Wiktionary

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ṓms

 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Alternative reconstructions

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  • *h₁om(e)so-, *h₄om(e)so-,[1] *h₁ōm(e)so-, *h₄ōm(e)so-[2]
  • *h₂óm-s-s ~ *h₂m-és-m̥ ~ *h₂m̥-s-ós[3]
  • *h₃emeso-[4]
  • *h₃ém-ōs ~ *h₃m̥-s-ós[5]
  • *h₃ems-o-[6][7]

Noun

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*h₂ṓms m

  1. shoulder

Inflection

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The varied stems in the descendants have been believed to be thematic derivatives of an underlying base s-stem noun. The inflection of this base s-stem noun is disputed.

According to Martirosyan:

Athematic, proterokinetic
singular
nominative *h₂ṓms
genitive *h₂mésos
singular dual plural
nominative *h₂ṓms *h₂ómsh₁(e) *h₂ómses
vocative *h₂óms *h₂ómsh₁(e) *h₂ómses
accusative *h₂ómsm̥ *h₂ómsh₁(e) *h₂ómsm̥s
genitive *h₂mésos *? *h₂mésoHom
ablative *h₂mésos *? *h₂mésmos, *h₂mésbʰos
dative *h₂mésey *? *h₂mésmos, *h₂mésbʰos
locative *h₂més, *h₂mési *? *h₂mésu
instrumental *h₂mésh₁ *? *h₂mésmis, *h₂mésbʰis

According to Kroonen:

Athematic, amphikinetic
singular
nominative *h₃émōs
genitive *h₃m̥sés
singular dual plural
nominative *h₃émōs *h₃émosh₁(e) *h₃émoses
vocative *h₃émos *h₃émosh₁(e) *h₃émoses
accusative *h₃émosm̥ *h₃émosh₁(e) *h₃émosm̥s
genitive *h₃m̥sés *? *h₃m̥sóHom
ablative *h₃m̥sés *? *h₃m̥smós, *h₃m̥sbʰós
dative *h₃m̥séy *? *h₃m̥smós, *h₃m̥sbʰós
locative *h₃m̥és, *h₃m̥ési *? *h₃m̥sú
instrumental *h₃m̥séh₁ *? *h₃m̥smís, *h₃m̥sbʰís

Derived terms

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  • *h₂ómes-o-s[8][9][4]
    • Proto-Italic: *omesos[9]
  • *h₂óms-o-s[10][11]
    • Proto-Germanic: *amsaz[5][11] (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hámsas[7] (see there for further descendants)
  • *h₂ṓms-o-s

Descendants

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References

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  1. ^ Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 179
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “āntse”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 46
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 643
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 43
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  6. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ὦμος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1679-1680
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “áṃsa-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  8. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “umerus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 640
  10. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “om(e)so-s”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 778
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*amsaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 17
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