Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/karants

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Fossilized present active participle of *karāti (“to love, desire”). Equivalent to *karos (“dear, beloved”) +‎ *-ants. Suggested to be a parallel formation with Tocharian B krent (“good, good person”), however, this is now widely rejected.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Noun

*karants m

friend

Declension

Masculine/feminine consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*karants	*karante	*karantes
vocative	*karants	*karante	*karantes
accusative	*karantam	*karante	*karantams
genitive	*karantos	*karantou	*karantom
dative	*karantei	*karantobom	*karantobos
locative	*karanti	—	—
instrumental	*karante?	*karantobim	*karantobis

Derived terms

*karantodyos

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *kar
- Middle Breton: car
  - Breton: kar
- Old Cornish: car
  - Cornish: kar
- Middle Welsh: car
  - Welsh: câr
Old Irish: carae
- Middle Irish: cara, carait
  - Irish: cara
  - Scottish Gaelic: caraid
  - Manx: carrey
Gaulish: Caranto-, Carantōna
Hispano-Celtic:
- →⇒ Galician: Canzobre (Caranzobre, 14th c. < *Karantyobrixs)

References

^ Vendryes, Joseph (1987) “1 cara”, in Lexique Étymologique de l'Irlandais Ancien [Etymological lexicon of Old Irish] (in French), volume C, Dublin, Paris: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, page C-37f
^ Kim McCone (1994) “An tSean-Ghaeilge agus a Réamhstair”, in K. McCone, D. McManus, C. Ó Háinle, N. Williams, L. Breatnach, editors, Stair na Gaeilge: in ómós do P[h]ádraig Ó Fiannachta (in Irish), Maynooth: Roinn na Sean-Ghaeilge, Coláiste Phádraig, →ISBN, section 17.2, page 113
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*kar-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 191