Wiktionary

body

See also: Body

English

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-
    Proto-West Germanic *bodag
    Old English bodiġ
    Middle English bodi
    English body

    From Middle English bodi, bodiȝ, from Old English bodiġ (“body, trunk, chest, torso, height, stature”), from Proto-West Germanic *bodag (“body, trunk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake, observe”). Cognate with Old High German botah (whence Swabian Bottich (“body, torso”)).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    body (countable and uncountable, plural bodies)

    1. Physical frame.
      1. The physical structure of a human or animal seen as one single organism. [from 9th c.]
        I saw them walking from a distance, their bodies strangely angular in the dawn light.
        • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 12:15–20:
          If the foot shall say, Because I am not the hand, I am not of the body: is it therefore not of the body?
          And if the eare shall say, Because I am not the eye, I am not of the body: is it therefore not of the body?
          If the whole body were an eye, where were the hearing? If the whole were hearing, where were the smelling?
          But now hath God set the members, euery one of them in the body, as it hath pleased him.
          And if they were all one member, where were the body?
          But now are they many members, yet but one body.
      2. The fleshly or corporeal nature of a human, as opposed to the spirit or soul. [from 13th c.]
        The body is driven by desires, but the soul is at peace.
      3. A corpse. [from 13th c.]
        Her body was found at four o’clock, just two hours after the murder.
      5. (archaic or informal except in compounds) A person. [from 13th c.]
        • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:
          Folio Society 1973, page 463:
          Indeed, if it belonged to a poor body, it would be another thing; but so great a lady, to be sure, can never want it […]
        • 1876, Mark Twain [pseudonym; Samuel Langhorne Clemens], chapter 28, in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Hartford, Conn.: The American Publishing Company, →OCLC:
          Sometime I've set right down and eat WITH him. But you needn't tell that. A body's got to do things when he's awful hungry he wouldn't want to do as a steady thing.
        • 1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:
          “Well,” I says, “I cal’late a body could get used to Tophet if he stayed there long enough.” ¶ She flared up; the least mite of a slam at Doctor Wool was enough to set her going.
        What’s a body gotta do to get a drink around here?
      6. (sociology) A human being, regarded as marginalized or oppressed.
        • 1999, Devon Carbado, Black Men on Race, Gender, and Sexuality: A Critical Reader, page 87:
          This, of course, was not about the State, but it was certainly an invasion: black bodies acting out in a public domain circumscribed by a racist culture. The Garvey movement presents an example of black bodies transgressing racialized spatial boundaries.
        • 2012, Trystan T. Cotten, Transgender Migrations, page 3:
          In doing so, Haritaworn also rethinks the marginality of transgender bodies and practices in queer movements and spaces.
        • 2016, Laura Harrison, Brown Bodies, White Babies, page 5:
          As the title suggests, this project is particularly interested in how race intersects with reproductive technologies—how brown bodies are deployed in the creation of white babies.
    2. Main section.
      1. The torso, the main structure of a human or animal frame excluding the extremities (limbs, head, tail). [from 9th c.]
        The boxer took a blow to the body.
      2. The largest or most important part of anything, as distinct from its appendages or accessories. [from 11th c.]
        The bumpers and front tyres were ruined, but the body of the car was in remarkable shape.
      3. (archaic) The section of a dress extending from the neck to the waist, excluding the arms. [from 16th c.]
        Penny was in the scullery, pressing the body of her new dress.
      4. The content of a letter, message, or other printed or electronic document, as distinct from signatures, salutations, headers, and so on. [from 17th c.]
      (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) A bodysuit. [from 19th c.]
      1. (programming) The code of a subroutine, contrasted to its signature and parameters. [from 20th c.]
        In many programming languages, the method body is enclosed in braces.
      2. (architecture, of a church) nave.
    4. Coherent group.
      1. A group of people having a common purpose or opinion; a mass. [from 16th c.]
        I was escorted from the building by a body of armed security guards.
      3. An organisation, company or other authoritative group. [from 17th c.]
        The local train operating company is the managing body for this section of track.
      4. A unified collection of details, knowledge or information. [from 17th c.]
        We have now amassed a body of evidence which points to one conclusion.
    5. Material entity.
      1. Any physical object or material thing. [from 14th c.]
        All bodies are held together by internal forces.
      2. (uncountable) Substance; physical presence. [from 17th c.]
        • 1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:
          The voice had an extraordinary sadness. Pure from all body, pure from all passion, going out into the world, solitary, unanswered, breaking against rocks—so it sounded.
        We have given body to what was just a vague idea.
      3. (uncountable) Comparative viscosity, solidity or substance (in wine, colours etc.). [from 17th c.]
        The red wine, sadly, lacked body.
        • 1989 August 12, Caroline Foty, “Hindsights”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 5, page 7:
          "I’d Be Lost Without You" seems somewhat out of place from a vocal viewpoint — Lewis’s slightly reedy middle soprano is very expressive and absolutely true, but doesn’t have enough dark body to fully deal with the torchy melody.
      4. An agglomeration of some substance, especially one that would be otherwise uncountable.
        The English Channel is a body of water lying between Great Britain and France.
        • 1806 June 26, Thomas Paine, “The cause of Yellow Fever and the means of preventing it, in places not yet infected with it, addressed to the Board of Health in America”, in The political and miscellaneous works of Thomas Paine, page 179:
          In a gentle breeze, the whole body of air, as far as the breeze extends, moves at the rate of seven or eight miles an hour; in a high wind, at the rate of seventy, eighty, or an hundred miles an hour […]
        • 2012 March 19, Helge Løseth, Nuno Rodrigues, Peter R. Cobbold, “World's largest extrusive body of sand?”, in Geology, volume 40, number 5:
          Using three-dimensional seismic and well data from the northern North Sea, we describe a large (10 km3) body of sand and interpret it as extrusive.
        • 2018, VOA Learning English > China's Melting Glacier Brings Visitors, Adds to Climate Concerns‎[1]:
          The huge body of ice is in the southeastern edge of a Central Asian region called the Third Pole.
    6. (printing) The shank of a type, or the depth of the shank (by which the size is indicated).
      a nonpareil face on an agate body
      • 1992, Mary Kay Duggan, Italian Music Incunabula: Printers and Type, page 99:
        The stemless notes could have been cast on a body as short as 4 mm but were probably cast on bodies of the standard 14 mm size for ease of composition.
    7. (geometry) A three-dimensional object, such as a cube or cone.

    Synonyms

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    Hyponyms

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    Derived terms

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    Translations

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    See also

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    Verb

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    body (third-person singular simple present bodies, present participle bodying, simple past and past participle bodied)

    1. (transitive, often with forth) To give body or shape to something.
      • c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “A Midsommer Nights Dreame”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals, and the scene number in lowercase Roman numerals):
        And as imagination bodies forth / The forms of things unknown, the poet’s pen / Turns them to shapes and gives to airy nothing / A local habitation and a name.
      • 1851 March 22, “The Foreign Country at Home. IV. Abergavenny to Swansea.”, in Leigh Hunt, editor, Leigh Hunt’s Journal; a Miscellany for the Cultivation of the Memorable, the Progressive, and the Beautiful, volume I, number 16, London: […] Stewart & Murray, […], →OCLC, page 255:
        [A]s you stand on the steps of the Castle Green in this strange place, you feel quite floaty. This you are told is the scene of the Merthyr riots; and you feel still floatier as you body forth before your eyes a picture like the following— […]
      • 1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 175:
        The drama of the storehouse on earth has its counterpart in Heaven, and if we accept the insights of both Jacobsen and von Dechend, we can see that the myth is bodying forth a principle which will later be expressed in the Hermetic axiom, “As above, so below.” In fact, it is precisely this relationship between above and below that the myth explores.
    2. To construct the bodywork of a car.
    3. (transitive) To embody.
      • 1955, Philip Larkin, Toads:
        I don’t say, one bodies the other / One’s spiritual truth; / But I do say it’s hard to lose either, / When you have both.
    4. (transitive, slang, African-American Vernacular) To murder someone.
      1. (by extension) To utterly defeat someone.
        • 2023, “Gaming at 24”, in hyperx‎[2] (comic):
          I keep getting bodied by kids half my age.

    References

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    Further reading

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    Anagrams

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    Czech

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    Pronunciation

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    Etymology 1

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    Pseudo-anglicism, derived from bodysuit.

    Noun

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    body n (indeclinable)

    1. bodysuit, leotard

    Etymology 2

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    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

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    body

    1. nominative/accusative/vocative/instrumental plural of bod

    Anagrams

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    Dutch

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    Etymology

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    Pseudo-anglicism, derived from bodysuit.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈbɔ.di/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Hyphenation: bo‧dy

    Noun

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    body m (plural body's, diminutive body'tje n)

    1. bodysuit, leotard, onesie
      1. (garment worn by adult)
        Synonyms: bodystocking, onesie
      2. (garment worn by infant or small child)
        Synonyms: romper, rompertje, kruippakje
    2. body, substance

    Finnish

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    Etymology

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    Pseudo-anglicism, derived from bodysuit.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    body

    1. snapsuit, onesies (infant bodysuit)
      Synonym: potkupuku
    2. bodystocking (one-piece article of lingerie)
      Synonyms: bodi, body stocking

    Declension

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    Inflection of body (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    nominative body bodyt
    genitive bodyn bodyjen
    partitive bodya bodyja
    illative bodyyn bodyihin
    singular plural
    nominative body bodyt
    accusative nom. body bodyt
    gen. bodyn
    genitive bodyn bodyjen
    partitive bodya bodyja
    inessive bodyssa bodyissa
    elative bodysta bodyista
    illative bodyyn bodyihin
    adessive bodylla bodyilla
    ablative bodylta bodyilta
    allative bodylle bodyille
    essive bodyna bodyina
    translative bodyksi bodyiksi
    abessive bodytta bodyitta
    instructive — bodyin
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of body (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    first-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative bodyni bodyni
    accusative nom. bodyni bodyni
    gen. bodyni
    genitive bodyni bodyjeni
    partitive bodyani bodyjani
    inessive bodyssani bodyissani
    elative bodystani bodyistani
    illative bodyyni bodyihini
    adessive bodyllani bodyillani
    ablative bodyltani bodyiltani
    allative bodylleni bodyilleni
    essive bodynani bodyinani
    translative bodykseni bodyikseni
    abessive bodyttani bodyittani
    instructive — —
    comitative — bodyineni
    second-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative bodysi bodysi
    accusative nom. bodysi bodysi
    gen. bodysi
    genitive bodysi bodyjesi
    partitive bodyasi bodyjasi
    inessive bodyssasi bodyissasi
    elative bodystasi bodyistasi
    illative bodyysi bodyihisi
    adessive bodyllasi bodyillasi
    ablative bodyltasi bodyiltasi
    allative bodyllesi bodyillesi
    essive bodynasi bodyinasi
    translative bodyksesi bodyiksesi
    abessive bodyttasi bodyittasi
    instructive — —
    comitative — bodyinesi
    first-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative bodymme bodymme
    accusative nom. bodymme bodymme
    gen. bodymme
    genitive bodymme bodyjemme
    partitive bodyamme bodyjamme
    inessive bodyssamme bodyissamme
    elative bodystamme bodyistamme
    illative bodyymme bodyihimme
    adessive bodyllamme bodyillamme
    ablative bodyltamme bodyiltamme
    allative bodyllemme bodyillemme
    essive bodynamme bodyinamme
    translative bodyksemme bodyiksemme
    abessive bodyttamme bodyittamme
    instructive — —
    comitative — bodyinemme
    second-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative bodynne bodynne
    accusative nom. bodynne bodynne
    gen. bodynne
    genitive bodynne bodyjenne
    partitive bodyanne bodyjanne
    inessive bodyssanne bodyissanne
    elative bodystanne bodyistanne
    illative bodyynne bodyihinne
    adessive bodyllanne bodyillanne
    ablative bodyltanne bodyiltanne
    allative bodyllenne bodyillenne
    essive bodynanne bodyinanne
    translative bodyksenne bodyiksenne
    abessive bodyttanne bodyittanne
    instructive — —
    comitative — bodyinenne
    third-person possessor
    singular plural
    nominative bodynsa bodynsa
    accusative nom. bodynsa bodynsa
    gen. bodynsa
    genitive bodynsa bodyjensa
    partitive bodyaan
    bodyansa     		bodyjaan
    bodyjansa
    inessive bodyssaan
    bodyssansa     		bodyissaan
    bodyissansa
    elative bodystaan
    bodystansa     		bodyistaan
    bodyistansa
    illative bodyynsa bodyihinsa
    adessive bodyllaan
    bodyllansa     		bodyillaan
    bodyillansa
    ablative bodyltaan
    bodyltansa     		bodyiltaan
    bodyiltansa
    allative bodylleen
    bodyllensa     		bodyilleen
    bodyillensa
    essive bodynaan
    bodynansa     		bodyinaan
    bodyinansa
    translative bodykseen
    bodyksensa     		bodyikseen
    bodyiksensa
    abessive bodyttaan
    bodyttansa     		bodyittaan
    bodyittansa
    instructive — —
    comitative — bodyineen
    bodyinensa

    Further reading

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    Italian

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    Etymology

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    Pseudo-anglicism, a clipping of English bodysuit.

    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈbɔ.di/
    • Rhymes: -ɔdi
    • Hyphenation: bò‧dy

    Noun

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    body m (invariable)

    1. leotard
      Synonym: calzamaglia

    Further reading

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    • body in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

    Polish

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    Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia pl

    Etymology

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    Pseudo-anglicism, derived from bodysuit.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    body n (indeclinable)

    1. bodysuit, leotard

    Further reading

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    • body in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • body in Polish dictionaries at PWN

    Portuguese

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    Etymology

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    Pseudo-anglicism, derived from bodysuit.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    body m (plural bodies)

    1. bodysuit, leotard

    Further reading

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    Romanian

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    Etymology

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    Unadapted borrowing from English body.

    Noun

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    body n (plural body-uri)

    1. bodysuit

    Declension

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    singular plural
    indefinite definite indefinite definite
    nominative-accusative body body-ul body-uri body-urile
    genitive-dative body body-ului body-uri body-urilor
    vocative body-ule body-urilor

    Scots

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    Alternative forms

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    Etymology

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    From Middle English body, bodiȝ, from Old English bodiġ, bodeġ (“body, trunk, chest, torso, height, stature”).

    Noun

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    body (plural bodies)

    1. body
    2. person, human being

    Slovak

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    body n (indeclinable)

    1. bodysuit

    Further reading

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    • “body”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

    Spanish

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    Noun

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    body m (plural bodys or bodies)

    1. Alternative spelling of bodi

    Further reading

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    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=body&oldid=83140116"
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