For further information, read the article: Swadesh list The Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist Morris Swadesh , is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language. Various versions have been created, in particular:
a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow )
a reduced 100 words version. This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikivoyage lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetics basis.
No.
English
Swedish
1
I
jag
2
you (singular)
du
3
he , she , it
han
4
we
vi
5
you (plural)
ni , I (archaic)
6
they
de
7
this
denna , den här c detta , det här n
8
that
den där c det där n
9
here
här
10
there
där
11
who
vem
12
what
vad
13
where
var , vart
14
when
när
15
how
hur
16
not
inte
17
all
alla
18
many
många
19
some
några
20
few
få
21
other
annan (singular ) c annat (singular ) n andra pl
22
one
ett
23
two
två
24
three
tre
25
four
fyra
26
five
fem
27
big
stor
28
long
lång
29
wide
bred , vid
30
thick
tjock
31
heavy
tung
32
small
liten
33
short
kort
34
narrow
trång
35
thin
tunn
36
woman
kvinna
37
man (adult male)
man
38
man (human being)
människa
39
child
barn
40
wife
fru , hustru , maka
41
husband
man , make
42
mother
mor
43
father
far
44
animal
djur
45
fish
fisk
46
bird
fågel
47
dog
hund
48
louse
lus
49
snake
orm
50
worm
mask
51
tree
träd
52
forest
skog
53
stick
pinne
54
fruit
frukt
55
seed
frö
56
leaf
löv , blad
57
root
rot
58
bark (of a tree)
bark
59
flower
blomma
60
grass
gräs
61
rope
rep
62
skin
hud , skinn
63
meat
kött
64
blood
blod
65
bone
ben
66
fat (noun)
fett
67
egg
ägg
68
horn
horn
69
tail
svans , stjärt
70
feather
fjäder
71
hair
hår
72
head
huvud
73
ear
öra
74
eye
öga
75
nose
näsa
76
mouth
mun
77
tooth
tand
78
tongue (organ)
tunga
79
fingernail
nagel
80
foot
fot
81
leg
ben
82
knee
knä
83
hand
hand
84
wing
vinge
85
belly
mage
86
guts
inälvor
87
neck
hals , nacke
88
back
rygg
89
breast
bröst
90
heart
hjärta
91
liver
lever
92
to drink
dricka
93
to eat
äta
94
to bite
bita
95
to suck
suga
96
to spit
spotta
97
to vomit
kräkas , spy
98
to blow
blåsa
99
to breathe
andas
100
to laugh
skratta
101
to see
se
102
to hear
höra
103
to know
veta
104
to think
tänka
105
to smell
lukta
106
to fear
vara rädd för , frukta
107
to sleep
sova
108
to live
leva
109
to die
dö
110
to kill
döda
111
to fight
kämpa , slåss , strida
112
to hunt
jaga
113
to hit
slå
114
to cut
skära
115
to split
dela
116
to stab
hugga , sticka
117
to scratch
klia
118
to dig
gräva
119
to swim
simma
120
to fly
flyga
121
to walk
gå
122
to come
komma
123
to lie (as in a bed)
ligga
124
to sit
sitta
125
to stand
stå
126
to turn (intransitive)
svänga
127
to fall
falla
128
to give
ge
129
to hold
hålla
130
to squeeze
klämma
131
to rub
gnida
132
to wash
tvätta
133
to wipe
torka
134
to pull
dra
135
to push
knuffa , trycka , skjuta
136
to throw
kasta
137
to tie
knyta , binda
138
to sew
sy
139
to count
räkna
140
to say
säga
141
to sing
sjunga
142
to play
leka (a game), spela (an instrument)
143
to float
flyta
144
to flow
flyta , rinna , flöda
145
to freeze
frysa
146
to swell
svälla
147
sun
sol
148
moon
måne
149
star
stjärna
150
water
vatten
151
rain
regn
152
river
flod
153
lake
sjö
154
sea
hav
155
salt
salt
156
stone
sten
157
sand
sand
158
dust
damm
159
earth
jord
160
cloud
moln
161
fog
dimma
162
sky
himmel
163
wind
vind
164
snow
snö
165
ice
is
166
smoke
rök
167
fire
eld
168
ash
aska
169
to burn
brinna (intr.), bränna (tr.)
170
road
väg
171
mountain
berg
172
red
röd
173
green
grön
174
yellow
gul
175
white
vit
176
black
svart
177
night
natt
178
day
dag
179
year
år
180
warm
varm
181
cold
kall
182
full
full
183
new
ny
184
old
gammal
185
good
bra , god
186
bad
dålig
187
rotten
rutten
188
dirty
smutsig
189
straight
rak
190
round
rund
191
sharp (as a knife)
vass
192
dull (as a knife)
slö
193
smooth
slät
194
wet
våt
195
dry
torr
196
correct
rätt , riktig
197
near
nära
198
far
avlägsen , fjärran
199
right
höger
200
left
vänster
201
at
på , vid , hos
202
in
i
203
with
med
204
and
och
205
if
om
206
because
eftersom , ty (dated)
207
name
namn
Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
(edit this template )
