Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sprekan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sprekaną.

Verb

*sprekan

1. to speak

Inflection

Strong class 5
Infinitive	*sprekan
1st sg. past	*sprak
3rd pl. past	*sprākun
Past ptcple	*sprekan
Infinitive	*sprekan
Genitive infin.	*sprekannjas
Dative infin.	*sprekannjē
Instrum. infin.	*sprekannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*spreku	*sprak
2nd singular	*sprikiʀi	*sprākī
3rd singular	*sprikidi	*sprak
1st plural	*sprekum	*sprākum
2nd plural	*sprikid	*sprākud
3rd plural	*sprekand	*sprākun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*sprekē	*sprākī
2nd singular	*sprekēs	*sprākī
3rd singular	*sprekē	*sprākī
1st plural	*sprekēm	*sprākīm
2nd plural	*sprekēþ	*sprākīd
3rd plural	*sprekēn	*sprākīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*sprik
Plural	*sprikid
	Present	Past
Participle	*sprekandī	*sprekan

Descendants

• Old English: sprecan, spreocan, spræcan, specan
  • Middle English: speken
    • English: speak
    • Scots: speke, speik
• Old Frisian: spreka
  • Saterland Frisian: spreke
  • West Frisian: sprekke
• Old Saxon: sprekan
  • Middle Low German: sprēken
    • Low German: spreken
    • Plautdietsch: spräakjen
• Old Dutch: sprecan
  • Middle Dutch: sprēken
    • Dutch: spreken
    • Limburgish: spraeke
• Old High German: sprehhan, sprechan
  • Middle High German: sprëchen
    • Central Franconian: sjprèche
    • German: sprechen
      • → Czech: šprechtit
      • → Polish: szprechać
      • → Serbo-Croatian: šprȅhati / шпре̏хати
      • → Ukrainian: шпрехати (šprexaty)
    • Hunsrik: spreche
    • Luxembourgish: spriechen