Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sundaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Adjectival formation related to *sanþaz (“true, correct”); compare also Hittite [script needed] (ašuwant-, “good”) (𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 (a-aš-šu-uš)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsun.dɑz/

Adjective

*sundaz

1. healthy

Inflection

Declension of *sundaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*sundaz	*sundai	*sundō	*sundôz	*sundą, -atō	*sundō
Accusative	*sundanǭ	*sundanz	*sundǭ	*sundōz	*sundą, -atō	*sundō
Genitive	*sundas, -is	*sundaizǫ̂	*sundaizōz	*sundaizǫ̂	*sundas, -is	*sundaizǫ̂
Dative	*sundammai	*sundaimaz	*sundaizōi	*sundaimaz	*sundammai	*sundaimaz
Instrumental	*sundanō	*sundaimiz	*sundaizō	*sundaimiz	*sundanō	*sundaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*sundô	*sundaniz	*sundǭ	*sundōniz	*sundô	*sundōnō
Accusative	*sundanų	*sundanunz	*sundōnų	*sundōnunz	*sundô	*sundōnō
Genitive	*sundiniz	*sundanǫ̂	*sundōniz	*sundōnǫ̂	*sundiniz	*sundanǫ̂
Dative	*sundini	*sundammaz	*sundōni	*sundōmaz	*sundini	*sundammaz
Instrumental	*sundinē	*sundammiz	*sundōnē	*sundōmiz	*sundinē	*sundammiz

Related terms

• *swinþaz, *swinþijaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sund
  • Old English: *sund (with various prefixes)
    • Middle English: sund, sound
      • English: sound
      • Scots: sound, soun
  • Old Frisian: sund
    • North Frisian: suwn
    • Saterland Frisian: suund
    • West Frisian: sûnd, sûn
  • Old Saxon: *sund
    • Middle Low German: sunt
      • Low German: sund
      • → Danish: sund
        • → Faroese: sunnur
      • → Swedish: sund
      • → Norwegian Bokmål: sunn
      • → Norwegian Nynorsk: sunn
  • Old Dutch: *sund
    • Middle Dutch: sunt, sont
      • Dutch: zond
  • Old High German: sunt
    • Middle High German: sunt
  • ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *gasund
    • Old English: ġesund
      • Middle English: ȝesund, isund, izound; sund, sound
        • English: sound
        • Scots: sound, soun
    • Old Frisian:
      • Saterland Frisian: gesuund
    • Old Saxon: gisund
      • Middle Low German: gesunt
        • Low German: gesund
    • Old Dutch: gisunt
      • Middle Dutch: gesont
        • Dutch: gezond
          • Afrikaans: gesond
          • Jersey Dutch: xjezónd
          • Negerhollands: gesond, gesont
          • → Sranan Tongo: gesontu
            • → Aukan: gusontu
            • → Caribbean Javanese: kheson
    • Old High German: gisunt
      • Middle High German: gesunt
        • Bavarian: gsund

          Cimbrian: gazùnt, gesunt (Luserna)

        • Central Franconian: gesond, jesond, jesonk (Ripuarian)
        • German: gesund
        • Hunsrik: gesund
        • Luxembourgish: gesond
        • Yiddish: געזונט (gezunt)