Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/-k

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology 1

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *-k, but such a lative suffix may not have actually existed in Proto-Uralic; perhaps instead from Proto-Uralic *-ŋ.

Suffix

*-k

1. Forms lative adverbs.

Derived terms

Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-k

Descendants

• Finnish: -∅ (no visible spelling)

Further reading

• Hakulinen, Lauri. 1941–2000. Suomen kielen rakenne ja kehitys ('The Structure and Development of the Finnish Language'). Helsinki: Otava/Helsingin yliopisto.

Etymology 2

From Proto-Uralic *-k.

Suffix

*-k

1. The second-person singular imperative ending.
2. The connegative verb ending.

Derived terms

Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-k

Descendants

• Estonian: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Finnish: -∅ (no visible spelling)
• Ingrian: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Karelian: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Livonian: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change; imperative only)
• Livvi: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Ludian: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Veps: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change)
• Võro: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change), -q (sometimes)
• Votic: (transphonologized and exhibited by a stem change), -g (Eastern Votic)