Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/keluz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to *kelǭ (“throat”).^[1] Kluge compares Ancient Greek γαυλός (gaulós, "merchant vessel," originally "milk pail"), which itself has been connected to *keulaz (“ship”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈke.luz/

Noun

*keluz m

(North Germanic) keel
Coordinate term: *skaggiją

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *keluz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*keluz	*kiliwiz
vocative	*kelu	*kiliwiz
accusative	*kelų	*kelunz
genitive	*kelauz	*kiliwǫ̂
dative	*kiliwi	*kelumaz
instrumental	*kelū	*kelumiz

Descendants

Old Norse: kjǫlr
- Icelandic: kjölur
- Faroese: kjølur
- Norwegian: kjøl
- Old Swedish: kiol, kiøl
  - Swedish: köl
    - → Finnish: köli
- Old Danish: kiøl
  - Danish: køl
- Elfdalian: tjyöl
- Gutnish: käl, köl
- → Middle English: kele
  - Scots: kele, keill
  - English: keel
- → Middle Dutch: kiel
  - Dutch: kiel
    - Afrikaans: kiel
- → Middle Low German: kēl, kil, kiel
  - German Low German: Kiel
  - → German: Kiel
    - → Czech: kýl
    - → Russian: киль (kilʹ)
    - → Slovak: kýl
- → Middle French: quille
  - French: quille
    - → Portuguese: quilha
→ Proto-Samic: *kielës (see there for further descendants)

References

^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “kiel3”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Kiel”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

[1] van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “kiel3”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

[2] Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Kiel”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891

[1]

[2]