-ia

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ia"

Translingual

Etymology

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia), which form abstract nouns of feminine gender.

Suffix

-ia f (taxonomy)

1. Used to form taxonomic names, especially to form genus names when appended to the name of a person, usually a scientist or a patron.

Derived terms

Translingual terms suffixed with -ia

English

Etymology 1

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia), which form abstract nouns of feminine gender.

Suffix

-ia

1. Used in forming names of countries, diseases, flowers, and rarely collections of things (such as militaria, deletia).

Synonyms

• (collections of things): -ana, -ica

See also

• -ian

Etymology 2

From the endings of corresponding Latin and Ancient Greek plural nouns.

Suffix

-ia

1. Used in forming plurals of nouns in -ium and -ion.

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -ia

Anagrams

• A-I, AI, Ai, a.i., ai

Catalan

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ies)

1. forms nouns, from adjectives, denoting states, conditions and qualities; -ness; -ity; -y; -hood

   ‎covard (“coward”) + ‎-ia → ‎covardia (“cowardice”)

2. forms the names of offices or jobs; -ship

   ‎comptador (“accountant”) + ‎-ia → ‎comptadoria (“accounting”)

3. forms placenames; -y; -ia

   ‎occità (“Occitan”) + ‎-ia → ‎Occitània (“Occitanie”)

Derived terms

Catalan terms suffixed with -ia

Further reading

• “-ia”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “-ia” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-idak, from Proto-Uralic *-j-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-iɑˣ/, [-iɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, stem -i-, linguistic notation -i- or -iA)

1. Forms primarily transitive verbs describing repeating (frequentative) or continuous (continuative) action.

Conjugation

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-in	en -i	1st sing.	olen -inut	en ole -inut
2nd sing.		-it	et -i	2nd sing.	olet -inut	et ole -inut
3rd sing.		-ii	ei -i	3rd sing.	on -inut	ei ole -inut
1st plur.		-imme	emme -i	1st plur.	olemme -ineet	emme ole -ineet
2nd plur.		-itte	ette -i	2nd plur.	olette -ineet	ette ole -ineet
3rd plur.		-ivat	eivät -i	3rd plur.	ovat -ineet	eivät ole -ineet
passive		-itaan	ei -ita	passive	on -ittu	ei ole -ittu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-in	en -inut	1st sing.	olin -inut	en ollut -inut
2nd sing.		-it	et -inut	2nd sing.	olit -inut	et ollut -inut
3rd sing.		-i	ei -inut	3rd sing.	oli -inut	ei ollut -inut
1st plur.		-imme	emme -ineet	1st plur.	olimme -ineet	emme olleet -ineet
2nd plur.		-itte	ette -ineet	2nd plur.	olitte -ineet	ette olleet -ineet
3rd plur.		-ivat	eivät -ineet	3rd plur.	olivat -ineet	eivät olleet -ineet
passive		-ittiin	ei -ittu	passive	oli -ittu	ei ollut -ittu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-isin	en -isi	1st sing.	olisin -inut	en olisi -inut
2nd sing.		-isit	et -isi	2nd sing.	olisit -inut	et olisi -inut
3rd sing.		-isi	ei -isi	3rd sing.	olisi -inut	ei olisi -inut
1st plur.		-isimme	emme -isi	1st plur.	olisimme -ineet	emme olisi -ineet
2nd plur.		-isitte	ette -isi	2nd plur.	olisitte -ineet	ette olisi -ineet
3rd plur.		-isivat	eivät -isi	3rd plur.	olisivat -ineet	eivät olisi -ineet
passive		-ittaisiin	ei -ittaisi	passive	olisi -ittu	ei olisi -ittu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		-i	älä -i	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		-ikoon	älköön -iko	3rd sing.	olkoon -inut	älköön olko -inut
1st plur.		-ikaamme	älkäämme -iko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		-ikaa	älkää -iko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		-ikoot	älkööt -iko	3rd plur.	olkoot -ineet	älkööt olko -ineet
passive		-ittakoon	älköön -ittako	passive	olkoon -ittu	älköön olko -ittu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		-inen	en -ine	1st sing.	lienen -inut	en liene -inut
2nd sing.		-inet	et -ine	2nd sing.	lienet -inut	et liene -inut
3rd sing.		-inee	ei -ine	3rd sing.	lienee -inut	ei liene -inut
1st plur.		-inemme	emme -ine	1st plur.	lienemme -ineet	emme liene -ineet
2nd plur.		-inette	ette -ine	2nd plur.	lienette -ineet	ette liene -ineet
3rd plur.		-inevat	eivät -ine	3rd plur.	lienevät -ineet	eivät liene -ineet
passive		-ittaneen	ei -ittane	passive	lienee -ittu	ei liene -ittu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		-ia		present	-iva	-ittava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -iakseni -iaksemme 2nd -iaksesi -iaksenne 3rd -iakseen -iaksensa		past	-inut	-ittu
2nd	inessive2	-iessa	-ittaessa	agent4	-ima
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -iessani -iessamme 2nd -iessasi -iessanne 3rd -iessaan -iessansa		negative	-imaton
	instructive	-ien	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	-imassa	—
	elative	-imasta	—
	illative	-imaan	—
	adessive	-imalla	—
	abessive	-imatta	—
	instructive	-iman	-ittaman
4th3	verbal noun	-iminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st -imaisillani -imaisillamme 2nd -imaisillasi -imaisillanne 3rd -imaisillaan -imaisillansa

Note that if the stem has gradation, it is (almost always) preserved.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (verbal)

Etymology 2

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia

1. (in borrowings) Forms place names.

Declension

Usually:

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		-ia	—
genitive		-ian	—
partitive		-iaa	—
illative		-iaan	—
		singular	plural
nominative		-ia	—
accusative	nom.	-ia	—
	gen.	-ian
genitive		-ian	—
partitive		-iaa	—
inessive		-iassa	—
elative		-iasta	—
illative		-iaan	—
adessive		-ialla	—
ablative		-ialta	—
allative		-ialle	—
essive		-iana	—
translative		-iaksi	—
abessive		-iatta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -iani — accusative nom. -iani — gen. -iani genitive -iani — partitive -iaani — inessive -iassani — elative -iastani — illative -iaani — adessive -iallani — ablative -ialtani — allative -ialleni — essive -ianani — translative -iakseni — abessive -iattani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -iasi — accusative nom. -iasi — gen. -iasi genitive -iasi — partitive -iaasi — inessive -iassasi — elative -iastasi — illative -iaasi — adessive -iallasi — ablative -ialtasi — allative -iallesi — essive -ianasi — translative -iaksesi — abessive -iattasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -iamme — accusative nom. -iamme — gen. -iamme genitive -iamme — partitive -iaamme — inessive -iassamme — elative -iastamme — illative -iaamme — adessive -iallamme — ablative -ialtamme — allative -iallemme — essive -ianamme — translative -iaksemme — abessive -iattamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ianne — accusative nom. -ianne — gen. -ianne genitive -ianne — partitive -iaanne — inessive -iassanne — elative -iastanne — illative -iaanne — adessive -iallanne — ablative -ialtanne — allative -iallenne — essive -iananne — translative -iaksenne — abessive -iattanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative -iansa — accusative nom. -iansa — gen. -iansa genitive -iansa — partitive -iaansa — inessive -iassaan -iassansa — elative -iastaan -iastansa — illative -iaansa — adessive -iallaan -iallansa — ablative -ialtaan -ialtansa — allative -ialleen -iallensa — essive -ianaan -ianansa — translative -iakseen -iaksensa — abessive -iattaan -iattansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (place)

Etymology 3

From Latin -ia and Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia

1. (in borrowings) -y (forms abstract nouns from Latin or Greek roots)

Declension

Usually:

Inflection of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		-ia	-iat
genitive		-ian	-ioiden -ioitten
partitive		-iaa	-ioita
illative		-iaan	-ioihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-ia	-iat
accusative	nom.	-ia	-iat
	gen.	-ian
genitive		-ian	-ioiden -ioitten -iain rare
partitive		-iaa	-ioita
inessive		-iassa	-ioissa
elative		-iasta	-ioista
illative		-iaan	-ioihin
adessive		-ialla	-ioilla
ablative		-ialta	-ioilta
allative		-ialle	-ioille
essive		-iana	-ioina
translative		-iaksi	-ioiksi
abessive		-iatta	-ioitta
instructive		—	-ioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -ia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -iani -iani accusative nom. -iani -iani gen. -iani genitive -iani -ioideni -ioitteni -iaini rare partitive -iaani -ioitani inessive -iassani -ioissani elative -iastani -ioistani illative -iaani -ioihini adessive -iallani -ioillani ablative -ialtani -ioiltani allative -ialleni -ioilleni essive -ianani -ioinani translative -iakseni -ioikseni abessive -iattani -ioittani instructive — — comitative — -ioineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -iasi -iasi accusative nom. -iasi -iasi gen. -iasi genitive -iasi -ioidesi -ioittesi -iaisi rare partitive -iaasi -ioitasi inessive -iassasi -ioissasi elative -iastasi -ioistasi illative -iaasi -ioihisi adessive -iallasi -ioillasi ablative -ialtasi -ioiltasi allative -iallesi -ioillesi essive -ianasi -ioinasi translative -iaksesi -ioiksesi abessive -iattasi -ioittasi instructive — — comitative — -ioinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -iamme -iamme accusative nom. -iamme -iamme gen. -iamme genitive -iamme -ioidemme -ioittemme -iaimme rare partitive -iaamme -ioitamme inessive -iassamme -ioissamme elative -iastamme -ioistamme illative -iaamme -ioihimme adessive -iallamme -ioillamme ablative -ialtamme -ioiltamme allative -iallemme -ioillemme essive -ianamme -ioinamme translative -iaksemme -ioiksemme abessive -iattamme -ioittamme instructive — — comitative — -ioinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ianne -ianne accusative nom. -ianne -ianne gen. -ianne genitive -ianne -ioidenne -ioittenne -iainne rare partitive -iaanne -ioitanne inessive -iassanne -ioissanne elative -iastanne -ioistanne illative -iaanne -ioihinne adessive -iallanne -ioillanne ablative -ialtanne -ioiltanne allative -iallenne -ioillenne essive -iananne -ioinanne translative -iaksenne -ioiksenne abessive -iattanne -ioittanne instructive — — comitative — -ioinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative -iansa -iansa accusative nom. -iansa -iansa gen. -iansa genitive -iansa -ioidensa -ioittensa -iainsa rare partitive -iaansa -ioitaan -ioitansa inessive -iassaan -iassansa -ioissaan -ioissansa elative -iastaan -iastansa -ioistaan -ioistansa illative -iaansa -ioihinsa adessive -iallaan -iallansa -ioillaan -ioillansa ablative -ialtaan -ialtansa -ioiltaan -ioiltansa allative -ialleen -iallensa -ioilleen -ioillensa essive -ianaan -ianansa -ioinaan -ioinansa translative -iakseen -iaksensa -ioikseen -ioiksensa abessive -iattaan -iattansa -ioittaan -ioittansa instructive — — comitative — -ioineen -ioinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (nominal)

Etymology 4

From Proto-Finnic *-jak, an old *k-lative of *-ja (denominative place name suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-iɑ(ˣ)/, [-iɑ̝(ʔ)]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, linguistic notation -iA)

1. Forms some adverbs, mainly with a directional meaning.

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -ia (adverbial)

Etymology 5

See -ea.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ̝]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel harmony variant -iä, linguistic notation -iA) (dialectal)

1. Alternative form of -ea

Usage notes

• Used in the same way as the standard -ea: e.g. korkia "high", standard korkea.
• Commonly associated with both Northern and Southern Ostrobothnian dialects, but also the predominant type in Peräpohja and southeastern (aka "Karelian") dialects.
• This form was standard until the 19th century, when it was replaced by the current standard -ea.

References

• Erkki Savolainen, 1998, compiled for the University of Eastern Finland (archived page)

Anagrams

• ai

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-idak. Cognates include Finnish -ia.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel variant -iä)

1. Used to form continuative verbs from other verbs.

   ‎hypätä (“to jump”) + ‎-ia → ‎hyppiä (“to hop”)

2. Used to form transitive verbs describing a continuous action with a nominal.

   ‎nokka (“beak”) + ‎-ia → ‎nokkia (“to peck”)

3. Used to form intransitive verbs describing the creation of a nominal.

   ‎kukka (“flower”) + ‎-ia → ‎kukkia (“to blossom”)

   ‎poika (“young”) + ‎-ia → ‎poikia (“to calve”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -ia (type 7/oppia, no gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-in	en -i	1st singular	oon -int, oon -inut	en oo -int, en oo -inut
2nd singular	-it	et -i	2nd singular	oot -int, oot -inut	et oo -int, et oo -inut
3rd singular	-ii	ei -i	3rd singular	ono -int, ono -inut	ei oo -int, ei oo -inut
1st plural	-imma	emmä -i	1st plural	oomma -ineet	emmä oo -ineet
2nd plural	-itta	että -i	2nd plural	ootta -ineet	että oo -ineet
3rd plural	-iit1), -ivat2), -itaa	evät -i, ei -ita	3rd plural	ovat -ineet	evät oo -ineet, ei oo -ittu
impersonal	-itaa	ei -ita	impersonal	ono -ittu	ei oo -ittu
Imperfekta			Pluskvamperfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-in	en -int, en -inut	1st singular	olin -int, olin -inut	en olt -int, en olt -inut
2nd singular	-it	et -int, et -inut	2nd singular	olit -int, olit -inut	et olt -int, et olt -inut
3rd singular	-i	ei -int, ei -inut	3rd singular	oli -int, oli -inut	ei olt -int, ei olt -inut
1st plural	-imma	emmä -ineet	1st plural	olimma -ineet	emmä olleet -ineet
2nd plural	-itta	että -ineet	2nd plural	olitta -ineet	että olleet -ineet
3rd plural	-iit1), -ivat2), -ittii	evät -ineet, ei -ittu	3rd plural	olivat -ineet	evät olleet -ineet, ei olt -ittu
impersonal	-ittii	ei -ittu	impersonal	oli -ittu	ei olt -ittu
Konditsionala
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	-isin	en -is	1st singular	olisin -int, olisin -inut	en olis -int, en olis -inut
2nd singular	-isit, -iist1)	et -is	2nd singular	olisit -int, olisit -inut	et olis -int, et olis -inut
3rd singular	-is	ei -is	3rd singular	olis -int, olis -inut	ei olis -int, ei olis -inut
1st plural	-isimma	emmä -is	1st plural	olisimma -ineet	emmä olis -ineet
2nd plural	-isitta	että -is	2nd plural	olisitta -ineet	että olis -ineet
3rd plural	-isiit1), -isivat2), -ittais	evät -is, ei -ittais	3rd plural	olisivat -ineet	evät olis -ineet, ei olis -ittu
impersonal	-ittais	ei -ittais	impersonal	olis -ittu	ei olis -ittu
Imperativa
Preesens			Perfekta
	positive	negative		positive	negative
1st singular	—	—	1st singular	—	—
2nd singular	-i	elä -i	2nd singular	oo -int, oo -inut	elä oo -int, elä oo -inut
3rd singular	-ikoo	elköö -iko	3rd singular	olkoo -int, olkoo -inut	elköö olko -int, elköö olko -inut
1st plural	—	—	1st plural	—	—
2nd plural	-ikaa	elkää -iko	2nd plural	olkaa -ineet	elkää olko -ineet
3rd plural	-ikoot	elkööt -iko, elköö -ittako	3rd plural	olkoot -ineet	elkööt olko -ineet, elköö olko -ittu
impersonal	-ittakkoo	elköö -ittako	impersonal	olkoo -ittu	elköö olko -ittu
Potentsiala
Preesens
	positive	negative
1st singular	-inen	en -ine
2nd singular	-inet	et -ine
3rd singular	-inoo	ei -ine
1st plural	-inemma	emmä -ine
2nd plural	-inetta	että -ine
3rd plural	-inoot	evät -ine, ei -ittane
impersonal	-ittannoo	ei -ittane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat			Partisipat
				active	passive
1st		-ia	present	-iva	-ittava
2nd	inessive	-ijees	past	-int, -inut	-ittu
	instructive	-ien	1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-ikaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd	illative	-imaa
	inessive	-imaas
	elative	-imast
	abessive	-imata
4th	nominative	-imiin
	partitive	-imista, -imist

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -ia (continuative)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-ëda. Cognates include Finnish -ea and Estonian -e.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /-iɑ/, [-iɑ]

Suffix

-ia (front vowel variant -iä)

2. Used to form adjectives from nouns and verbs.

   ‎pöörä (“wheel”) + ‎-ia → ‎pööriä (“round”)

Declension

Declension of -ia (type 3/kana, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-iat
genitive	-ian	-ioin
partitive	-iaa	-ioja
illative	-iaa	-ioihe
inessive	-iaas	-iois
elative	-iast	-ioist
allative	-ialle	-ioille
adessive	-iaal	-ioil
ablative	-ialt	-ioilt
translative	-iaks	-ioiks
essive	-ianna, -iaan	-ioinna, -ioin
exessive1)	-iant	-ioint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

Ingrian terms suffixed with -ia (adjective)

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from English -ia, French -ie, Italian -ia, Portuguese -ia/Spanish -ía, all ultimately from Latin -ia, from Ancient Greek -ία (-ía), -εια (-eia).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/

Suffix

-ia

1. forms nouns from ethnonyms or personal names, denoting a country, province or region; -ia, -y

   ‎arabe (“Arab”) + ‎-ia → ‎Arabia (“Arabia”)

   ‎scoto (“Scot”) + ‎-ia → ‎Scotia (“Scotland”)

   ‎bulgare (“Buglar(ian)”) + ‎-ia → ‎Bulgaria (“Bulgaria”)

2. forms nouns from nouns, denoting a quality, status or jurisdiction; -y, -cy,-ness, -ity, -hood

   ‎coarde (“coward”) + ‎-ia → ‎coardia (“cowardice”)

   ‎infante (“baby, infant”) + ‎-ia → ‎infantia (“childhood, infancy”)

   ‎abbate (“abbot”) + ‎-ia → ‎abbatia (“abbacy”)

   ‎capitano (“captain”) + ‎-ia → ‎capitania (“captaincy”)

3. forms nouns from nouns, denoting an art, science, practice or establishment; -y

   ‎geologo (“geologist”) + ‎-ia → ‎geologia (“geology”)

   ‎radiotoxicologo (“radiotoxicologist”) + ‎-ia → ‎radiotoxicologia (“radiotoxicology”)

   ‎idolatra (“idolater”) + ‎-ia → ‎idolatria (“idolatry”)

   ‎bottinero (“cobbler, shoemaker”) + ‎-ia → ‎bottineria (“cobblery, shoemaking; cobbler's, shoemaker's shop”)

Usage notes

• Note that the i of the suffix -ia bears the stress.

Derived terms

Category Interlingua terms suffixed with -ia not found

References

• Alexander Gode, Hugh E. Blair (1955) Interlingua: A Grammar of the International Language, →ISBN

Italian

Etymology 1

From Ancient Greek -ία (-ía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.a/
• Rhymes: -ia
• Hyphenation: -ì‧a

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ie)

2. derives abstract nouns denoting a state or condition from adjectives or nouns

   ‎allegro (“cheerful”, “happy”) + ‎-ia → ‎allegria (“joy”, “happiness”)

   ‎tiranno (“tyrant”) + ‎-ia → ‎tirannia (“tyranny”)

3. derives abstract nouns denoting a collective group or a social condition

   ‎compagno (“companion”) + ‎-ia → ‎compagnia (“company”)

   ‎borghese (“bourgeois”) + ‎-ia → ‎borghesia (“bourgeoisie”)

4. added to ethnonyms to derive place names

   ‎andaluso (“Andalusian”) + ‎-ia → ‎Andalusia (“Andalusia”)

5. used to derive technical and scientific terms, especially from Ancient Greek terms

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ia (stressed)

Etymology 2

From Latin -ia, ultimately from the same source as above.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ja/
  • Hyphenation: -ia
• (after palatal consonants) IPA^(key): /a/

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ie)

2. (no longer productive) derivative suffix (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ia (unstressed)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -ia

Further reading

• -ìa in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• -ia in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• -ai, ai, ài

Latin

Etymology 1

Partially from Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā), -ία (-ía) and -εια (-eia), and so ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂. This suffix may also represent a substantivization of the feminine form of -ius.

Suffix

-ia f (genitive -iae); first declension

1. Used to form a first declension feminine abstract noun, usually from an adjective ending in -us, or (rarely in later Latin) one ending in -ius, or from a present participle stem, and occasionally from a root noun.

   affixed to participles:

   ‎absēns + ‎-ia → ‎absentia

   ‎dēmēns + ‎-ia → ‎dēmentia

   ‎valēns + ‎-ia → ‎valentia

   affixed to adjectives:

   ‎audāx + ‎-ia → ‎audācia

   ‎angustus + ‎-ia → ‎angustia

   ‎fācundus + ‎-ia → ‎fācundia

   ‎ignāvus + ‎-ia → ‎ignāvia

   ‎opulentus + ‎-ia → ‎opulentia

   affixed to nouns:

   ‎custōs + ‎-ia → ‎custōdia

   ‎mīles + ‎-ia → ‎mīlitia

   ‎victor + ‎-ia → ‎victōria

   ‎gōgrāvius + ‎-ia → ‎gōgrāvia (Medieval Latin)

2. Used to form country names

   ‎Graecus + ‎-ia → ‎Graecia

   ‎Gallus + ‎-ia → ‎Gallia

   ‎Dācus + ‎-ia → ‎Dācia

   ‎Thrāx + ‎-ia → ‎Thrācia

   ‎Hispānus + ‎-ia → ‎Hispānia

   ‎Britannus + ‎-ia → ‎Britannia

   ‎Germānus + ‎-ia → ‎Germānia

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-iae
genitive	-iae	-iārum
dative	-iae	-iīs
accusative	-iam	-iās
ablative	-iā	-iīs
vocative	-ia	-iae

Synonyms

• -iēs

Derived terms

Latin terms suffixed with -ia

Descendants

• Old French: -ie
  • Middle French: -ie
    • French: -ie
  • → Middle High German: -ie
  • → Middle English: -ie
    • English: -y, -ie
• Sicilian: -ia

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-ia

1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural of -s

Maori

Suffix

-ia

1. a passive ending

Derived terms

Category Maori terms suffixed with -ia not found

Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin -ia and/or Ancient Greek -ίᾱ (-íā). Doublet of -a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈja/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Suffix

-ia f

1. -ia

   ‎akuszer + ‎-ia → ‎akuszeria

Declension

Declension of -ia

	singular	plural
nominative	-ia	-ie
genitive	-ii	-ii/-ij (archaic)
dative	-ii	-iom
accusative	-ię	-ie
instrumental	-ią	-iami
locative	-ii	-iach
vocative	-io	-ie

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -ia

See also

• -stwo

Further reading

• -ia in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɐ/

• Rhymes: -iɐ

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, usually uncountable, plural -ias)

1. forms nouns, from adjectives, denoting states, conditions and qualities; -ness; -ity; -y; -hood

   Synonyms: -idade, -ção

   ‎alegre (“joyful”) + ‎-ia → ‎alegria (“joy”)

2. (medicine) forms the names of medical conditions; -y; -ia

   ‎acéfalo (“acephalous”) + ‎-ia → ‎acefalia (“acephaly”)

3. forms the names of offices or jobs; -ship

   Synonyms: -ado, -ato

   ‎governador (“governor”) + ‎-ia → ‎governadoria (“the job or office of a governor”)

4. forms placenames; -y; -ia

   ‎Brasil (“Brazil”) + ‎-ia → ‎Brasília (“Brasilia”)

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ia

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ia, from Latin -ēbam (first person) and -ēbat (third person). Cognate with Galician and Spanish -ía.

Suffix

-ia

1. a suffix indicating the first-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -er and -ir

   ‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comia (“[I] used to eat”)

   ‎unir (“to unite”) + ‎-ia → ‎unia (“[I] used to unite”)

2. a suffix indicating the third-person singular indicative imperfect of a verb in -er and -ir

   ‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comia (“[he/she/it] used to eat”)

   ‎unir (“to unite”) + ‎-ia → ‎unia (“[he/she/it] used to unite”)

See also

• -ava

Etymology 3

Reduced form of havia, imperfect of haver.

Suffix

-ia

1. appended to the infinitive, forms the first-person singular and third-person singular conditional of verbs

   ‎comer (“to eat”) + ‎-ia → ‎comeria (“I/he/she/it would eat”)

Romanian

Suffix

-ia

1. definite singular of -ie, usually applied to place names.

Derived terms

Romanian terms suffixed with -ia

Spanish

Suffix

-ia f (noun-forming suffix, plural -ias)

1. appears in feminine nouns, generally abstract, mostly inherited from Latin; -y

   ‎eficaz (“efficient”) + ‎-ia → ‎eficacia (“efficiency”)

2. forms placenames; -y; -ia

   ‎Brasil (“Brazil”) + ‎-ia → ‎Brasilia (“Brasilia”)

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -ia

Further reading

• “-ia”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Swahili

Alternative forms

• -lia/-lea

Suffix

-ia (mid vowel harmony variant -ea)

1. for (directed at, intended to belong to), applicative suffix

   ‎-lipa (“to pay”) + ‎-ia → ‎-lipia (“to pay for”)

   ‎-jibu (“to answer”) + ‎-ia → ‎-jibia (“to answer to/for”)

   ‎-soma (“to read”) + ‎-ea → ‎-somea (“to read to/for”)

Derived terms

Swahili terms suffixed with -ia

• Swahili applicative verbs