-nta

See also: nta, ntâ, NTA, and -ntä

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *-nta, from Proto-Uralic *-nta. Related to Karelian -nta, Livvi -ndu and Veps -nd, as well as to Estonian -nd, possibly borrowed from Finnish.

Suffix

-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA)

1. Forms nouns that describe an action.

   ‎toimia (“to act”) + ‎-nta → ‎toiminta (“action”)

   ‎ampua (“to shoot”) + ‎-nta → ‎ammunta (“shooting”)

   ‎lääkitä (“to medicate”) + ‎-nta → ‎lääkintä (“medication”)

Declension

Inflection of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
nominative		-nta	-nnat
genitive		-nnan	-ntojen
partitive		-ntaa	-ntoja
illative		-ntaan	-ntoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-nta	-nnat
accusative	nom.	-nta	-nnat
	gen.	-nnan
genitive		-nnan	-ntojen -ntain rare
partitive		-ntaa	-ntoja
inessive		-nnassa	-nnoissa
elative		-nnasta	-nnoista
illative		-ntaan	-ntoihin
adessive		-nnalla	-nnoilla
ablative		-nnalta	-nnoilta
allative		-nnalle	-nnoille
essive		-ntana	-ntoina
translative		-nnaksi	-nnoiksi
abessive		-nnatta	-nnoitta
instructive		—	-nnoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -ntani -ntani accusative nom. -ntani -ntani gen. -ntani genitive -ntani -ntojeni -ntaini rare partitive -ntaani -ntojani inessive -nnassani -nnoissani elative -nnastani -nnoistani illative -ntaani -ntoihini adessive -nnallani -nnoillani ablative -nnaltani -nnoiltani allative -nnalleni -nnoilleni essive -ntanani -ntoinani translative -nnakseni -nnoikseni abessive -nnattani -nnoittani instructive — — comitative — -ntoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -ntasi -ntasi accusative nom. -ntasi -ntasi gen. -ntasi genitive -ntasi -ntojesi -ntaisi rare partitive -ntaasi -ntojasi inessive -nnassasi -nnoissasi elative -nnastasi -nnoistasi illative -ntaasi -ntoihisi adessive -nnallasi -nnoillasi ablative -nnaltasi -nnoiltasi allative -nnallesi -nnoillesi essive -ntanasi -ntoinasi translative -nnaksesi -nnoiksesi abessive -nnattasi -nnoittasi instructive — — comitative — -ntoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ntamme -ntamme accusative nom. -ntamme -ntamme gen. -ntamme genitive -ntamme -ntojemme -ntaimme rare partitive -ntaamme -ntojamme inessive -nnassamme -nnoissamme elative -nnastamme -nnoistamme illative -ntaamme -ntoihimme adessive -nnallamme -nnoillamme ablative -nnaltamme -nnoiltamme allative -nnallemme -nnoillemme essive -ntanamme -ntoinamme translative -nnaksemme -nnoiksemme abessive -nnattamme -nnoittamme instructive — — comitative — -ntoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ntanne -ntanne accusative nom. -ntanne -ntanne gen. -ntanne genitive -ntanne -ntojenne -ntainne rare partitive -ntaanne -ntojanne inessive -nnassanne -nnoissanne elative -nnastanne -nnoistanne illative -ntaanne -ntoihinne adessive -nnallanne -nnoillanne ablative -nnaltanne -nnoiltanne allative -nnallenne -nnoillenne essive -ntananne -ntoinanne translative -nnaksenne -nnoiksenne abessive -nnattanne -nnoittanne instructive — — comitative — -ntoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative -ntansa -ntansa accusative nom. -ntansa -ntansa gen. -ntansa genitive -ntansa -ntojensa -ntainsa rare partitive -ntaansa -ntojaan -ntojansa inessive -nnassaan -nnassansa -nnoissaan -nnoissansa elative -nnastaan -nnastansa -nnoistaan -nnoistansa illative -ntaansa -ntoihinsa adessive -nnallaan -nnallansa -nnoillaan -nnoillansa ablative -nnaltaan -nnaltansa -nnoiltaan -nnoiltansa allative -nnalleen -nnallensa -nnoilleen -nnoillensa essive -ntanaan -ntanansa -ntoinaan -ntoinansa translative -nnakseen -nnaksensa -nnoikseen -nnoiksensa abessive -nnattaan -nnattansa -nnoittaan -nnoittansa instructive — — comitative — -ntoineen -ntoinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -nta (nominal)

• -nnainen
• -nne
• -nti
• -nto

 

Etymology 2

From Proto-Finnic *-nta, equal to -na (essive suffix) + -ta (partitive suffix, from Uralic ablative). Cognate with Estonian -nt and Ingrian -nt.

Suffix

-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA) (dialectal, nonstandard)

1. Forms the exessive case.

   erota presidentintä ― to resign from being a president

Usage notes

• The exessive case is not part of the standard language and is only found in dialects.
• The suffix is appended to the same stem as the ablative suffix.

Etymology 3

From Proto-Finnic *-nta.

Suffix

-nta (front vowel harmony variant -ntä, linguistic notation -ntA) (rare)

1. (non-productive) Forms certain nouns, mainly for people.

Declension

Inflection of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)
nominative		-nta	-nnat
genitive		-nnan	-ntojen
partitive		-ntaa	-ntoja
illative		-ntaan	-ntoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		-nta	-nnat
accusative	nom.	-nta	-nnat
	gen.	-nnan
genitive		-nnan	-ntojen -ntain rare
partitive		-ntaa	-ntoja
inessive		-nnassa	-nnoissa
elative		-nnasta	-nnoista
illative		-ntaan	-ntoihin
adessive		-nnalla	-nnoilla
ablative		-nnalta	-nnoilta
allative		-nnalle	-nnoille
essive		-ntana	-ntoina
translative		-nnaksi	-nnoiksi
abessive		-nnatta	-nnoitta
instructive		—	-nnoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of -nta (Kotus type 9*J/kala, nt-nn gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -ntani -ntani accusative nom. -ntani -ntani gen. -ntani genitive -ntani -ntojeni -ntaini rare partitive -ntaani -ntojani inessive -nnassani -nnoissani elative -nnastani -nnoistani illative -ntaani -ntoihini adessive -nnallani -nnoillani ablative -nnaltani -nnoiltani allative -nnalleni -nnoilleni essive -ntanani -ntoinani translative -nnakseni -nnoikseni abessive -nnattani -nnoittani instructive — — comitative — -ntoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative -ntasi -ntasi accusative nom. -ntasi -ntasi gen. -ntasi genitive -ntasi -ntojesi -ntaisi rare partitive -ntaasi -ntojasi inessive -nnassasi -nnoissasi elative -nnastasi -nnoistasi illative -ntaasi -ntoihisi adessive -nnallasi -nnoillasi ablative -nnaltasi -nnoiltasi allative -nnallesi -nnoillesi essive -ntanasi -ntoinasi translative -nnaksesi -nnoiksesi abessive -nnattasi -nnoittasi instructive — — comitative — -ntoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ntamme -ntamme accusative nom. -ntamme -ntamme gen. -ntamme genitive -ntamme -ntojemme -ntaimme rare partitive -ntaamme -ntojamme inessive -nnassamme -nnoissamme elative -nnastamme -nnoistamme illative -ntaamme -ntoihimme adessive -nnallamme -nnoillamme ablative -nnaltamme -nnoiltamme allative -nnallemme -nnoillemme essive -ntanamme -ntoinamme translative -nnaksemme -nnoiksemme abessive -nnattamme -nnoittamme instructive — — comitative — -ntoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative -ntanne -ntanne accusative nom. -ntanne -ntanne gen. -ntanne genitive -ntanne -ntojenne -ntainne rare partitive -ntaanne -ntojanne inessive -nnassanne -nnoissanne elative -nnastanne -nnoistanne illative -ntaanne -ntoihinne adessive -nnallanne -nnoillanne ablative -nnaltanne -nnoiltanne allative -nnallenne -nnoillenne essive -ntananne -ntoinanne translative -nnaksenne -nnoiksenne abessive -nnattanne -nnoittanne instructive — — comitative — -ntoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative -ntansa -ntansa accusative nom. -ntansa -ntansa gen. -ntansa genitive -ntansa -ntojensa -ntainsa rare partitive -ntaansa -ntojaan -ntojansa inessive -nnassaan -nnassansa -nnoissaan -nnoissansa elative -nnastaan -nnastansa -nnoistaan -nnoistansa illative -ntaansa -ntoihinsa adessive -nnallaan -nnallansa -nnoillaan -nnoillansa ablative -nnaltaan -nnaltansa -nnoiltaan -nnoiltansa allative -nnalleen -nnallensa -nnoilleen -nnoillensa essive -ntanaan -ntanansa -ntoinaan -ntoinansa translative -nnakseen -nnaksensa -nnoikseen -nnoiksensa abessive -nnattaan -nnattansa -nnoittaan -nnoittansa instructive — — comitative — -ntoineen -ntoinensa

Derived terms

Finnish terms suffixed with -nta (denominal)

Pitjantjatjara

Pronoun

-nta (second person singular accusative, bound form of nyuntunya)

1. you (singular, object)

Usage notes

Bound pronouns can be used instead of the regular "long form" pronouns. They act as clitics that attach to the last word of the first noun phrase in the sentence, or the conjunctions ka or munu if present.