Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-āti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

A merger of two formations:

• The deadjectival formation is from Proto-Indo-European *-h₂ti.
• The denominal suffix is from Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti.

Suffix

*-āti

1. Forms verbs from nouns and adjectives.

Inflection

Ā-present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*-āmi	*-āmam	?	?
2nd singular	*-āsi	*-ātās	?	?
3rd singular	*-āti	*-āto	?	?
1st plural	*-āmosi	*-āmo	?	?
2nd plural	*-ātesi	*-āstē	?	?
3rd plural	*-ānti	*-ānto	?	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	?	—
2nd singular	?	?	*-ā
3rd singular	?	?	*-ātou
1st plural	?	?	*-āmos
2nd plural	?	?	*-āte
3rd plural	?	?	*-āntou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*-ār	—	?	?
2nd singular	*-ātar	—	?	?
3rd singular	*-ātor	?	?	?
1st plural	*-āmmor	—	?	?
2nd plural	*-ādwe	—	?	?
3rd plural	*-āntor	?	?	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	?	—	—
2nd singular	?	—	—
3rd singular	?	—	—
1st plural	?	—	—
2nd plural	?	—	—
3rd plural	?	—	—

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ātos	*-ātou	*-ātoi
vocative	*-āte	*-ātou	*-ātoi
accusative	*-ātom	*-ātou	*-ātoms
genitive	*-ātī	*-ātous	*-ātom
dative	*-ātūi	*-ātobom	*-ātobos
instrumental	*-ātū	*-ātobim	*-ātobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ātā	*-ātai	*-ātās
vocative	*-ātā	*-ātai	*-ātās
accusative	*-ātam	*-ātai	*-ātams
genitive	*-ātās	*-ātous	*-ātom
dative	*-ātai	*-ātābom	*-ātābos
instrumental	*?	*-ātābim	*-ātābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-ātom	*-ātou	*-ātā
vocative	*-ātom	*-ātou	*-ātā
accusative	*-ātom	*-ātou	*-ātā
genitive	*-ātī	*-ātous	*-ātom
dative	*-ātūi	*-ātobom	*-ātobos
instrumental	*-ātū	*-ātobim	*-ātobis

Derived terms

Proto-Celtic terms suffixed with *-āti

Descendants

• Brythonic: *-ọd
• Old Irish: -aid