Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/pánča

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

**Proto-Iranian cardinal numbers**
< 4	5	6 >
Cardinal : *pánča

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pánča.

Numeral

*pánča

five

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬧𐬗𐬀 (paṇca)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian: *panǰa
  - Proto-Sarmatian: *fanǯ
    - Alanic: *fænʒ
      - Ossetian: фондз (fonʒ)
  - Proto-Saka-Wakhi: *panǰa
    - Proto-Saka: *panja
      - Old Khotanese: [script needed] (paṃjsa)
        Late Khotanese: [script needed] (pajsa)
      - Tumshuqese: [script needed] (paṃtsi), [script needed] (patsi)
    - Wakhi: panʒ
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Bactrian: πανζο (panzo)
  - Khwarezmian: پنڅ (pnc /⁠*panc⁠/)
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian: (/⁠panč(u)⁠/)
      Sogdian script: [script needed] (pnc), [script needed] (pncw)
      
      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫝𐫇 (pncw)
      
      Syriac script: ܦܢܨ (pnc), ܦܢܨܘ (pncw)
    - Yagnobi: панч (panč)
Southeastern Iranian:
- Ormuri-Parachi:
  - Ormuri: پېنڅ (pēnc)
  - Parachi: پونچ (pōnč)
- Pashto: پنځه (pinźë́)
- Shughni: пӣнӡ (pīnʒ)
- Yidgha: پانش (pānš)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Baluchi: پنچ (panč)
- Kurdish:
  Central Kurdish: پێنج (pênc /⁠pēnǰ⁠/)
  
  Northern Kurdish: pênc (/⁠pēnǰ⁠/)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian:
  - Caspian:
    - Gilaki: پٚنج (pənǰ), پنج (panj)
    - Mazanderani: پنج (penǰ)
  - Old Median:
    - Talysh: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)
      Arabic script: پنج
      
      Latin script: pənc
  - Parthian: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)
    Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫋 (pnj)
    - → Middle Persian: (/⁠panǰ⁠/)
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pnc), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HWMŠYA)
      
      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫋 (pnj)
      - Classical Persian: پنج (panj)
        Persian: پنج (panj)
        
        Tajik: панҷ (panj)
  - Zaza-Gorani:
    - Gurani: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)
      - Kurdish:
        → Central Kurdish: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)
        
        → Laki: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)
        
        → Southern Kurdish: په‌نج (penc /⁠panǰ⁠/)
    - Zazaki: panc (/⁠pānǰ⁠/), ponc (/⁠ponǰ⁠/), panj (/⁠pānž⁠/)
Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: *panča
  - Middle Persian: (/⁠panč(early), panz(late)⁠/)
    Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫗𐫝 (pnc), 𐫛𐫗𐫉 (pnz)
    
    Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (pnc), [Book Pahlavi needed] (HWMŠYA)
    - Classical Persian: پنچ (panč)