bʾg

Middle Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Persian *bāgah (“garden, orchard”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰāgás (“division; allotment”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g- (“to divide, distribute, allot”); see there for more. The sense development is ‘portion, share, allotment’ → ‘landed allotment’ → ‘garden’. The same semantic development occurred in the Armenian cognate բակ (bak).

Noun

bʾg • (bāğ)

1. garden, orchard

Descendants

• Persian: باغ (bâğ)
  • → Armenian: բաղ (baġ)
  • → Azerbaijani: bağ
  • → Bengali: বাগ (bag)
  • → Crimean Tatar: bağ
  • → English: bagh
  • → Gilaki: باغ (båğ)
  • → Georgian: ბაღი (baɣi)
  • → Gujarati: બાગ (bāg)
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: बाग़ (bāġ)
    • Urdu: باغ (bāġ)
  • → Kazakh: бақ (baq), бау (bau)
  • → Khalaj: bâğ
  • → Kipchak: باغ (bağ)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: باغ (bağ)
    • Turkish: bağ
    • → Laz: ბაღი (baği)
  • → Pashto: باغ (bâǧ)
  • → Punjabi:
    • Gurmukhi script: ਬਾਗ਼ (bāġ)
    • Shahmukhi script: باغ (bāġ)
  • → Turkmen: bag
  • → Uyghur: باغ (bagh)
  • → Uzbek: bogʻ
  • → Sarikoli: bā̊ɣ

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “bāγ”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2013) “The place of Armenian in the Indo-European language family: the relationship with Greek and Indo-Iranian”, in Journal of Language Relationship‎^[1], number 10, page 99
• Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎^[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 53
• Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 51