Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/yālos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *yéh₂los (“zeal”). Cognate to Ancient Greek ζῆλος (zêlos) and Serbo-Croatian jal (“envy, malice”).^[1]

Noun

*yālos m

desire
prayer, worship

Inflection

There is no trace of masculine o-stem inflection in any of the descendants. Matasović may have assumed it was in Proto-Celtic due to its cognates in Greek and Slavic.

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*yālos	*yālou	*yāloi
vocative	*yāle	*yālou	*yāloi
accusative	*yālom	*yālou	*yāloms
genitive	*yālī	*yālous	*yālom
dative	*yālūi	*yālobom	*yālobos
locative	*yālei	*?	*?
instrumental	*yālū	*yālobim	*yālūis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *yọl
- Middle Welsh: iawl
  - Welsh: iawl
Old Irish: áil

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*yālo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 433

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*yālo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 433

[1]