Rom

See also: Appendix:Variations of "rom"

English

A Rom (Romani) musician in the Czech Republic.

Etymology 1

From Romani rrom (“Romani man”), probably ultimately from Sanskrit डोम (ḍoma, “member of a low caste of travelling musicians and dancers”). See some more information at Roma.

The other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt) and cognates of tzigane (words derived from Greek); see those entries for more information.

Not related to Romanian or Roman.

Pronunciation

• (UK) enPR: rōm, IPA^(key): /ɹəʊm/
• (US) enPR: rōm, IPA^(key): /ɹoʊm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əʊm
• Homophones: roam, Rome

Proper noun

Rom

1. The ethnic designation used by the Romani people from Eastern Europe.
2. (rare) The Romani language.

Translations

language — see Romani

Noun

Rom (plural Roms or Roma)

1. A member of the Romani people.
2. (in particular) A male member of the Romani people who is married and considered respectable amongst the family.

Synonyms

(member):

• (self-designations) Romani, Roma
• (sometimes offensive) Gypsy, gypsy; tzigane

Hyponyms

(member): Sinto, Romanichal

Translations

a member of the Romani people

• Albanian: cigan (sq) m, evgjit (sq) m, arixhi (sq) m
• Arabic: رُومَانِيّ m (rūmāniyy); غَجَرِيّ m (ḡajariyy), غَجَر (ar) (ḡajar)

  Egyptian Arabic: غجرى m (ḡagarī), نورى m (nūrī)

• Armenian: գնչու (hy) (gnčʻu), գնչուհի (hy) (gnčʻuhi)
• Azerbaijani: qaraçı
• Basque: ijito
• Belarusian: ром m (rom); цыга́н m (cyhán), цыга́нка f (cyhánka)
• Caló: calorró m, calorrí f, zincaló m, zincallí f
• Catalan: gitano (ca) m, bomià m (obsolete)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 羅姆人／罗姆人 (zh) (Luómǔrén); 吉普賽人／吉普赛人 (zh) (Jípǔsài-rén)

• Czech: Rom (cs) m; Cikán m, Cikánka f
• Danish: roma c, romani c; sigøjner
• Dutch: zigeuner (nl) m, zigeunerin (nl) f
• Esperanto: cigano, roŭmo, romao
• Estonian: mustlane
• Faroese: romi m; sigoyni m
• Finnish: mustalainen (fi), romani (fi)
• French: Rom (fr) m, Rrom (fr) m; bohémien (fr) m, gitan (fr) m, tsigane (fr) m or f
• Georgian: ბოშა (boša)
• German: Zigeuner (de) m, Zigeunerin (de) f (female); Rom (de) m, Roma m pl (in plural), Romni (de) f (female); Sinti und Roma pl (in plural), Roma und Sinti pl (in plural)
• Greek: Ρομ (el) m (Rom)
• Hebrew: צועני m (tzo'ani)
• Hindi: रोमा (romā); जिप्सी (hi) (jipsī)
• Hungarian: roma (hu); cigány (hu)
• Icelandic: Rómafólk pl, Rómanir pl; Sígauni m
• Italian: zingaro (it) m, zingara (it) f
• Japanese: ロム (Romu), ロマ (Roma); ジプシー (ja) (Jipushī)
• Kazakh: сыған (syğan)
• Korean: 롬 (Rom); 집시 (Jipsi)
• Latin: cingarus
• Latvian: čigāns m
• Lithuanian: čigonas (lt) m, čigonė m
• Macedonian: Ром m (Rom); Циган m (Cigan)
• Maltese: żingari m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: sigøyner m, sigøynerske f

  Nynorsk: sigøynar m, sigøynerske f

• Persian: کولی (fa) (kowli)
• Plautdietsch: Ziejoon m
• Polish: Cygan (pl) m, Cyganka (pl) f, Rom (pl) m, Romka (pl) f
• Portuguese: români (pt) m or f, romani (pt) m or f; cigano (pt) m, cigana f
• Romani: rrom m, rromni f
• Romanian: rom (ro) m; țigan (ro) m
• Russian: ро́ма (ru) m or f (róma), рома́л m (romál), рома́лка f (romálka); ром (ru) m (rom) (uncommon); цыга́н (ru) m (cygán), цыга́нка (ru) f (cygánka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Ром m, Ромкиња f; Циган m, Циганка f

  Roman: Rom m, Romkinja f; Cigan m, Ciganka (sh) f

• Sicilian: Gitani
• Slovak: Róm m, Rómka f; Cigán m, Cigánka f
• Slovene: Rom m; cigan m, ciganka f
• Spanish: gitano (es) m, gitana (es) f
• Swedish: rom (sv); zigenare (sv), zigenerska (sv)
• Turkish: Roman (tr); Çingene (tr)
• Ukrainian: ром m (rom); цига́н m (cyhán), цига́нка f (cyhánka)
• Vietnamese: người Di-gan, người Xư-gan, người Bô-hê-miên
• Volapük: (♂♀) zigan (vo), (♂) hizigan, (♀) jizigan, (older term) cipsan
• Walloon: djupsyin (wa) m, djupsyinne (wa) f, bowemyin (wa) m, bowemyinne (wa) f
• Yiddish: ראָמ m (rom), ראָמני f (romni)

a male member of the Romani people

Adjective

Rom (not comparable)

1. (rare) Romani: of or pertaining to the Roma people.

Translations

Romani — see Romani

Etymology 2

Back-formation from Romford.

Pronunciation

• enPR: rom, IPA^(key): /ɹɒm/
• Rhymes: -ɒm

Proper noun

Rom

1. A short river in Greater London which flows into the River Thames.

See also

• ROM

Anagrams

• MOR, MRO, Mor, Mor., O/RM, OMR, ORM, RMO

Cebuano

Proper noun

Rom

1. a surname

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrom]

Noun

Rom m anim (female equivalent Romka)

1. a Roma

   Synonym: Cikán

Usage notes

• The term Cikán is often intentionally derogatory and is therefore considered racist by many. Consequently, careful speakers use this term instead. Cikán is still the prevailing term in informal Czech and in historical usage, however.

Declension

Declension of Rom (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	Rom	Romové
genitive	Roma	Romů
dative	Romovi, Romu	Romům
accusative	Roma	Romy
vocative	Rome	Romové
locative	Romovi, Romu	Romech
instrumental	Romem	Romy

Derived terms

• romský
• romština

 

Danish

Proper noun

Rom

1. Rome (the capital city of Italy)

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

Rom m (plural Roms or Roma)

1. (often in the plural) Rom (member of the Roma people), Romani

   Synonym: (sometimes offensive) zigeuner

French

Noun

Rom m (plural Roms)

1. a Roma

German

Etymology 1

From Middle High German Rōme, from Old High German Rōma, a relatinisation of Rūma, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁoːm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -oːm

Proper noun

Rom n (proper noun, genitive Roms or (optionally with an article) Rom, plural (rare) Rom or Roms)

1. Rome
   1. The capital city of Italy
   2. A former province of Italy
   3. The Italian government
   4. The Holy See, Vatican
   5. (historical) The Roman empire
   6. (historical, usually specified as Ostrom etc.) Constantinople, Byzantium

Derived terms

• Römer
• römisch
• Römling
• Ostrom
• Westrom

Etymology 2

From Romani rrom (“Romani man”); see there for more.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁɔm/, /ʁoːm/

Noun

Rom m (strong, genitive Roms, plural Roma, feminine Romni)

1. (often in the plural) Rom (member of the Roma people), Romani

   Synonym: (sometimes offensive) Zigeuner

   Hyponym: Sinto

Declension

Declension of Rom [masculine, strong]

	singular			plural
	indef.	def.	noun	def.	noun
nominative	ein	der	Rom	die	Roma
genitive	eines	des	Roms	der	Roma
dative	einem	dem	Rom	den	Roma
accusative	einen	den	Rom	die	Roma

Further reading

• “Rom (Stadt)” in Duden online
• “Rom (Volksgruppe)” in Duden online

Norwegian Bokmål

Proper noun

Rom

1. Alternative form of Roma: Rome (the capital city of Italy)

Derived terms

• Rom ble ikke bygget på en dag

 

Old English

Alternative forms

• Rūm

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /roːm/

Proper noun

Rōm f

1. Rome
   • late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans

     Æfter þǣm þe Rōmeburg ġetimbred wæs IIII hunde wintra ⁊ II, þætte Cartaina þǣre burge ǣrendracan cōmon tō Rōme ⁊ him ġebudon þæt hīe frið him betwēonum hæfden...

     Four hundred and two years after the city of Rome was built, ambassadors [from] the city of Carthage came to Rome and proposed that there be peace between them...

Declension

Strong ō-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	Rōm	—
accusative	Rōme	—
genitive	Rōme	—
dative	Rōme	—

Derived terms

• Rēmisċ
• Rōme burg
• Rōmfeoh
• Rōmpenning
• Rōmwaran
• Rōmwealh
• Rōmāna rīċe
• Rōmāne
• Rōmānisċ
• Rōmġesċot

 

Descendants

• Middle English: Rome
  • English: Rome
  • Scots: Roum, Rome

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from Romani rrom, probably ultimately from Sanskrit डोम (ḍoma, “member of a low caste of travelling musicians and dancers”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔm
• Syllabification: Rom

Noun

Rom m pers (female equivalent Romka)

1. Romani

   Synonym: Cygan

Declension

Declension of Rom

	singular	plural
nominative	Rom	Romowie
genitive	Roma	Romów
dative	Romowi	Romom
accusative	Roma	Romów
instrumental	Romem	Romami
locative	Romie	Romach
vocative	Romie	Romowie

Derived terms

adjective

• romski

 

Further reading

• Rom in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• Rom in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Saterland Frisian

n Rom.

Etymology

From Old Frisian *ram, from Proto-Germanic *rammaz. Cognates include West Frisian raam and German Ramme.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrɔm/
• Hyphenation: Rom

Noun

Rom m

1. ram (male sheep)

Hypernyms

• Skäip (“sheep”); Buk (“buck”)

Coordinate terms

• Oue

 

References

• Marron C. Fort (2015) “Rom”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rôːm/

Proper noun

Rȏm m (Cyrillic spelling Ро̑м)

1. Rom (male Romani person)

Declension

Declension of Rom

	singular	plural
nominative	Rom	Romi
genitive	Roma	Roma
dative	Romu	Romima
accusative	Roma	Rome
vocative	Rome	Romi
locative	Romu	Romima
instrumental	Romom	Romima

Derived terms

• Rȍmkinja

 

Swedish

Proper noun

Rom n (genitive Roms)

1. Rome (the capital city of Italy)

Related terms

• romansk
• romare
• romersk
• romerska

 

See also

• Romarriket
• romanskt språk

References

• Rom in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• Svensk MeSH

Anagrams

• mor, orm

Volapük

Proper noun

Rom

1. Rome (the capital city of Italy)