abraid

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /əˈbɹeɪd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪd

Etymology 1

From Middle English abraiden, abreiden (“to start up, awake, move, reproach”), from Old English ābreġdan (“to move quickly, vibrate, draw, draw from, remove, unsheath, wrench, pull out, withdraw, take away, draw back, free from, draw up, raise, lift up, start up”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (“out”) + *bregdaną (“to move, swing”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrēḱ-, *bʰrēǵ- (“to shine”), equivalent to a- +‎ braid. Related to Dutch breien (“to knit”), German bretten (“to knit”).

Alternative forms

• abray

Verb

abraid (third-person singular simple present abraids, present participle abraiding, simple past and past participle abraided or abraid)

1. (transitive, obsolete) To wrench (something) out. [10th–13th c.]
2. (transitive, obsolete) To unsheathe a blade, draw a weapon. [10th–13th c.]
3. (intransitive, obsolete) To wake up. [11th–18th c.]
   • 1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book IV, Canto VI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], part II (books IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, page 90:

     But when as I did out of ſleepe abray, / I found her not where I her left whyleare, […]

   • 1600, Edward Fairfax, The Jerusalem Delivered of Tasso, XIII, l:

     But from his study he at last abray'd, / Call'd by the hermit old […]

4. (intransitive, archaic) To spring, start, make a sudden movement. [from 11th c.]
5. (intransitive, transitive, obsolete) To shout out. [15th–16th c.]
6. (transitive, obsolete) To rise in the stomach with nausea. [16th–19th c.]

Related terms

• abray

Etymology 2

From Middle English abrede. More at abread.

Adverb

abraid (not comparable)

1. Alternative form of abread

References

• The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 5th edition

Anagrams

• Arabid, Rabadi, rabadi

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈabˠɾˠədʲ/

Verb

abraid

1. (archaic, Munster) inflection of abair:
   1. third-person plural present indicative dependent
   2. third-person plural present subjunctive

Usage notes

The standard modern form is deir siad in the indicative and go ndeire siad in the subjunctive.

Mutation

Mutated forms of abraid

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
abraid	n-abraid	habraid	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Scots

Etymology 1

Nonce corruption from Middle English upbreiden, from Old English upbreġdan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʌˈbred/

Verb

abraid

1. to upbraid, criticize severely

References

• “abraid, v.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Etymology 2

Adverb

abraid

1. Alternative form of abreed (“abroad”)

References

• “abraid, adv.”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.