astreindre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French astreindre, from Latin astringere (“bind, tighten”).

Pronunciation

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Verb

astreindre

(transitive) to constrain, compel

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

Conjugation of astreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	compound	avoir + past participle
infinitive	simple	astreindre
present participle or gerund¹	simple	astreignant /as.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/
present participle or gerund¹	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/	astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/	astreint /as.tʁɛ̃/	astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/	astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/	astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/
	imperfect	astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/	astreignais /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/	astreignait /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/	astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/	astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/	astreignaient /as.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɛ/
	past historic²	astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/	astreignis /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/	astreignit /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/	astreignîmes /as.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /as.tʁe.ɲim/	astreignîtes /as.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /as.tʁe.ɲit/	astreignirent /as.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /as.tʁe.ɲiʁ/
	future	astreindrai /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/	astreindras /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/	astreindra /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/	astreindrons /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/	astreindrez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/	astreindront /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	astreindrais /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	astreindrait /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/	astreindrions /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	astreindriez /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/	astreindraient /as.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior²	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/	astreignes /as.tʁɛɲ/	astreigne /as.tʁɛɲ/	astreignions /as.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/	astreigniez /as.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲje/	astreignent /as.tʁɛɲ/
(simple tenses)	imperfect²	astreignisse /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/	astreignisses /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/	astreignît /as.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi/	astreignissions /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/	astreignissiez /as.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /as.tʁe.ɲi.sje/	astreignissent /as.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /as.tʁe.ɲis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
(compound tenses)	pluperfect²	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	~~nous~~	~~vous~~	–
simple		—	astreins /as.tʁɛ̃/	—	astreignons /as.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /as.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/	astreignez /as.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /as.tʁe.ɲe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
¹ The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
² In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

astreignable

Related terms

astringent

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