | ||
nominative | -ās | -ātēs | -ātia | ||
genitive | -ātis | -ātium -ātum | |||
dative | -ātī | -ātibus | |||
accusative | -ātem | -ās | -ātēs | -ātia | |
ablative | -āte -ātī |
-ātibus | |||
vocative | -ās | -ātēs | -ātia |
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editA declined form of -us (suffix forming adjectives).
Suffix
edit-ās
Etymology 3
editFrom Proto-Italic *-ās, from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yési.
Suffix
edit-ās
- second-person singular present active indicative of -ō (first conjugation)
Descendants
editEtymology 4
editA declined form of -a (suffix forming masculine agent nouns).
Suffix
edit-ās m
- accusative plural of -a
Descendants
editLithuanian
editSuffix
edit-as m
- nominal suffix (ending) of the first declension of the nouns.
- nominal suffix (ending) which indicates a demonym.
Derived terms
editMiddle English
editEtymology 1
editSuffix
edit-as
- Alternative form of -yssh
References
edit- “-ish, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 16 June 2018.
Etymology 2
editSuffix
edit-as
- Alternative form of -esse
References
edit- “-esse, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 24 June 2018.
Northern Sami
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Samic *-ës. Cognate of Finnish -e, Estonian -e.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as
- Forms nouns from verbs, indicating something used for performing the verb.
Usage notes
edit- This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable in the nominative singular and essive, and the strong grade in the other forms.
Inflection
editOdd, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | -as | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | -asa | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | -as | -asat | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | -asa | -asiid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | -asa | -asiid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | -asii | -asiidda | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | -asis | -asiin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | -asiin | -asiiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | -asin | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Derived terms
editOld English
editEtymology
editPerhaps from the Proto-Germanic accusative plural ending *-anz, with regularly lost -n- before a fricative, or perhaps from the nominative plural *-ōs, a voiceless variety of the regular ending *-ōz, or a merger of both. Akin to Saterland Frisian -s, West Frisian -s, Old Saxon -os (Low German -s), Dutch -s, Swedish -ar.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as
- Plural ending of nominative and accusative cases, originally of a-stem masculine nouns, later extended to other nouns.
Descendants
editOld Galician-Portuguese
editEtymology
editSuffix
edit-as
- a suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of a verb in -ar
Descendants
editOld Irish
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Celtic *-assus, from Proto-Indo-European *-ad-tus.
Suffix
edit-as m
- Nominal suffix, used to form abstract ideas or nouns
Derived terms
editDescendants
editReferences
edit- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 261; reprinted 2017
Polish
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-as m pers
- masculine noun suffix
Declension
editDerived terms
editPortuguese
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -as, from Latin -ās. Compare Galician and Spanish -as.
Suffix
edit-as
- a suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of -ar
See also
editEtymology 2
editSuffix
edit-as
- a suffix indicating the second-person singular present subjunctive of -er
- a suffix indicating the second-person singular present subjunctive of -ir
See also
editSpanish
editEtymology 1
editFrom Latin -ās, the second-person singular present active indicative ending of first conjugation verbs.
Suffix
edit-as
- suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of -ar.
Etymology 2
editFrom Latin -eās, Latin -ās, and Latin -iās, the second-person singular present active subjunctive endings of second, third, and fourth conjugation verbs, respectively.
Suffix
edit-as
See also
editSwedish
editSuffix
edit-as
- Alternative form of -s (“adverbial suffix”)
Derived terms
editReferences
editAnagrams
editWelsh
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editSuffix
edit-as f
- Forms abstract nouns.
Etymology 2
editSuffix
edit-as
- (South Wales) (colloquial) verb suffix for the third-person singular preterite
Derived terms
editReferences
editR. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “-as”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- Albanian terms derived from Illyrian
- Albanian 1-syllable words
- Albanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian suffixes
- Albanian masculine suffixes
- Cornish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Cornish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Cornish lemmas
- Cornish suffixes
- Cornish masculine suffixes
- Cornish noun-forming suffixes
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto suffixes
- Esperanto 1894 Universala Vortaro
- Words approved by the Akademio de Esperanto
- Esperanto BRO1
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish adjective-forming suffixes
- Finnish vieras-type nominals
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒʃ
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒʃ/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian suffixes
- Hungarian adjective-forming suffixes
- Hungarian noun-forming suffixes
- Ido terms borrowed from Esperanto
- Ido terms derived from Esperanto
- Ido terms borrowed from Latin
- Ido terms derived from Latin
- Ido terms borrowed from French
- Ido terms derived from French
- Ido terms borrowed from Spanish
- Ido terms derived from Spanish
- Ido terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ido lemmas
- Ido suffixes
- Ido inflectional suffixes
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish lemmas
- Irish suffixes
- Irish noun-forming suffixes
- Irish masculine suffixes
- Irish first-declension nouns
- Irish inflectional suffixes
- Latin 1-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin suffix forms
- Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Lithuanian lemmas
- Lithuanian suffixes
- Lithuanian masculine suffixes
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English suffixes
- Northern Sami terms inherited from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami terms derived from Proto-Samic
- Northern Sami terms with IPA pronunciation
- Northern Sami 1-syllable words
- Northern Sami lemmas
- Northern Sami suffixes
- Northern Sami noun-forming suffixes
- Northern Sami odd nouns
- Northern Sami non-gradating odd nouns
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English suffixes
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Old Galician-Portuguese lemmas
- Old Galician-Portuguese suffixes
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish suffixes
- Old Irish masculine suffixes
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/as
- Rhymes:Polish/as/1 syllable
- Polish terms with homophones
- Polish lemmas
- Polish suffixes
- Polish masculine suffixes
- Polish personal suffixes
- Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese non-lemma forms
- Portuguese suffix forms
- Spanish terms inherited from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish suffix forms
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish suffixes
- Swedish adverb-forming suffixes
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh suffixes
- Welsh feminine suffixes
- Welsh colloquialisms