Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵénus

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *ǵḗnus, *ǵḗnus ~ *ǵénw-

Noun

*ǵénus f

1. cheek
2. jaw
3. chin

Inflection

Athematic, amphikinetic
	singular
nominative	*ǵénus
genitive	*ǵn̥wés
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ǵénus	*ǵénuh₁(e)	*ǵénewes
vocative	*ǵénu	*ǵénuh₁(e)	*ǵénewes
accusative	*ǵénum	*ǵénuh₁(e)	*ǵénums
genitive	*ǵn̥wés	*?	*ǵn̥wóHom
ablative	*ǵn̥wés	*?	*ǵnumós, *ǵnubʰós
dative	*ǵn̥wéy	*?	*ǵnumós, *ǵnubʰós
locative	*ǵnéw, *ǵnéwi	*?	*ǵnusú
instrumental	*ǵn̥wéh₁	*?	*ǵnumís, *ǵnubʰís

Related terms

• *ǵónh₂dʰ(h₁)os ~ *ǵn̥h₂dʰ(h₁)-?
  • ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: zods
    • Lithuanian: žándas
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • >? Ancient Greek: γνάθος (gnáthos) (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

• ⇒ Proto-Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: *ծին-աւտ (*cin-awt)
    • Old Armenian: ծնօտ (cnōt), ծնաւտ (cnawt), ծնոտ (cnot)
      • Armenian: ծնոտ (cnot)
• ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  • Old Prussian: żauna
• Proto-Celtic: *genus (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *kinnuz (with geminate *nn of uncertain origin; perhaps < *ǵenw-ú-s?) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *génus
  • Ancient Greek: γένυς (génus)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ʰánuš (with unexplained aspiration of *ĵ) (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Proto-Italic: *genā f
  • Latin: gena (“cheek(bone)”) (see there for further descendants)
• ⇒ Phrygian: ἀζήν (azḗn, “beard”)
• Proto-Tocharian: *ćänu
  • Tocharian A: śanwem du (“jaws”)