Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/swéḱs

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative forms

• *kswéḱs

Etymology

Given the attested forms in the daughter languages, some have proposed that the original form was *wéḱs (whence Armenian, Old Prussian and possibly Ancient Greek). The initial *s- would then be secondary (imported from *septḿ̥), and when it was just added the result was *swéḱs (Celtic, Iranian, and Ancient Greek if it is not from *wéḱs), whereas when it was substituted for the original consonant, the result was *séḱs (Sanskrit, Latin, Germanic, Balto-Slavic, and Albanian).

Numeral

Proto-Indo-European cardinal numbers

<  5	6	7  >
Cardinal : *swéḱs     Ordinal : *sweḱstós

*swéḱs

1. six

Derived terms

• *swéḱsdḱomt (see there for further descendants)
• *suḱstós
  • >? Old Prussian: usts

Descendants

• Proto-Albanian: *seksti (see there for further descendants)
• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: վեց (vecʻ)
    • Armenian: վեց (vecʻ)
• Proto-Balto-Slavic: *šéš (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Celtic: *swexs (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Germanic: *sehs (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic: *hwéks (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *šwáćš (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Italic: *seks (see there for further descendants)
• Tocharian:
  • Tocharian А: ṣäk
  • Tocharian В: ṣkas
• → Proto-Kartvelian: *eks₁w- (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN