Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/visa

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Unknown.

Adjective

*visa

1. hard, tough, durable

Inflection

Inflection of *visa

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*visa	*visat
accusative		*visan	*visat
genitive		*visan	*visadën *visoidën
partitive		*visada	*visoida
inessive		*visassa *visahna	*visoissa *visoihna
elative		*visasta	*visoista
illative		*visahën	*visoihën
adessive		*visalla	*visoilla
ablative		*visalta	*visoilta
allative		*visalën *visalëk	*visoilën *visoilëk
essive		*visana	*visoina
translative		*visaksi	*visoiksi
instructive		*visan	*visoin
comitative		*visanëk	*visoinëk
abessive		*visatta	*visoitta

Descendants

• Estonian: visa
• Finnish: visa
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: viša
  • South Karelian: viža
• Livonian: vizā
• Võro: visa
• Votic: visa

Further reading

• “visa”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “visa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN