Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/saljaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A causative formation from Proto-Indo-European *selh₁- (“to take”), either inherited from Proto-Indo-European *solh₁-éye-ti (“to let take”, causative) or derived within Proto-Germanic from an unattested *selaną (“to take”) + *-janą (causative suffix).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɑl.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*saljaną

1. to offer, give
2. to sell

Inflection

Conjugation of *saljaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*saljō	*saljaų	—	*saljai	?
2nd singular	*salisi	*saljais	*sali	*saljasai	*saljaisau
3rd singular	*saliþi	*saljai	*saljaþau	*saljaþai	*saljaiþau
1st dual	*saljōs	*saljaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*saljaþiz	*saljaiþiz	*saljaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*saljamaz	*saljaim	—	*saljanþai	*saljainþau
2nd plural	*saliþ	*saljaiþ	*saliþ	*saljanþai	*saljainþau
3rd plural	*saljanþi	*saljain	*saljanþau	*saljanþai	*saljainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*salidǭ	*salidēdį̄
2nd singular	*salidēz	*salidēdīz
3rd singular	*salidē	*salidēdī
1st dual	*salidēdū	*salidēdīw
2nd dual	*salidēdudiz	*salidēdīdiz
1st plural	*salidēdum	*salidēdīm
2nd plural	*salidēdud	*salidēdīd
3rd plural	*salidēdun	*salidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*saljandz	*salidaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *salljan (“to hand over, sell”)
  • Old English: sellan, siellan, syllan
    • Middle English: sellen
      • English: sell
        • → Dutch: sellen
      • Scots: sell
  • Old Frisian: sella
    • North Frisian: selle
  • Old Saxon: sellian (“to offer, give”)
    • Middle Low German: sellen
      • Low German: sellen
  • Old Dutch: *sellen
    • Middle Dutch: sellen
  • Old High German: sellen (“to hand over, betray”)
    • Middle High German: sellen
      • German: sellen (obsolete)
• Old Norse: selja (“to hand over, sell”)
  • Icelandic: selja
  • Faroese: selja (“to sell, let go of”)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: selge
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: selja, selje
    • Russenorsk: sælom
  • Old Swedish: sælia
    • Swedish: sälja
  • Old Danish: sæliæ, sælæ
    • Danish: sælge
  • Elfdalian: sela
  • Gutnish: säle
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saljan, “to pay tribute, offer”)
• → Proto-Finnic: *sallidak (“to allow”) (see there for further descendants)