-ido

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ido"

English

Etymology

Back-formation from Esperantido.

Suffix

-ido

1. (conlanging) Attached to a the name of a language (typically a constructed language) to denote a conlang derived from or based on that language.

   ‎Volapük + ‎-ido → ‎Volapükido (“conlang derived from Volapük”)

   ‎Toki Pona + ‎-ido → ‎tokiponido (“conlang derived from Toki Pona”)

   • 2023 August 20, u/Christian_Si, Reddit‎^[1], archived from the original on 2023-11-19:

     In the "Language Samples" section it also has Communicationssprache (1836) – mostly a simplified French; […] and Spelin (1888), which seems to be a thoroughly reformed Volapükido […] .

   • 2024 February 9, @blazerlazer55, Twitter‎^[2], archived from the original on 2024-09-06:

     at long last, i've completed my tokiponido, "toki pona with penultimate stress"! i'll post the docs shortly after

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin -idēs, from Ancient Greek -ίδης (-ídēs).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [ˈido]
• Rhymes: -ido
• Hyphenation: i‧do

Suffix

-ido

1. offspring

   ido (“child”) (in the sense of a son or a daughter—of any age)

   ‎putino (“whore”) + ‎-ido → ‎putinido (“son/daughter of a whore”)

   ‎reĝo (“king”) + ‎-ido → ‎reĝido (“prince”) (the son of a king, of any age)

2. immature animal

   ‎birdo (“bird”) + ‎-ido → ‎birdido (“fledgling”)

   ‎bovo (“cow”) + ‎-ido → ‎bovido (“calf”)

   ‎cervo (“deer”) + ‎-ido → ‎cervido (“fawn”)

   ‎ĉevalo (“horse”) + ‎-ido → ‎ĉevalido (“foal”)

   ‎hundo (“dog”) + ‎-ido → ‎hundido (“puppy”)

   ‎kato (“cat”) + ‎-ido → ‎katido (“kitten”)

   ‎leono (“lion”) + ‎-ido → ‎leonido (“lion cub”)

   ‎lupo (“wolf”) + ‎-ido → ‎lupido (“wolf cub”)

   ‎vulpo (“fox”) + ‎-ido → ‎vulpido (“fox cub”)

   ‎urso (“bear”) + ‎-ido → ‎ursido (“bear cub”)

Derived terms

Esperanto terms suffixed with -ido

Descendants

• English: Ido

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek -ίδης (-ídēs).

Suffix

-ido

1. Used on countries or places to mean a descendant from that place

   ‎Izrael (“Israel”) + ‎-ido → ‎Izraelido (“Israelite”)

Usage notes

• Not to be confused with the suffix -yuno, which means a young animal, as in bovyuno (“calf”); a young bovo (“bull, cow, ox”).

Derived terms

Ido terms suffixed with -ido

Macanese

Etymology

From Portuguese -ido.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.du/, (rare) /ˈi.do/

Suffix

-ido

1. participle-forming suffix

   Coordinate term: -ado

   ‎durmí (“to sleep”) + ‎-ido → ‎durmido (“asleep”)

2. adjective-forming suffix

   ‎cholê (“to touch someone to get their attention”) + ‎-ido → ‎cholido (“nosy, interfering”)

Usage notes

• Past participles are often used with ficâ (“to become”).
• Verbs ending in -ê are usually transformed into -ido rather than -edo, consistent with Portuguese participle formation.

Derived terms

Macanese terms suffixed with -ido

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese -ido (displacing the more common form -udo), from Latin -ītus.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.du/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.du/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.do/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈi.du/ [ˈi.ðu]

Suffix

-ido

1. forms the masculine singular past participle of 2nd-conjugation (-er) and 3rd-conjugation (-ir) verbs; -ed

   ‎cozer (“to cook”) + ‎-ido → ‎cozido (“cooked”)

   ‎sorrir (“to smile”) + ‎-ido → ‎sorrido (“smiled”)

Derived terms

Portuguese terms suffixed with -ido

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin -itus.

Suffix

-ido (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ida, masculine plural -idos, feminine plural -idas)

1. forms the masculine singular past participle of regular -ir and -er verbs

See also

• -ado

Suffix

-ido m (noun-forming suffix, plural -idos)

1. creates nouns that describe sounds

   ‎roncar (“to snore”) + ‎-ido → ‎ronquido (“snore”)

2. (chemistry) -ide (member of a group of related compounds or elements)
3. (biology, astronomy) -id

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -ido

Further reading

• “-ido”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10