Jupiter

See also: Jüpiter, Júpiter, Júpíter, and jupiter

English

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Jupiter

The planet Jupiter

Jupiter's planetary symbol ⟨♃⟩

Etymology

From Latin Iūpiter (“father Jove”), from Proto-Italic *djous patēr (literally “sky father”) (cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “father Zeus”)), from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Doublet of Dyaus Pita.

Pronunciation

(US) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒupɪtɚ/, [ˈd͡ʒupɪɾɚ]
Audio (US): (file)

Proper noun

Jupiter

(astronomy) The fifth and by far the largest planet in the Solar System, a gas giant, represented by the symbol ♃ in astronomy. Jupiter is known for its Great Red Spot and many moons including the Galilean moons.
(Roman mythology) The King of the Gods, also called Jove. Equivalent to the Greek Zeus, Jupiter was one of the children of Saturn. As supreme god of the Roman pantheon, Jupiter was the god of thunder, lightning, and storms, and appropriately called the god of light and sky.
(informal) The largest of a group of things or a region.
Brazil could be considered the Jupiter of South America.
A number of places in the United States:
1. An unincorporated community in Tuolumne County, California, named after a mine.
2. A town in Palm Beach County, Florida, named in error after the Roman god.
3. A township in Kittson County, Minnesota, named after the planet.
4. An unincorporated community in Buncombe County, North Carolina.
A summer resort on the Black Sea in Romania.

Usage notes

The planet Jupiter usually takes the adjectival form Jovian, and rarely Jupiterian. The demonym of the planet is also Jovian.

Synonyms

(astronomy, astrology): ♃

Derived terms

Translations

planet

Abkhaz: Иупитер (Iwpʼitʼer)
Afrikaans: Jupiter (af)
Albanian: Enjëti, Jupiteri
Amharic: ጁፒተር (ǧupitär)
Arabic: اَلْمُشْتَرِي m (al-muštarī)
Aragonese: Chupiter m
Armenian: Յուպիտեր (hy) (Yupiter), Լուսնթագ (Lusntʻag)
Assamese: বৃহস্পতি (brihospoti)
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܵܢܘܿ m (ano)
Asturian: Xúpiter m
Azerbaijani: Yupiter (az), Müştəri
Bashkir: Юпитер (Yupiter)
Basque: Jupiter (eu)
Belarusian: Юпі́тэр m (Jupíter)
Bengali: বৃহস্পতি (bn) (brihośpoti)
Bikol Central: Hupiter
Breton: yaou ?
Burmese: ကြာသပတေး (my) (krasa.pa.te:)
Buryat: пүрбэ (pürbe)
Catalan: Júpiter m
Chechen: Юпитер (Jupiter)
Cherokee: ᏧᏈᏓ (tsuquida)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 木星 (muk⁶ sing¹)

Hokkien: 木星 (zh-min-nan) (Bo̍k-chheⁿ or Bo̍k-chhiⁿ)

Mandarin: 木星 (zh) (Mùxīng)

Wu: 木星 (⁸moq-shin)
Coptic: ⲍⲉⲩⲥ (zeus)
Cornish: Jubyter m, Yow m
Corsican: Ghjove m
Crimean Tatar: Müşteri
Czech: Jupiter (cs) m
Danish: Jupiter (da)
Dutch: Jupiter (nl) m
Dzongkha: ཕུར་བུ (phur bu)
English:
Old English: Þunor
Esperanto: Jupitero (eo)
Estonian: Jupiter (et)
Faroese: Jupiter m
Fijian: Jupita
Finnish: Jupiter (fi)
Franco-Provençal: Jupitèr
French: Jupiter (fr) m or f
Galician: Xúpiter (gl) m
Georgian: იუპიტერი (iuṗiṭeri)
German: Jupiter (de) m
Greek: Δίας (el) (Días)
Ancient: Νίκη f (Níkē), Φᾰέθων m (Phaéthōn)
Guaraní: Húpiter
Gujarati: ગુરુ m (guru)
Haitian Creole: Jipitè
Hawaiian: Kaʻāwela
Hebrew: צֶדֶק (he) (tzédek)
Hindi: बृहस्पति (hi) m (bŕhaspati), गुरु (hi) m (guru)
Hungarian: Jupiter (hu)
Icelandic: Júpíter (is) m
Indonesian: Jupiter, Yupiter, Musytari
Irish: Iúpatar m
Italian: Giove (it) m
Jamaican Creole: Juupita
Japanese: 木星 (ja) (もくせい, Mokusei), ジュピター (ja) (Jupitā)
Javanese: Yupiter, Wrehaspati, Respati
Kalmyk: пүрвә (pürvä)
Kannada: ಗುರು (kn) (guru)
Kazakh: Шонай (Şonai), Юпитер (Üpiter), Есекқырған (Esekqyrğan)
Khmer: ផ្កាយ ព្រហស្បតិ៍ (phkaay prɔhŏəhh), ព្រហស្បតិ៍ (km) (prɔhŏəh)
Korean: 목성(木星) (ko) (Mokseong)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ھورمز (ckb) (hurmiz), موشتەری (ckb) (muşterî)
Kyrgyz: Юпитер (ky) (Yupiter)
Lao: ດາວພະຫັດ (lo) (dāo pha hat), ພະຫັດ (pha hat)
Latin: Iuppiter (la) m
Latvian: Jupiters m
Lingala: Jupité
Lithuanian: Jupiteris (lt) m, Indraja f
Lü: ᦡᦱᧁᦺᦙᧉ (ḋaawmay²)
Macedonian: Јупитер m (Jupiter)
Malagasy: Jiopitera
Malay: Musytari (ms)
Malayalam: വ്യാഴം (ml) (vyāḻaṁ)
Maltese: Ġove
Manchu: ᠮᠣᠣ
ᡠᠰᡳ᠍ᡥᠠ (moo usiha)
Maori: Hineitīweka, Pareārau, Rangawhenua, Kōpūnui
Marathi: गुरू (gurū)
Mingrelian: დია (dia)
Mongolian: Бархасбадь (Barxasbadʹ)
Nahuatl: Huēyitzitzimicītlalli
Navajo: Jíbitoo
Nepali: बृहस्पति (br̥haspati)
Occitan: Jupitèr (oc) m
Odia: ବୃହସ୍ପତି (or) (bruhaspati)
Ojibwe: zhaawan-anang
Ossetian: Юпитер (Jupiter)
Pashto: مشتري m (mashtari)
Persian: برجیس (fa) (berjis), مشتری (fa) (moštari), هرمز (fa) (hormoz), زاوش (fa) (zâvoš)
Phoenician: 𐤑𐤃𐤒 (ṣdq)
Polish: Jowisz (pl) m anim
Portuguese: Júpiter (pt) m
Prakrit:
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀩𑀳𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀇 m (bahassaï)
Punjabi: ਬ੍ਰਹਿਸਪਤ (brhisapat), ਮੁਸ਼ਤਰੀ (muśtarī), برہسپت (brhspt), مشتری (mśtrī)
Quechua: pirwa
Romagnol: please add this translation if you can
Romanian: Jupiter (ro) m
Russian: Юпи́тер (ru) m (Jupíter)
Sanskrit: गुरुग्रह m (gurugraha), बृहस्पति (sa) m (bṛhaspati), गुरु (sa) m (guru)
Santali: ᱨᱟᱡᱟ ᱮᱸᱜᱮᱞ (raja ẽgel)
Scottish Gaelic: am Bliogh, Iupatar m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: Ју̀питер m

Roman: Jùpiter (sh) m
Shona: Vhenekeratsvimborume, Musvimborume
Sicilian: Jovi m
Sindhi: مشتري
Sinhalese: ගුරු (si) (guru), බෘහස්පතී (br̥haspatī)
Slovak: Jupiter m
Slovene: Júpiter (sl) m
Somali: Cirjeex
Sorbian:
Lower Sorbian: Jupiter

Upper Sorbian: Jupiter
Sotho: Tosa
Spanish: Júpiter (es) m
Swahili: Mshtarii (sw), Sumbula
Swedish: Jupiter (sv)
Tagalog: Hupiter
Tajik: Муштарӣ (tg) (Muštari)
Tamil: குரு (ta) (kuru), வியாழன் (ta) (viyāḻaṉ)
Telugu: గురుడు (te) (guruḍu), బృహస్పతి (te) (br̥haspati)
Thai: ดาว พฤหัสบดี (daaw-prʉ́-hàt-sà-bɔɔ-dii), พฤหัสบดี (th) (prʉ́-hàt-sà-bɔɔ-dii)
Tibetan: ཕུར་བུ། (phur bu)
Tigrinya: ጁፒተር (ǧupitär)
Tok Pisin: Jupita
Tongan: Siupita
Tswana: Jupitara
Tumbuka: Themba, Chanya la Themba
Turkish: Erendiz (tr), Jüpiter (tr), Müşteri (tr) (archaic)
Turkmen: Ýupiter
Tuvan: Юпитер (Yupiter)
Ukrainian: Юпі́тер (uk) m (Jupíter)
Umbrian: 𐌉𐌖𐌐𐌀𐌕𐌄𐌓 (iupater), Δὶς πατήρ
Urdu: مشتری m (muštarī), برہسپت m (brihaspati)
Uyghur: يۇپىتېر (yupitër), مۇشتەرى (mushteri), ئەرەنتىر (erentir) (archaic), ئوڭاي (o'ngay) (archaic), قاراقۇش (qaraqush) (archaic)
Uzbek: Yupiter
Venetan: Zove m
Vietnamese: sao Mộc, Sao Mộc (vi), Mộc tinh
Waray-Waray: Hupiter
Welsh: Iau (cy) m
Wolof: Yupiter
Yakut: Сэндэли (Sendeli)
Yiddish: יופּיטער m (yupiter)
Yoruba: Júpítà, Júpítérì
Zhuang: Ndaundeiqfaex
Zulu: uJupitheri, uMkhulukhulwana

god

Afrikaans: Jupiter (af)
Arabic: يُوبِيتَر m (yubītar)
Armenian: Յուպիտեր (hy) (Yupiter)
Asturian: Xúpiter m
Basque: Jupiter (eu)
Bikol Central: Hupiter
Catalan: Júpiter m
Cherokee: ᏧᏈᏓ (tsuquida)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 朱庇特 (zh) (Zhūbìté)
Cornish: Jubyter m, Yow m
Czech: Jupiter (cs) m
Danish: Jupiter (da)
Dutch: Jupiter (nl)
Estonian: Jupiter (et)
Faroese: Jupiter m
Finnish: Juppiter, Jupiter (fi)
French: Jupiter (fr) m
Galician: Xúpiter (gl) m
Georgian: იუპიტერი (iuṗiṭeri)
German: Jupiter (de) m
Greek: Ζευς (el) m (Zefs), Δίας (el) m (Días)
Hindi: बृहस्पति (hi) m (bŕhaspati)
Hungarian: Jupiter (hu)
Icelandic: Júpíter (is) m
Indonesian: Yupiter
Irish: Iúpatar m
Italian: Giove (it) m
Japanese: ジュピター (ja) (Jupitā)
Khmer: ព្រហស្បតិ៍ (km) (prɔhŏəh)
Korean: 주피터 (Jupiteo)
Latin: Iuppiter (la) m
Latvian: Jupiters m
Lithuanian: Jupiteris (lt) m
Macedonian: Јупитер m (Jupiter)
Maltese: Ġovè
Maori: Hūpita
Marathi: जुपिटर m (jupiṭar)
Occitan: Jupitèr (oc) m
Persian: ژوپیتر (fa) (župiter)
Polish: Jowisz (pl), Jupiter (pl) m pers
Portuguese: Júpiter (pt) m
Romanian: Jupiter (ro) m
Russian: Юпи́тер (ru) m (Jupíter)
Scottish Gaelic: Iupatar m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: Ју̀питер m

Roman: Jùpiter (sh) m
Slovak: Jupiter m
Slovene: Júpiter (sl) m
Spanish: Júpiter (es) m
Swahili: Jupita
Swedish: Jupiter (sv) c
Tagalog: Hupiter
Thai: จูปิเตอร์ (juu-bpì-dtə̂ə)
Turkish: Jüpiter (tr)
Umbrian: Δὶς πατήρ
Urdu: مشتری m (muštarī), برہسپت m (brihaspati)
Vietnamese: thần Giu-bi-tê
Welsh: Iau (cy) m
Yiddish: יופּיטער m (yupiter)
Zulu: uJupitheri

Noun

Jupiter (uncountable)

(heraldry, rare) Azure (blue), in the postmedieval practice of blazoning the tinctures of certain sovereigns' (especially British monarchs') coats as planets.
- 1693, Richard Blome, The Art of Heraldry, in two parts ... second edition ..., pages 76-77:
  5. Jupiter, a Mace of Majestry in Bend Sol.
- 1718, Samuel Kent, The Grammar of Heraldry [...] Second Edition:
  George [...] 2d. Jupiter, three Fleurs de Lis Sol, for the Arms of France. 3d. Jupiter, an Irish Harp Sol, stringed Luna, for Ireland.
- 1735, Francis Nichols, The Irish Compendium [...] vol. III of the British Compendium, second edition, page 80:
  8. Tierce in Mantle, first Mars, two Lions passant-guardant in pale, Sol, for Brunswick; 2d Sol, Semi of Hearts proper, a Lion rampant Jupiter, for Lunenburgh; 3d, ente en Point, Mars, an Horse currant Luna, for Saxony. Note, these Ensigns (which are the paternal Coat of his Majesty King George) I have added as an Example, to shew the Form of what foreign Heralds term Tierce in Mantle, ente en Pointe, &c. […]
- 1737, Benjamin Martin, Bibliotheca Technologica: Or, a Philological Library, page 631:
  ARMS. QUARTERLY, in the first grand Quarter Mars, three Lions passant-guardant in Pale, Sol; the Imperial Ensigns of England, impaled with the Royal Arms of Scotland, which are Sol, a Lion rampant within a double Tressure flower'd and counterflower'd with Fleurs-de-lis, Mars. The second Quarter is the Royal Arms of France, viz. Jupiter, three Fleurs-de-lis, Sol. The third, the Ensign of Ireland, which is, Jupiter, an Harp Sol, stringed Luna.
(especially astronomy) Alternative spelling of jupiter.
(obsolete, alchemy, chemistry) Tin.