Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/skʷiyats

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *skwey-, whence came also many Balto-Slavic cognates like Proto-Slavic *xvoja (“conifer needle”).

Noun

*skʷiyats f

1. hawthorn

Inflection

Masculine/feminine consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*skʷiyats	*skʷiyate	*skʷiyates
vocative	*skʷiyats	*skʷiyate	*skʷiyates
accusative	*skʷiyatam	*skʷiyate	*skʷiyatams
genitive	*skʷiyatos	*skʷiyatou	*skʷiyatom
dative	*skʷiyatei	*skʷiyatobom	*skʷiyatobos
locative	*skʷiyati	—	—
instrumental	*skʷiyate?	*skʷiyatobim	*skʷiyatobis

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *spɨðad m (“thorn bushes”)
  • Middle Breton: spezadenn
    • Breton: spezad (“gooseberry”)
  • Cornish: spethas f (“briars”)
  • Old Welsh: ispidatenn
    • Middle Welsh: yspidat
      • Welsh: ysbyddad (“hawthorn”), ysbaddad, sbaddad
  • Pictish: *ᚄᚚᚔᚌᚐᚇ (*spijad, “thorn”)
• Old Irish: scé (“hawthorn”), sciad pl
  • Middle Irish: scé (“thorn bush, whitethorn”), sciach pl
    • Irish: sceach
    • Manx: skaig, skeaig
    • ⇒ Scottish Gaelic: sceathan (“thorn bush”)
      • → English: Skeen (surname​)