Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/lund(ij)ō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ln̥dʰ-(y)eh₂-, from *lendʰ- (“kidney, loin”).

The semantic shift from "kidney" > "mood" in North Germanic languages and metaphorical usage of a non-heart organ to indicate mood is observed cross-linguistically, compare White Hmong siab (“liver; mood”).

Noun

*lund(ij)ō f

1. loin
2. kidney
3. fat

Inflection

Declension of *lund(ij)ō (ō-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*lund(ij)ō	*lund(ij)ôz
Vocative	*lund(ij)ō	*lund(ij)ôz
Accusative	*lund(ij)ǭ	*lund(ij)ōz
Genitive	*lund(ij)ōz	*lund(ij)ǫ̂
Dative	*lund(ij)ōi	*lund(ij)ōmaz
Instrumental	*lund(ij)ō	*lund(ij)ōmiz

Related terms

• *landį̄ f
• *lundiją n

Descendants

• *lundijō
  • Proto-West Germanic: *lundiju
    • Old English: lynd f
      • ⇒ Old English: ġelynd f
    • ⇒ Old Frisian: lenden f
• *lundō
  • Proto-West Germanic: *lundu
    • Old High German: lunta, lunda
    • ⇒ Old High German: luntussa
    • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *lundulagō m
      • Old English: lundlaga m
        • Middle English: lundlawe
      • Old Frisian: lundlaga, lunglaga m
  • Old Norse: lund f
    • Icelandic: lund f (“mood”)
    • Faroese: lund f (“disposition, temper", in the plural, "loin”)
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: lund f (“hip”)
    • ⇒ Old Norse: lundi m
    • ⇒ Old Norse: lundr (“minded”, adjective)
    • ⇒ Old Norse: lunderni n (“temperment”)