Reconstruction:Proto-Austronesian/Siwa

This Proto-Austronesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Austronesian

**Proto-Austronesian cardinal numbers**
< 8	9	10 >
Cardinal : *Siwa

Etymology

Any etymology beyond this reconstructed form is controversial. Sagart (2004) considers it to have arisen after Proto-Austronesian proper, rather than from a compound from *ɣatep (“five”) +‎ *Səpat (“four”), and relates it to Kulon-Pazeh xasebisupat (literally “five and four”), but Winter (2010) rejects this on phonological and historical grounds.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siwa/

Numeral

*Siwa

nine

Descendants

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian: *siwa
- Balinese: siə
- Fijian: ciwa
- Malagasy: sivy
- Proto-Polynesian: *hiwa (see there for further descendants)
- Rotuman: siva
- Tetum: sia

References

Sagart, Laurent. 2004. "The higher phylogeny of Austronesian and the position of Tai-Kadai." Oceanic Linguistics 43, 2:411–444.
Winter, Bodo. 2010. "A note on the higher phylogeny of Austronesian." Oceanic Linguistics 49, 1:282–287.