Wiktionary

ber

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ber"

Translingual

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Symbol

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ber

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Berber languages.

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Hindi बेर (ber).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ber (plural bers)

  1. A fruit-bearing tree (Ziziphus mauritiana); the jujube.

See also

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References

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Albanian *bōr-, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰōrs-, from root *bʰers- (“point, tip bolt”). Cognate to Old Irish barr (“point”).[1]

Noun

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ber m (plural berë, definite beri, definite plural berët)

  1. bow, arc, arch
  2. arrow
  3. javelin, lance
  4. European whipsnake (Dolichophis jugularis, syn. Coluber jugularis)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Demiraj, B. (1997) Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 95

Cimbrian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle High German wer, from Old High German wer, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz. Cognate with German wer, English who.

Pronoun

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ber

  1. (Luserna) who
    Bobrall du geast, gedenkhte ber du pist. ― Wherever you go, remember who you are.

References

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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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ber

  1. second-person singular imperative of brát

Anagrams

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Elfdalian

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Adjective

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ber

  1. bare, uncovered

Inflection

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This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Faroese

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Old Norse ber, from Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją.

Noun

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ber n (genitive singular bers, plural ber)

  1. berry
Declension
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n22 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ber berið ber berini
accusative ber berið ber berini
dative beri berinum berjum, berum berjunum, berunum
genitive bers bersins berja berjanna
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Conjugated form.

Verb

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ber

  1. inflection of bera:
    1. third-person singular present
    2. second-person singular imperative
Derived terms
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French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French berz, from Vulgar Latin *bertium (“little cradle”), from Gaulish.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ber m (plural bers)

  1. (nautical) a cradle that holds a ship before and during its launch

Further reading

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Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse berr, from Proto-Germanic *bazaz.

Adjective

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ber (comparative berari, superlative berastur)

  1. bare
  2. bare, naked
  3. uncovered
  4. discovered
    Hann varð ber að lygi.
    He was caught lying.
Declension
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positive forms of ber
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative ber ber bert
accusative beran bera
dative berum berri beru
genitive bers berrar bers
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative berir berar ber
accusative bera
dative berum
genitive berra
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative beri bera bera
acc/dat/gen bera beru
plural (all-case) beru
comparative forms of ber
weak declension
(definite) 		masculine feminine neuter
singular (all-case) berari berari berara
plural (all-case) berari
superlative forms of ber
strong declension
(indefinite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative berastur berust berast
accusative berastan berasta
dative berustum berastri berustu
genitive berasts berastrar berasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative berastir berastar berust
accusative berasta
dative berustum
genitive berastra
weak declension
(definite) 		singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative berasti berasta berasta
acc/dat/gen berasta berustu
plural (all-case) berustu
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Norse ber, from Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją.

Noun

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ber n (genitive singular bers, nominative plural ber)

  1. berry
Declension
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Declension of ber (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ber berið ber berin
accusative ber berið ber berin
dative beri berinu berjum berjunum
genitive bers bersins berja berjanna
Derived terms
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Latvian

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Verb

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ber

  1. inflection of bērt:
    1. second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. third-person plural present indicative
    3. second-person singular imperative
  2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of bērt
  3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of bērt

Middle High German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    From Old High German bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈber/, /ˈbɛr/

    Noun

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    ber or bër m

    1. bear

    Declension

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    Declension of ber (masculine, class 1 strong)
    singular plural
    indef. def. noun def. noun
    nominative ein dër ber die ber, bere
    genitive eines dës bers, beres dër ber, bere
    dative eime dëm ber, bere dën bern, beren
    accusative einen dën ber die ber, bere
    Declension of bër (masculine, class 1 strong)
    singular plural
    indef. def. noun def. noun
    nominative ein dër bër die bër, bëre
    genitive eines dës bërs, bëres dër bër, bëre
    dative eime dëm bër, bëre dën bërn, bëren
    accusative einen dën bër die bër, bëre

    Descendants

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    • Alemannic German: Bärr
    • Cimbrian: per
    • German: Bär
    • Rhine Franconian:
    • Vilamovian: baor
    • Yiddish: בער (ber)

    References

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    • Benecke, Georg Friedrich, Müller, Wilhelm, Zarncke, Friedrich (1863) “ber”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
    • "ber" in Köbler, Gerhard, Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch (3rd edition 2014)

    Mirandese

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. to see
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    Mòcheno

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    Pronoun

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    ber

    1. unstressed form of biar

    References

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    Namuyi

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    Alternative forms

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): [bɚ˧]
    • Hyphenation: ber

    Verb

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    ber

    1. (stative) to be full (of)

    References

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    • Štěpán Pavlík (2017) The Description of Namuzi Language‎[2], Prague: Charles University (PhD Thesis), page 119

    North Frisian

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Germanic *bidjaną.

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. (Sylt) to ask politely, to beg, request

    Conjugation

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    Conjugation of ber (Sylt dialect)
    infinitive I ber
    infinitive II (tö) beren
    past participle böören
    imperative ber
      present past
    1st singular ber buar
    2nd singular berst buarst
    3rd singular bert buar
    plural / dual ber buar
      perfect pluperfect
    1st singular haa böören her böören
    2nd singular heest böören herst böören
    3rd singular heer böören her böören
    plural / dual haa böören her böören
      future (skel) future (wel)
    1st singular skel ber wel ber
    2nd singular sket ber wet ber
    3rd singular skel ber wel ber
    plural / dual skel ber wel ber

    Northern Kurdish

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    Etymology 1

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    From the same root as Etymology 2 below.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber m (Arabic spelling بەر)

    1. front, face
      Synonym: pêşî
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    Definite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative ber ber
    Construct berê berên
    Oblique berî beran
    Demonstrative oblique wî berî wan beran
    Vocative bero berino
    Indefinite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative berek berin
    Construct berekî berine
    Oblique berekî berinan

    Etymology 2

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    Slightly under the influence of Persian بر (“on, over”) (akin to wer (“prefix meaning "around"”)) but from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front; around”). The change in meaning of this word in Northwest Iranic languages can be seen in Parthian [script needed] (par, “to; at”) also.

    Pronunciation

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    Preposition

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    ber (Arabic spelling بەر)

    1. (temporal and spatial) before; in front of; toward
    2. in, under
    Derived terms
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    Etymology 3

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    Likely from Proto-Iranian *varta- (“stone”).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber m (Arabic spelling بەر)

    1. stone, rock
      1. particularly a small stone
        Antonym: kevir
    2. bullet
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    Definite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative ber ber
    Construct berê berên
    Oblique berî beran
    Demonstrative oblique wî berî wan beran
    Vocative bero berino
    Indefinite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative berek berin
    Construct berekî berine
    Oblique berekî berinan

    Etymology 4

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    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber f (Arabic spelling بەڕ)

    1. kilim (type of carpet)
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    Definite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative ber ber
    Construct berê berên
    Oblique berî beran
    Demonstrative oblique wî berî wan beran
    Vocative bero berino
    Indefinite masculine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative berek berin
    Construct berekî berine
    Oblique berekî berinan

    Etymology 5

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    Compare Persian بر (bar, “fruit”).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber m or f (Arabic spelling بەر)

    1. fruit
      Synonyms: êmîş, fîkî, mêwe
    2. (figurative) product
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    Definite feminine and masculine gender
    Case Feminine (sg) Masculine (sg) Plural
    Nominative ber ber ber
    Construct bera berê berên
    Oblique berê berî beran
    Demonstrative oblique wê berê wî berî wan beran
    Vocative berê bero berino
    Indefinite feminine and masculine gender
    Case Feminine (sg) Masculine (sg) Plural
    Nominative berek berek berin
    Construct bereke berekî berine
    Oblique berekê berekî berinan

    Etymology 6

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    be'r f (Arabic spelling بەعر)

    1. Alternative form of behr (“sea”)
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    Definite feminine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative ber ber
    Construct bera berên
    Oblique berê beran
    Demonstrative oblique wê berê wan beran
    Vocative berê berino
    Indefinite feminine gender
    Case Singular Plural
    Nominative berek berin
    Construct bereke berine
    Oblique berekê berinan

    References

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    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber I”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 45
    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber II”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 45
    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber III”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 46
    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber̄ IV”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 46
    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “ber V”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 47
    • Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “be‘r VI”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 47

    Norwegian Bokmål

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. present of be

    Norwegian Nynorsk

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    Etymology 1

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. present tense of bera
    2. imperative of bera

    Etymology 2

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. present tense of be

    Anagrams

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    Old English

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-West Germanic *bāru, from Proto-Germanic *bērō, whence also Old High German bāra.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    bēr f

    1. bier; a litter to transport dead people

    Declension

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    Strong ō-stem:

    singular plural
    nominative bēr bēra, bēre
    accusative bēre bēra, bēre
    genitive bēre bēra
    dative bēre bērum

    Descendants

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    Old French

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    Noun

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    ber m

    1. nominative singular of baron

    Old Irish

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    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    ·ber

    1. first-person singular present subjunctive conjunct of beirid

    Mutation

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    Mutation of ber
    radical lenition nasalization
    ber ber
    pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/     		mber

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Old Norse

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    Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Germanic *basją, *bazją, whence also Old English berġe, Old High German beri, Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐍃𐌹 (basi).

    Noun

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    ber n (genitive plural berja)

    1. berry
    Declension
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      Declension of ber (strong ja-stem)
    neuter singular plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative ber berit ber berin
    accusative ber berit ber berin
    dative beri berinu berjum berjunum
    genitive bers bersins berja berjanna
    Descendants
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    Etymology 2

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Adjective

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    ber

    1. inflection of berr (“bare”):
      1. strong feminine nominative singular
      2. strong neuter nominative/accusative plural

    Verb

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    ber

    1. inflection of bera:
      1. first-person singular present indicative active
      2. second-person singular imperative active
    2. inflection of berja:
      1. first-person singular present indicative active
      2. second-person singular imperative active

    References

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    • “ber”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

    Old Polish

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *bъrъ. First attested in 1409.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /bɛr/
    • IPA(key): (15th CE) /bɛr/

    Noun

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    ber m animacy unattested

    1. (attested in Greater poland) foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
      • 1900 [1437], Józef Rostafiński, editor, Symbola ad historiam naturalem medii aevi = Średniowieczna historya naturalna w Polsce. Ps 2‎[3], number 2650:
        Ber iocues, panicus
        [Ber iocues, panicus]
      • 1920 [1409], Marceli Handelsman, Antoni Rybarski, Kazimierz Tymieniecki, editors, Najdawniejsze księgi sądowe mazowieckie, volume I, number 1398, Płońsk:
        Yacom ne popasl Recziboroui poltory copi brw
        [Jakom nie popasł Reciborowi połtory kopy bru]
      • c. 1500, Wokabularz lubiński, Lubiń: inkunabuł Archiwum Archidiecezjalnego w Gnieźnie, sygn. Inc. 78d., page 95r:
        Panichium est legumen quoddam proprie fenchel ber
        [Panichium est legumen quoddam proprie fenchel ber]

    Descendants

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    References

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    • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “ber”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
    • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ber”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
    • Ewa Deptuchowa, Mariusz Frodyma, Katarzyna Jasińska, Magdalena Klapper, Dorota Kołodziej, Mariusz Leńczuk, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, editors (2023), “ber”, in Rozariusze z polskimi glosami. Internetowa baza danych [Dictionaries of Polish glosses, an Internet database] (in Polish), Kraków: Pracownia Języka Staropolskiego Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk

    Polabian

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    ber

    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Middle Low German bâr / bare

    Noun

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    ber m ?

    1. bear

    References

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    • The template Template:R:pox:SejDp does not use the parameter(s): 
      3=1
      Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.      Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “ber”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 30
    • Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “ber”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 37
    • Olesch, Reinhold (1962) “Báar”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 10

    Polish

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    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Old Polish ber.

    Pronunciation

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    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -ɛr
    • Syllabification: ber

    Noun

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    ber m inan

    1. foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
    Declension
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    Declension of ber
    singular plural
    nominative ber bery
    genitive beru berów
    dative berowi berom
    accusative ber bery
    instrumental berem berami
    locative berze berach
    vocative berze bery

    or

    Declension of ber
    singular plural
    nominative ber bry
    genitive bru brów
    dative browi brom
    accusative ber bry
    instrumental brem brami
    locative brze brach
    vocative brze bry
    Derived terms
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    adjective

    Etymology 2

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber f

    1. genitive plural of bera

    Further reading

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    • ber in Polish dictionaries at PWN
    • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ber”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
    • Danuta Lankiewicz (22.02.2016) “BER”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
    • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego
    • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
    • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ber”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 115

    Swedish

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. present indicative of be

    Anagrams

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    Tatar

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    Tatar cardinal numbers
    1 2  > 
        Cardinal : ber
        Ordinal : berençe

    Etymology

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    From Proto-Turkic *bīr (“one”).

    Numeral

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    ber (Cyrillic spelling бер)

    1. one

    Volapük

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from English bear (Ursidae).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    ber (nominative plural bers)

    1. (male or female) bear (ursid)

    Declension

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    declension of ber
    singular plural
    nominative ber bers
    genitive bera beras
    dative bere beres
    accusative beri beris
    vocative 1 o ber! o bers!
    predicative 2 beru berus
    • 1 status as a case is disputed
    • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

    Derived terms

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    Welsh

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    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    ber

    1. feminine singular of byr

    Mutation

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    Mutated forms of ber
    radical soft nasal aspirate
    ber fer mer unchanged

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    Yola

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From Middle English beren, from Old English beran, from Proto-West Germanic *beran.

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    ber

    1. to bear, to carry

    References

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    • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 26

    Zaghawa

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    Pronoun

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    ber

    1. third person singular pronoun
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    • bers third person plural

    References

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    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=ber&oldid=83092077"
      NODES
    Chat 1
    see 8
    Story 1