aghaidh

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish agad (“face, countenance; surface; expanse”).

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɑiɟ/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ai/
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /ˈaiə/, /ai/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /əi̯/, /ɤi̯/, /ˈaiə/

Noun

aghaidh f (genitive singular aghaidhe or aighthe, nominative plural aghaidheanna or aighthe)

1. face

   Synonym: éadan

2. front, aspect
3. dial (of clock)
4. obverse (of coin)

Declension

Declension of aghaidh (second declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative aghaidh aghaidheanna vocative a aghaidh a aghaidheanna genitive aghaidhe aghaidheanna dative aghaidh aghaidheanna forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an aghaidh na haghaidheanna genitive na haghaidhe na n-aghaidheanna dative leis an aghaidh don aghaidh leis na haghaidheanna

Alternative declension

Declension of aghaidh (second declension)

bare forms case singular plural nominative aghaidh aighthe vocative a aghaidh a aighthe genitive aighthe aighthe dative aghaidh aighthe forms with the definite article case singular plural nominative an aghaidh na haighthe genitive na haighthe na n-aighthe dative leis an aghaidh don aghaidh leis na haighthe

Derived terms

• aghaidh ar aghaidh (“face to face”)
• aghaidh-dhána (“bold-faced”, adjective)
• aghaidhbhéasach (“civil-looking”, adjective)
• ar aghaidh (“in front of, opposite, facing”)
• in aghaidh (“contrary to; opposed to, against”)
• le haghaidh (“for; near; in store for”)

 

Mutation

Mutated forms of aghaidh

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aghaidh	n-aghaidh	haghaidh	not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “aghaidh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “aghaidh”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “aghaidh”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish agad (“face, countenance; surface; expanse”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɤ.ɪ/
• (Tiree, Mull, Islay) IPA^(key): [ˈɤʔɤç]
• (North West Sutherland, Inverness-shire, Deeside, Perthshire) IPA^(key): [ˈɤɣɪ]

Noun

aghaidh f (genitive singular aghaidhe, plural aghaidhean)

1. face

   Synonym: aodann

2. surface
3. front
4. (slang) cheek, impudence

Derived terms

• aghaidh ri aghaidh (“face to face”)
• aghaidh-choimheach (“mask”)
• an aghaidh (“against”)
• eadar-aghaidh (“interface”)
• seòmar-aghaidh (“antechamber, front room”)

 

Mutation

Mutation of aghaidh

radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
aghaidh	n-aghaidh	h-aghaidh	t-aghaidh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “aghaidh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “agad, aiged”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language