beden

See also: beðen, bədən, and бәдән

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Derived from Arabic بَدَن (badan).

Noun

beden

1. body

   Synonyms: cısım, kevde, ceset, madde, ten

   beden azaları ― body parts

Declension

Declension of beden

	singular	plural
nominative	beden	bedenler
genitive	bedenniñ	bedenlerniñ
dative	bedenge	bedenlerge
accusative	bedenni	bedenlerni
locative	bedende	bedenlerde
ablative	bedenden	bedenlerden

Derived terms

• beden piçimi
• beden terbiyesi
• bedence
• bedeniy

 

References

• “beden”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛdɛn]

Noun

beden f

1. genitive plural of bedna

Danish

Noun

beden n

1. definite singular of bede

Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

beden

1. plural of bede

Low German

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German bêden, from Old Saxon biodan. Compare Dutch bieden, German bieten, English bid, bede, Danish byde.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛɪ̯dⁿn̩]

Verb

beden (third-person singular simple present büddt, past tense bood, past participle baden, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. to offer
2. to provide

Conjugation

Conjugation of beden (class 2 strong verb)

infinitive	beden
indicative	present	preterite
1st person singular	beed	bood
2nd person singular	büdds(t)	boods(t)
3rd person singular	büdd(t)	bood
plural	beedt, beeden	boden
imperative	present	—
singular	beed
plural	beedt
participle	present	past
	beden	(e)baden, gebaden
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• bäden
• biäden

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbeːdⁿn̩]
• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛːdⁿn̩]
• IPA^(key): [ˈbiɛ̯dⁿn̩] 'Westphalian; also ⟨biäden⟩'
• IPA^(key): [ˈbɛɪ̯dⁿn̩] in accents that merged /ɛɪ̯ : eː/

Verb

beden

1. to pray

Conjugation

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

• weak verb

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English bēodan, from Proto-West Germanic *beudan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰéwdʰeti.

Alternative forms

• beoden, boden, buden, bieden, beiden, beade, bedden

Verb

beden (third-person singular simple present bedeth, present participle bedende, bedynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative bede, past participle boden)

1. To offer, present
2. To proclaim
3. To command (sense borrowed from bidden)

Conjugation

Conjugation of beden (strong class 2)

infinitive	(to) beden, bede
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	bede	bed
2nd-person singular	bedest	bude, bede, bode, bed
3rd-person singular	bedeth	bed
subjunctive singular	bede	bude1, bede1, bode1
imperative singular		—
plural2	beden, bede	buden, bude, beden, bede, boden
imperative plural	bedeth, bede	—
participles	bedynge, bedende	boden, bode, ybode

¹Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
²Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: bid, bede
• Scots: bede

References

• “bẹ̄den, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From bede +‎ -en (plural suffix).

Noun

beden

1. (Early Middle English) plural of bede

Middle Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon biodan, from Proto-Germanic *beudaną.

Pronunciation

• Stem vowel: ê⁴
  • (originally) IPA^(key): /beːðən/

Verb

bêden

1. to offer

Declension

Conjugation of beden as a class 2a strong verb

Plain Infinitive	bêden
Full Infinitive (Gerund)	tô bêdene or tô bêdende
Verbal Noun	bêden or bêdent
Participles			Imperatives
Present	bêdende		2nd Person Singular	bêt
Past	gebōden or gebāden		2nd Person Plural	bêdet
	Indicative		Subjunctive
	Present	Preterite	Present	Preterite
1st Person Singular	bêde	bôt	bêde	bȫde
2nd Person Singular	bü̂dest or bü̂̂tst	bōdest or bȫdest	bêdest	bȫdest
3rd Person Singular	bü̂det or bü̂̂t	bôt	bêdet	bȫde
Plural	bêden (bêdet?)	bōden or bȫden	bêden	bȫden

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• bedd

Participle

beden (neuter bede, definite singular and plural bedne)

1. past participle of be
2. past participle of beda

Anagrams

• bende, edb-en, EDB-en

Old English

Verb

beden

1. past participle of biddan

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *bědьnъ. Morphologically, from beda +‎ -en.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bèːdən/

Adjective

bẹ́dən (comparative bẹ́dnejši, superlative nȁjbẹ́dnejši)

1. miserable

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Hard
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nom. sing.	béden	bédna	bédno
singular
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	béden ind bédni def	bédna	bédno
genitive	bédnega	bédne	bédnega
dative	bédnemu	bédni	bédnemu
accusative	nominativeinan or genitiveanim	bédno	bédno
locative	bédnem	bédni	bédnem
instrumental	bédnim	bédno	bédnim
dual
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	bédna	bédni	bédni
genitive	bédnih	bédnih	bédnih
dative	bédnima	bédnima	bédnima
accusative	bédna	bédni	bédni
locative	bédnih	bédnih	bédnih
instrumental	bédnima	bédnima	bédnima
plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	bédni	bédne	bédna
genitive	bédnih	bédnih	bédnih
dative	bédnim	bédnim	bédnim
accusative	bédne	bédne	bédna
locative	bédnih	bédnih	bédnih
instrumental	bédnimi	bédnimi	bédnimi

Further reading

• “beden”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بدن (beden), from Arabic بَدَن (badan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /beˈdɛn/, [beˈdæn]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: be‧den

Noun

beden (definite accusative bedeni, plural bedenler)

1. body

   Synonym: vücut

2. size (a specific set of dimensions for clothing)
3. Ellipsis of beden eğitimi.

   Sizin bedene kim giriyor?

   Who's your PE teacher?

   Could be understood as "Who enters your body?"

Usage notes

• In the sense "size", beden isn't used for footwear. See numara.

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	beden
Definite accusative	bedeni
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	beden	bedenler
Definite accusative	bedeni	bedenleri
Dative	bedene	bedenlere
Locative	bedende	bedenlerde
Ablative	bedenden	bedenlerden
Genitive	bedenin	bedenlerin

Derived terms

• battal beden
• beden cezası
• beden dili
• beden eğitimi
• beden işçisi
• beden terbiyesi
• bedence
• bedenci
• bedenen
• bedenî
• bedenkâr
• bedennur
• bedensel
• dümen bedeni
• kale bedeni
• sıfır beden

 

Further reading

• “beden”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “beden”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010) “beden”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “beden”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 485