Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/paidō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Unknown; likely borrowed from a substrate language, compare Ancient Greek βαίτη (baítē, “shepherd's cloak”), and perhaps Albanian petk (“gown”).^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

Noun

*paidō f^[6]^[7]^[8]

cloak
Synonym: *hakulaz
shirt

Inflection

ō-stemDeclension of *paidō (ō-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*paidō	*paidôz
vocative	*paidō	*paidôz
accusative	*paidǭ	*paidōz
genitive	*paidōz	*paidǫ̂
dative	*paidōi	*paidōmaz
instrumental	*paidō	*paidōmiz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *paidu
- Old English: pād
  - Middle English: *pod (attested in pod ware)
    - English: pod
- Old Saxon: pēda
  - Middle Low German: *pêde
    - → Old Swedish: padha
      - Swedish: pade (dialectal)
- Lombardic: paita
  - → Italian: patta
    - → Danish: pat
      - → Icelandic: patt
    - → French: pat
      - → German: Patt
      - → Greek: πατ (pat)
      - → Polish: pat
      - → Serbo-Croatian: pat
      - → Slovak: pat
Gothic: 𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌰 (paida)
- ⇒ Gothic: 𐌲𐌰𐍀𐌰𐌹𐌳𐍉𐌽 (gapaidōn)
→ Proto-Finnic: *paita (“shirt”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Ringe, D. A., Jr. (1988–1990) “Evidence for the position of Tocharian in the Indo-European family?”, in Die Sprache, volume 34, Vienna: Universität Wien, page 112: “PG *paidō (Gothic paida, Old English pad, etc.) is neither cognate with Greek βαίτη ‘goatskin cloak’ nor borrowed from it; rather, both seem to have been borrowed from some lost language(s) once spoken in eastern Europe.”
^ Hellquist, Elof (1922) “pajrock”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, pages 1268-1269
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*baitéh₂-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, pages 109-110
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “193”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page βαίτη
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “baitā oder paitā?”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 92-93
^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 297: “*paidō”
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*paidō-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 395
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*paiđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291

[1] Ringe, D. A., Jr. (1988–1990) “Evidence for the position of Tocharian in the Indo-European family?”, in Die Sprache, volume 34, Vienna: Universität Wien, page 112: “PG *paidō (Gothic paida, Old English pad, etc.) is neither cognate with Greek βαίτη ‘goatskin cloak’ nor borrowed from it; rather, both seem to have been borrowed from some lost language(s) once spoken in eastern Europe.”

[2] Hellquist, Elof (1922) “pajrock”, in Svensk etymologisk ordbok [Swedish etymological dictionary]‎^[1] (in Swedish), Lund: C. W. K. Gleerups förlag, pages 1268-1269

[3] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*baitéh₂-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, pages 109-110

[4] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “193”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page βαίτη

[5] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “baitā oder paitā?”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 92-93

[6] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 297: “*paidō”

[7] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*paidō-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 395

[8] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*paiđō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291

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