Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dьrnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Fossilized n-participle of *dьrati (“to tear”) +‎ *-nъ, from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear”). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *turnaz (“bitter; anger, wrath”) and akin to Sanskrit दीर्ण (dīrṇa, “scattered”), Sanskrit दृणाति (dṛṇāti, “to tear, to burst”).

Noun

*dь̀rnъ m

1. piece, chunk

   Synonyms: *kǫsъ, *butьca

2. toft, sod

Alternative forms

• *dьrno n
• *dьrnь (i-stem)

Declension

Declension of *dьrnъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dьrnъ	*dьrna	*dьrni
genitive	*dьrna	*dьrnu	*dьrnъ
dative	*dьrnu	*dьrnoma	*dьrnomъ
accusative	*dьrnъ	*dьrna	*dьrny
instrumental	*dьrnъmь, *dьrnomь*	*dьrnoma	*dьrny
locative	*dьrně	*dьrnu	*dьrněxъ
vocative	*dьrne	*dьrna	*dьrni

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *dьrnina (“toft”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: дернъ (dernŭ)
  • Russian: дёрн (djorn), дерн (dern)
  • Ukrainian: де́рен (déren)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: дрьнъ (drĭnŭ)
  • Bulgarian: дръ́н (drǎ́n), дъ́рн (dǎ́rn)
  • Macedonian: дрн (drn)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: дрн (“sea rock”) (archaic)

    Latin script: drn (“sea rock”) (archaic)

  • Slovene: dr̄n, arch. dȑn
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: drn
  • Polish: darń (from i-stem)
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: dorn
    • Lower Sorbian: dern m, derno n

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “дерн”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dьrnъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 224
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дрън¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 437